Lieutenant (Eastern Europe)
{{Short description|Military rank in Eastern Europe}}
{{Hatnote|This article is about a lieutenant rank used in Slavophone countries. For the standard see Lieutenant.}}
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File:Use of the Poruchik rank in Europe.svg
The rank of lieutenant in Eastern Europe, also called poruchnick in Slavic languages,{{efn|{{langx|be-Latn|paručnik}}, {{langx|hr|poručnik}}, {{langx|cs|poručík}}, {{langx|pl|porucznik}}, {{langx|ru-Latn|poručik}}, {{langx|sr-Latn|poručnik}}, {{langx|sk|poručík}}, {{langx|sl|poročnik}}, {{langx|uk-Latn|poručnyk}}}} is one used in Slavophone armed forces. Depending on the country, it is either the lowest or second lowest officer rank.
Etymology
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The rank designation {{lang|ru-Latn|poruchik}} might be derived from {{langx|ru|поpученец}} (a person tasked by a special mission); {{langx|ru|поручение}} (assignment, commission) or {{langx|ru|поручить}} (task to look after, charge with something). Normally the {{lang|ru-Latn|poruchik}} received military orders in written form and was responsible to meet the particular goals and objectives anticipated.
Russian imperial armed forces
The Imperial Russian Army introduced this rank first in middle of the 17th century, by the Strelets so-called New Order Regiments {{clarify|date=October 2018}}, reflected in the Table of Ranks. A poruchik was normally assigned to assistant commanding officer of a company, later platoon. In 1798 this particular rank designation was replaced by lieutenant beginning with the Russian Guards, followed by other military units, and legalised by the Table of Ranks.
Lieutenant (Eastern Europe)'s insignia
File:Bosnia&Herzegovina-Army-OF-1b.svg|{{lang|bs|Poručnik}}
(Bosnian Ground Forces){{cite web |title=OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH |url=http://os.mod.gov.ba/vojna-oprema-naoruzanje-i-simboli-os-bih/oznake-cinova-i-uniforme-u-os-bih/Obilje%c5%beja_i_cinovi_OS_BiH/default.aspx?id=1737&langTag=bs-BA&template_id=181&pageIndex=1 |website=os.mod.gov.ba |publisher=Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine |access-date=30 September 2019 |language=bs}}
Army-HRV-OF-01b.svg|{{lang|hr|Poručnik}}
(Croatian Army){{cite web |title=Oznake činova |url=http://www.osrh.hr/#rubData/HTML/HR/RAZNO/OZNAKE/20190401_Galerija_oznaka/Galerija_oznaka_HR.htm |website=osrh.hr |publisher=Republic of Croatia Armed Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=hr |date=1 April 2019}}
CzArmy 2011 OF1b-Poruchik shoulder.svg|{{lang|cs|Poručík}}
(Czech Land Forces){{cite web |title=Ranks |url=https://www.army.cz/scripts/detail.php?id=49065 |website=army.cz |publisher=Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic |date=2018 |access-date=26 May 2021}}
File:North-Macedonia-Army-OF-1b.svg|{{lang|mk|Поручник}}
{{lang|mk-Latn|Poručnik}}
(North Macedonia Ground Forces){{cite web |title=УРЕДБА ЗА ОЗНАКИТЕ ЗА УНИФОРМИТЕ НА АРМИЈАТА НА РЕПУБЛИКА СЕВЕРНА МАКЕДОНИЈА |trans-title=Regulation on the Markings for the Uniforms of the Army of the Republic Northern of Macedonia |url=https://dejure.mk/zakon/uredba-za-oznakite-za-uniformite-na-armijata-na-republika-severna-makedonija-1 |website=dejure.mk |access-date=24 May 2021 |language=mk |date=12 November 2020}}
11-Montenegro Army-1LT.svg| {{lang|sr-Latn|Poručnik}}
(Montenegrin Ground Army){{cite journal |title=IV. Izgled Činova u Vojsci |journal=Official Gazette of Montenegro |date=16 August 2010 |volume=50/10 |pages=22–28 |url=https://wapi.gov.me/download-preview/f21585eb-2399-4cf3-ab40-7f0e245093be?version=1.0 |access-date=17 September 2021 |language=cnr}}
Army-POL-OF-01a.svg|{{lang|pl|Porucznik}}
(Polish Land Forces){{cite web |title=Sposób noszenia odznak stopni wojskowych na umundurowaniu wojsk Lądowych i sił Powietrznych |url=https://www.wojsko-polskie.pl/iwsp/u/14/fc/14fc23f7-28a0-4a42-9ac0-287d512ffcb9/08b_oznaki_stopni_wojskowych_na_umundurowaniu_wl_i_sp_ok.pdf |website=wojsko-polskie.pl |publisher=Armed Forces Support Inspectorate |access-date=7 June 2021 |language=pl}}
10-Serbian Army-LT.svg|{{lang|sr|Поручник}}
{{lang|sr-Latn|Poručnik}}
(Serbian Army){{cite web |title=ЧИНОВИ У ВОЈСЦИ СРБИЈЕ |url=http://www.vs.rs/sr_cyr/o-vojsci/obelezja-i-oznake/cinovi-u-vojsci-srbije |website=vs.rs |publisher=Serbian Armed Forces |access-date=7 June 2021 |language=sr}}
Army-SVK-OF-01b.svg|{{lang|sk|Poručík}}
(Slovak Ground Forces){{cite web |title=Označenie vojenských hodností príslušníkov Ozbrojených síl Slovenskej republiky od 1.1.2016 |trans-title=Designation of military ranks of members of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic from 1.1.2016 |url=http://www.vhu.sk/oznacenie-vojenskych-hodnosti-prislusnikov-ozbrojenych-sil-slovenskej-republiky-od-112016/ |website=vhu.sk |publisher=Military History Institute |access-date=12 April 2021 |language=sk}}
12-Slovenian Army-2LT.svg|{{lang|sl|Poročnik}}
(Slovenian Ground Force){{cite web |title=Čini in razredi |url=https://www.slovenskavojska.si/o-vojski/cini-in-razredi/ |website=slovenskavojska.si |publisher=Slovenian Armed Forces |access-date=26 May 2021 |language=sl}}
See also
Notes
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