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Lew Ayres

{{Short description|American actor (1908–1996)}}

{{Use American English|date=October 2022}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Lew Ayres

| image = Lew Ayres-publicity.JPG

| caption = Ayres in the 1930s

| birth_name = Lewis Frederick Ayres III

| birth_date = {{birth date|1908|12|28}}

| birth_place = Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.

| death_date = {{death date and age|1996|12|30|1908|12|28}}

| death_place = Los Angeles, California, U.S.

| resting_place = Westwood Village Memorial Park

| occupation = Actor

| years_active = 1927–1989

| spouse = {{plainlist|

  • {{marriage|Lola Lane|1931|1933|end=divorced}}
  • {{marriage|Ginger Rogers|1934|1940|end=divorced}}
  • {{marriage|Diana Hall|1964}}

}}

| children = 1

}}

Lewis Frederick Ayres III (December 28, 1908 – December 30, 1996) was an American actor whose film and television career spanned 65 years. He is best known for starring as German soldier Paul Bäumer in the film All Quiet on the Western Front (1930) and for playing Dr. Kildare in nine films.{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-12-31-mn-14151-story.html |title=Lew Ayres, Star of Dr. Kildare Movie Series, Dies |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=December 31, 1996 |first=Eric |last=Malnic |access-date=March 25, 2014}} He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in Johnny Belinda (1948).

Early life and career

Ayres was born in Minneapolis{{cite book |editor-last1=Lyon |editor-first1=Christopher |editor-first2=Susan |editor-last2=Doll |editor-first3=James |editor-last3=Vinson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wbgYAAAAIAAJ&q=%22Lewis+Frederick+Ayres%22 |chapter=Ayres, Lew | title=The International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers |volume=3 |publisher=St. James Press |location=Chicago |year=1984 | isbn=978-0912289083 |access-date=September 30, 2008 |name-list-style=amp}}. to Irma Bevernick and Louis Ayres, who divorced when he was four. Louis, an amateur musician and court reporter, remarried soon afterwards.

As a teen, he and his mother moved with his step-father, William Gilmore,1920 United states Federal Census and half brother and sister to San Diego, California.{{cite book |last=Canton |first=Rolf |title=Minnesotans in the Movies |publisher=Nodin Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-1932472417 |url=http://cscl.umn.edu/film/personalities/ayres.html}}

Leaving high school before graduating, he started a small band which traveled to Mexico. He returned months later to pursue an acting career, but continued working full-time as a musician. He played banjo and guitar for big bands, including the Henry Halstead Orchestra. He recorded one of the earliest Vitaphone movie shorts called Carnival Night in Paris (Warner Brothers, 1927).

Ayres wrote, "I was a member of Henry Halstead's orchestra in 1927 at the Mission Beach Ballroom in San Diego, California for the summer. My instruments were tenor banjo, long-neck banjo and guitar. After a hiatus, I rejoined Mr. Halstead with a new group, including Phil Harris, on New Year's Eve the same year for the opening night of the Beverly Wilshire Hotel, a memorable occasion."{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

He left a national tour to pursue a career as an actor full-time.

Career

Ayres was discovered at a nightclub by talent agent Ivan Kahn. He was cast to play opposite Greta Garbo in The Kiss (1929), but it was his leading role in the original version of All Quiet on the Western Front (1930) that made him a star, secured him a contract with Universal—and made him a conscientious objector to World War II.

He made a number of mostly forgotten B movies for Universal, with the exception of Iron Man (1931), with Jean Harlow. His most successful movies at this time were those he made on loan to other studios, including The Doorway to Hell (1930) with James Cagney in a supporting role, and as Janet Gaynor's leading man in both State Fair (1933) and Servants' Entrance (1934), which featured a combination of live action and Walt Disney animation in a musical dream sequence, both for Fox Films.

Ayres left Universal to sign with Fox Films. In 1934, Fox listed him as one of its second tier stars.{{cite news| title=TAKING A LOOK AT THE RECORD| last=Churchill| first=Douglas W.| date=November 25, 1934| work=The New York Times| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/11/25/archives/taking-a-look-at-the-record-hollywood-consults-the-boxoffice-scores.html| url-access=subscription| access-date=October 18, 2020}}

He moved to poverty row studio Republic Pictures to pursue a second career as a director, including the film Hearts in Bondage (1936), starring James Dunn and Mae Clarke. He moved to Paramount Pictures before finally being signed to MGM in 1938. At this time, he was loaned from Paramount to play the role of Ned in Holiday (1938).

The role earned him considerable critical attention, including interest from MGM to put him under contract specifically for the role of Dr. James Kildare in an upcoming film series. Ayres played the role in nine films from 1938 to 1942 (and again in a 1950s radio series) while also appearing in light comedies for MGM, including Spring Madness and Rich Man, Poor Girl (both 1938), The Ice Follies of 1939 (1939), and Fingers at the Window (1942). His final film as Dr. Kildare, Born to Be Bad, was re-edited after he was drafted and declared himself a conscientious objector in March 1942.

File:Lew Ayres in Johnny Belinda trailer.jpg (1948)]]

He returned to acting in the films The Dark Mirror (1946) with Olivia de Havilland and The Unfaithful (1947) with Ann Sheridan. For his role in Johnny Belinda (1948) he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor; co-star Jane Wyman won for Best Actress.

Ayres gradually moved to television, appearing in several anthology series in guest roles. In the summer of 1958, he hosted eleven original episodes of a CBS Western anthology television series called Frontier Justice, a production of Dick Powell's Four Star Television. He was offered the part of Dr. Kildare in an NBC series but his prescient request that the show have no cigarette advertising led to the offer being withdrawn. (In 1961, the part went to Richard Chamberlain.) He appeared (as the vice-president) in Advise & Consent (1962), and in The Carpetbaggers (1964), but he was, by then, primarily a television actor, with only occasional film work.

For a guest role in Kung Fu ("The Vanishing Image", 1974) he was nominated for an Emmy.

File:Doris Day Lew Ayres The Doris Day Show 1970.JPG and Ayres in The Doris Day Show (1970)]]

His documentary film Altars of the World (1976), based on a series of documentaries he made titled Altars of the East (1956), brought his Eastern philosophical beliefs to the screen and earned him critical acclaim and a Golden Globe Award for best documentary in 1977.

Ayres guest-starred in an episode of The Bionic Woman ("Doomsday is Tomorrow", 1977) as Dr. Elijah Cooper, an elderly nuclear scientist who attempts to blackmail the world into peace. In 1973 he played a similar role on Hawaii Five-O as a nuclear Scientist who in a twist ending ends up dying of radiation from his own bomb.

In 1985, he was cast in his first series as a regular cast member, as the father of Robert Wagner in the short-lived series Lime Street. His last role was in the made-for-TV film Hart to Hart: Crimes of the Heart (1994), also starring Wagner.

=World War II conscientious objector and medic=

In March 1942, Ayres was identified as a 4E conscientious objector and sent to a CO camp. As expected, the announcement that a Hollywood actor objected to the war was a major source of public outcry and debate.{{cite news| last=Broeske| first=Pat H.| date=April 6, 1991| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-06-ca-1733-story.html| title=Ayres Backs His Project Religiously: Film: Actor best known for 'Dr. Kildare' says his documentary, 'Altars of the World,' represents the bigger part of his life today.| newspaper=Los Angeles Times| access-date=October 18, 2020}}

Within a month it was determined that he had initially requested to be A-O-1, so that he could serve as a non-combat medic. However, the military's policy that servicemen cannot request, or be guaranteed, where they will serve, forced him to request a 4E status. The U.S. military confirmed that they would place him as a medic and in April 1942, his status was changed. He enlisted in the United States Army on May 18, 1942.U.S., World War II Army Enlistment Records, 1938–1946.

He served as a first aid instructor in the United States Army before requesting a drop in rank in order to serve as a medic and chaplain's assistant in the Pacific. He was one of 16 medics who arrived under fire during the invasion of Leyte to set up evacuation hospitals, and there he provided care to soldiers and civilians in the Philippines and New Guinea. He donated all the money he had earned as a serviceman to the American Red Cross.{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vce1qSA6O60C&pg=PA118| title=Lew Ayres: Hollywood's Conscientious Objector| publisher=University Press of Mississippi| last=Coffin| first=Lesley L.| year=2012| page=121| isbn=978-1617036378}}

Serving for three and a half years in the Medical Corps, he was awarded three battle stars. After the war, he resumed his career and made scores of movies, but never reached the peak of his early Hollywood stardom.{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/01/arts/lew-ayres-actor-dies-at-88-conscience-bound-his-career.html| title=Lew Ayres, Actor, Dies at 88; Conscience Bound His Career| newspaper=The New York Times| date=January 1, 1997| page=47| access-date=October 18, 2020}}

Personal life

File:Lew Ayres grave at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Brentwood, California.JPG

Ayres was married three times. First to actress Lola Lane from 1931 until 1933, although they were separated much of that period.{{cite news| title=DIVORCES LEW AYRES.; Lola Lane Receives $35,000 Cash in Los Angeles Suit| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1933/02/04/archives/divorces-lew-ayres-lola-lane-receives-35000-cash-in-los-angeles.html| date=February 4, 1933| newspaper=The New York Times| url-access=subscription}} He met actress Ginger Rogers while starring in the film Don't Bet on Love in 1933 and they wed in 1934. They separated in 1936 and divorced in March 1940.{{cite news| title=GINGER ROGERS FREED; She Gets Divorce From Lew Ayres on Charge of Desertion| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1940/03/14/archives/ginger-rogers-freed-she-gets-divorce-from-lew-ayres-on-charge-of.html| date=March 14, 1940| newspaper=The New York Times| url-access=subscription}} His third marriage, to Diana Hall, lasted from 1964 until his death in 1996. Their son Justin was born in 1968.

Ayres was a strict vegetarian.Kovac, Jeffrey. (2009). Refusing War, Affirming Peace: A History of Civilian Public Service Camp #21 at Cascade Locks. Oregon State University Press. p. 54. {{ISBN|978-0870715754}}Braitman, Jacqueline R. (2020). She Damn Near Ran the Studio: The Extraordinary Lives of Ida R. Koverman. University Press of Mississippi. p. 194. {{ISBN|978-1496830388}}

Death and legacy

In 1960, Lew Ayres was inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame with two stars. His motion pictures star is located at 6385 Hollywood Boulevard while his radio star is located at 1724 Vine Street.{{cite web| url=http://www.walkoffame.com/lew-ayres| title=Lew Ayres| website=Hollywood Walk of Fame| access-date=August 21, 2016}}{{cite web| url=http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/lew-ayres/| title=Lew Ayres| website=Los Angeles Times| access-date=August 21, 2016}}

Ayres died on December 30, 1996, two days after his 88th birthday.{{cite news| url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1996-12-31/news/1996366073_1_santos-inocentes-francisco-moreno-holy-innocents| title=Lew Ayres, the original Dr. Kildare who acted in films for...| newspaper=The Baltimore Sun| date=December 31, 1996| access-date=October 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330010906/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1996-12-31-1996366073-story.html |archive-date=March 30, 2019}}{{cite news| url=http://articles.philly.com/1997-01-01/entertainment/25559934_1_ayres-soft-spoken-actor-first-major-film| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140325224622/http://articles.philly.com/1997-01-01/entertainment/25559934_1_ayres-soft-spoken-actor-first-major-film| url-status=dead| archive-date=March 25, 2014| title=Lew Ayres Took Faith Seriously As Actor, Citizen| newspaper=The Philadelphia Inquirer| last=Rickey| first=Carrie| date=January 1, 1997| access-date=October 18, 2020| url-access=subscription}} His body was buried under a simple headstone at Westwood Memorial Park in Westwood, Los Angeles.{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wtBiAwAAQBAJ&q=lew+ayres+Westwood+Memorial&pg=PT104| title=The Archaeology of Hollywood: Traces of the Golden Age| first=Paul| last=Bahn| date=April 14, 2014| publisher=Rowman & Littlefield| via=Google Books| isbn=978-0759123793}}

Filmography

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Radio

  • Philip Morris Playhouse—episode Dark Victory (1952)
  • The Story of Dr. Kildare (1949–1951 series){{cite news| title=Better Radio Programs for the Week| url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2376557/the_decatur_daily_review/| newspaper=The Decatur Daily Review| date=May 4, 1952| page=50| via=Newspapers.com| access-date=May 8, 2015}}

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

;General sources

  • Coffin, Lesley L. (2012). Lew Ayres: Hollywood's Conscientious Objector. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. {{isbn|9781617036378}}. {{oclc|781848522}}.

External links

{{Commons category}}

  • {{IMDb name|817}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20050205131438/http://www.classicimages.com/1997/february/lewayres.html Classic Images]
  • [http://film.virtual-history.com/person.php?personid=858 Photographs of Lew Ayres]

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Category:1908 births

Category:1996 deaths

Category:20th-century American male actors

Category:20th-century Lutherans

Category:American conscientious objectors

Category:American Lutherans

Category:American male film actors

Category:American male radio actors

Category:American male television actors

Category:Burials at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery

Category:California Republicans

Category:Combat medics

Category:Male actors from Minneapolis

Category:Male actors from San Diego

Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract players

Category:Military personnel from Minneapolis

Category:United States Army personnel of World War II

Category:United States Army soldiers

Category:Universal Pictures contract players