Li Jinglin
{{family name hatnote|Li|lang=Chinese}}
{{Infobox martial artist
| name = Li Jinglin
{{nobold|李景林}}
| image = Li Jinglin.jpg
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1885
| birth_place = Zaoqiang County, Hebei, China
| death_date = {{BirthDeathAge| |1885| | |1931| | |yes}}
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| other_names = Li Fangchen
"China's First Sword"
"God of the Sword"
| residence =
| nationality = Chinese
| style = Yang-style tai chi
Wudangquan
Wudang Sword
| years_active =
| occupation =
| university =
| spouse =
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{{Chinese
|c = {{linktext|李|景|林}}
|p = Lǐ Jǐnglín
|w = Li Ching-lin
}}
Li Jinglin, also known as Li FangchenChen 3. (1885–1931) was a deputy inspector-general and later army general for the Fengtian cliqueWaldrun 95. during the Chinese warlord era. He hailed from Zaoqiang County, Hebei province, China. After his military career was over he settled in Nanjing, and in 1927 moved to Shanghai.Chen 3. A renowned swordsman, he was known as "China's First Sword."
Military and administrative career
In 1924, during the Second Zhili–Fengtian War, Li was commanding the Fengtian Second ArmyWaldron 95. which aided Zhang Zongchang in his decisive victory at Longku; the engagement has been termed "probably the single most important engagement in Zhili's defeat."Waldron 101-102. In November his troops occupied Tianjin,Chevrier 165. where they picked up half of Wang Chengbin's forces,Waldron 214. and under his command a "repressive and predatory" regime was established--especially noted is the extent to which the local merchants were extorted.Chevrier 166. The US 15th Infantry Regiment, whose mission was to keep the Peking-Mukden Railway open, was based in Tianjin, and small skirmishes occurred between US troops and Li's forces.Cornebise 38. Like many other warlords who ruled Tianjin, Li was a member of the Green Gang.Hershatter 128. From December 1924 to December 1925 he was the administrator of Hebei province.Lin 30.
On 11 August 1925 when newly unionized workers at the Japanese-owned Yu Da Cotton Mill in Tianjin presented demands for improved conditions they were stopped by military police deployed by warlord Li Jinglin, the workers called for a strike and caused significant damage to the mill. Workers chased some of the police and factory security forces into the mill courtyard, fighting the police with pickaxes and cutting the factory phone lines. 10 people were killed in a police ambush the following day with several hundred being arrested. The disturbances led to arrests, casualties, and the subsequent suppression of unions by Li Jinglin as well as sending police to surveil unions in foreign Tianjin Concessions.{{Cite web |last=Ivan Franceschini and Christian Sorace |title=PROLETARIAN CHINA |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/elizabethperry/files/the_anyuan_strike_of_1922_lessons_in_leadership.pdf |website=scholar.harvard.edu}}
Li Jinglin participated in the Anti-Fengtian War of 1925-1926.
Martial arts
One of Li's nicknames is "Magic Sword".Allen 50; Lin 27. He displayed great skill as a swordfighter and great interest in martial arts, especially Wudang chuan. Li was nicknamed "China's First Sword" and "God of the Sword."Lin 31. He was an expert in a variety of sword techniques, and later learned Wudang Sword from Song Weiyi, a renowned swordsman who also taught Fu Zhensong.Lin 27. His sword techniques were an amalgamation of the ancient Taoist and the newer baguazhang styles.Vercammen 126.
After his military career he opened a martial arts center in Nanjing,Chen 3. and became vice-president of the National Martial Arts Academy,Sun 31. also known as Central Hall for National Martial Arts (Zhongyang Guoshuguan),Vercammen 125. and now called the Central Guoshu Institute. On his initiative, a Yang-style tai chi was formalized, with Yang Chengfu as the most important of the contributors.Vercammen 125.
References
;Notes
{{Reflist|3}}
;Bibliography
- {{cite book|last=Allen|first=Frank|title=The Whirling Circles of Ba Gua Zhang: The Art and Legends of the Eight Trigram Palm|year=2007|publisher=Blue Snake Books|isbn=978-1-58394-189-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2scbFe2HTlQC&pg=PA50|author2=Tina Chunna Zhang |accessdate=23 October 2010}}
- {{cite book|last=Chevrier|first=Yves|title=Citadins et Citoyens Dans la Chine Du XXe Siècle: Essai D'histoire Sociale. En L'honneur de Marie-Claire Bergère|year=2010|publisher=Editions MSH|isbn=978-2-7351-1177-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6pjSauBUlG4C&pg=PA166}}
- {{cite book|last=Cornebise|first=Alfred E.|title=The United States 15th Infantry Regiment in China, 1912-1938|year=2004|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-1988-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x0PdgqMhDFMC&pg=PA38}}
- {{cite book|last=Hershatter|first=Gail|title=The Workers of Tianjin, 1900-1949|year=1993|publisher=Stanford UP|isbn=978-0-8047-2216-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xU5UrgIfE_cC}}
- {{cite book|last=Lin|first=Chao Zhen|title=Fu Zhen Song's Dragon Bagua Zhang|year=2010|publisher=Blue Snake Books|isbn=978-1-58394-238-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=spFzAOA-AzEC|author2=Wei Ran Lin |author3=Rick L. Wing |accessdate=22 October 2010}}
- {{cite book|last=Sun|first=Lutang|title=A Study of Taijiquan|year=2003|publisher=North Atlantic Books|isbn=978-1-55643-462-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DVqGOf1WB9EC&pg=PA31|author2=Tim Cartmell |accessdate=22 October 2010}}
- {{cite book|last=Vercammen|first=Dan|title=When God comes to town: religious traditions in urban contexts|year=2009|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-1-84545-554-5|pages=114–44|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RmuX5nwX2hoC&pg=PA126|editor=Rik Pinxten, Lisa Dikomitis|accessdate=23 October 2010|chapter=Modernity Contra Tradition? Taijiquan{{'}}s Struggle for Survival: A Chinese Case Study}}
- {{cite book|last=Waldrun|first=Arthur|title=From War to Nationalism: China's Turning Point, 1924-1925|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge UP|isbn=978-0-521-52332-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MOK2HJ7BHigC}}
- {{cite book|last=Chen|first=Weiming|title=Taiji Sword|year=2000|publisher=North Atlantic Books|isbn=978-1-55643-333-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUGb-WA57vIC&pg=PA3|authorlink=Chen Weiming (scholar)|author2=Barbara Davis |accessdate=22 October 2010}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Li Jinglin}}
Category:Chinese baguazhang practitioners
Category:Chinese tai chi practitioners
Category:Republic of China warlords from Hebei
Category:Politicians from Hengshui