Limehouse Declaration

{{Short description|British political manifesto (1981)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

The Limehouse Declaration was a statement issued on 25 January 1981 by four senior British Labour politicians, all MPs or former MPs and Cabinet Ministers: Roy Jenkins, David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Shirley Williams.{{cite news|newspaper=BBC News | title= The legacy of the SDP's Gang of Four | url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-12170121 | date= January 12, 2011 | last=Ley | first= Shaun }} It became known as the Limehouse Declaration as it was made near David Owen's London home in Limehouse. The four were known as the Gang of Four.

The opening paragraph of the declaration indicates that it was triggered by decisions taken at the Labour Party conference in January 1981.

{{blockquote|The calamitous outcome of the Labour Party Wembley conference demands a new start in British politics. A handful of trade union leaders can now dictate the choice of a future Prime Minister.|title=The Limehouse Declaration (opening){{cite news|last1=Williams|first1=Shirley|last2=Owen|first2=David|last3=Rodgers|first3=Bill|last4=Jenkins|first4=Roy|title=Why Gang of Four Set Up New Council|work=The Guardian|date=26 January 1981|page=2}}}}

In this document, the so-called 'Gang of Four' signalled their intent to leave the Labour Party and form a Council for Social Democracy, as they felt the party had been taken over by the left-wing members.{{cite news|newspaper=The Guardian|title=Looking back on Limehouse| date=January 21, 2006 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2006/jan/21/labour.liberaldemocrats}} This Council became the basis for the British Social Democratic Party (SDP).

The declaration was launched on a small bridge on Narrow Street, Limehouse. Organisation was last-minute, with Matthew Oakeshott being sent to the Savoy Hotel to make photocopies of the statement, and visiting the flat of Shirley Williams to find appropriate clothes for her to wear at the press call.{{Cite book|title=Roy Jenkins- A well Rounded Life|last=Campbell|first=John|publisher=Jonathan Cape|year=2014|isbn=978-0-224-08750-6|pages=558–9}}

The four stated that they would soon produce an initial list of politicians and others who would support the new Council for Social Democracy.{{cite news|last1=Russell|first1=William|title=Gang of Three to form Social Democracy Group|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=GGgVawPscysC&dat=19810126&printsec=frontpage&hl=en|access-date=20 February 2019|work=The Glasgow Herald|date=26 January 1981}} At this point the 'Gang of Three' (Williams, Rodgers and Owen) had not yet left the Labour Party, but Williams admitted that "almost inevitably" they would take this step. However Williams, whom The Glasgow Herald considered to be the new group's "greatest asset as far as public appeal is concerned", was reported to want to delay the formal split until after the local elections in May in order to avoid upsetting Labour moderates whose support they hoped to win.

One week later, on 5 February 1981, an advertisement was published in The Guardian under the name of the Council for Social Democracy announcing that they had received 8,000 individual messages of support. The advertisement listed one hundred of their names, which included thirteen former Labour MPs, four of whom had been cabinet ministers including Lord George-Brown, former Deputy Leader of the Labour Party.{{cite news|title=Advertisement - Council for Social Democracy|work=The Guardian|date=5 February 1981|page=3}} Reproduced in {{cite web|title=5 February 1981: Support for the SDP|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/from-the-archive-blog/2011/jun/03/guardian190-sdp-ad-1981|website=From the archive blog|publisher=The Guardian|access-date=9 September 2017|date=3 June 2011}}{{cite news|first=Alan|last=Rusbridger|author-link=Alan Rusbridger|title=Academics and Councillors Dominate Gang of 100|work=The Guardian|date=5 February 1981|page=2}}