List of Celtic place names in Portugal

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Image:Ethnographic Iberia 200 BCE.PNG

In the area of modern Portugal a significant number of towns with Celtic toponymic were already mentioned by ancient Greek and Roman authors.

The regions where we can find a greater number of these names are in the north (inhabited by the Callaici or Callaeci) and center (inhabited by the Lusitanians) of Portugal.

However, Celtic toponymy occurs throughout the whole country and is also found in the south (the Alentejo, inhabited by the Celtici, and the Algarve, inhabited by the Cynetes), which correspond to the ancient Roman provinces of Gallaecia and Lusitania.

The name of Portugal (Portvgalliæ) itself is partly of Celtic origin (see: Name of Portugal and Portus Cale).

File:Bri e Briga.jpg which have names containing the Celtic elements -brigā or -bris < -brixs 'hill, hillfort'.

Celtic toponymy of Portugal (Western side of Iberia) is shown light-blue and yellow on the map.]]

List of towns and places

class="wikitable"
Celtic name

! Modern name

AnobregaPonte da Barca
AnobraAnobra in Condeixa-a-Nova. Likely derived from ānniyobris "hill", "ring" (Cf. old Irish ainne "ring"),Prósper (2002) p. 376.
Arabrigaprobably Alenquer or between Sesimbra and Outão
Arcobicaprobably Torrão in Alcácer do Sal
Arcobrigaprobably near Braga
Aritium Praetoriumprobably Tamazim, near Bemposta
Aritium oppidum vetusCasal da Várzea
Aritium VetusAlvega in Abrantes
Aranniprobably near Ourique
Arandisnear Ourique
Ardila
ArmonaIlha de Armona
Auobriga/ *Aobrigain the Ave Valley region
Equabonna/AquabonaCoina in Barreiro
Auaron Pr.Carreiro in Póvoa de Varzim (Cape Santo André)
Axabrica/AxabrixXabregas
Boidobr(ig)a (?)Boidobra, in Covilhã. A combination of two elements:

  • boudi{{cite dictionary|authorlink=:fr:Xavier Delamarre|last=Delamarre|first=Xavier|year=2003|title=Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental|trans-title=Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic|volume=(Collection des Hespérides; 9), 3rd edition, Éditions Errance|publisher=Errance |isbn=978-2877722377|at=page boudi- of 83-84}} or *boudo- 'victory' (Welsh budd 'gain, benefit') and "briga".
BracaraBraga
BrigantiaBragança
Brita/s
BudensBudens
*Burrulobrigaaround Elvas
Caetobriga/Caetobrix/KaitobrixSetúbal
CaeilobricoiCastro Daire in Lamas de Moledo
Calabria > CaliabrigaCastelo Calabre in Vila Nova de Foz Côa
Caladunumprobably Vilar de Perdizes in Montalegre
CambraVale de Cambra (Aveiro), Casal de Cambra (Sintra)
CaleVila Nova de Gaia; Portucale; Portugal
Cantippo
Castellum AraocelumSão Cosmado in Mangualde
Catraleucus/ Contraleuco
CempsibrigaSesimbra
ColobreAlcolobre in Constância (Colobre, 935 C.E.): the first element derives from *kwolu- 'wheel'Matasovic (2009) s.v. kwol-u-.
ConimbrigaConímbriga, Condeixa-a-Nova; Coimbra (name only)
Civitas Aravorum Marialva
CollippoBatalha
Corumbriga
Cottaiobriganear Almeida
EboraÉvora
EburobrittiumÓbidos
*Elaneobrigaaround Braga
Evion
Ercobriga
EtobricoAlenquer
Jerabrica/Gerabrica/Hierabricabetween Lisbon and Santarém
JurumegnaJuromenha in Alandroal
LacobrigaLagos
LamecumLamego
LangobrigaFiães
castello Letiobriaround Braga
Lemos
LondobrisBerlengas
LongobrigaLongroiva in Mêda
LubrigosVila Real
Civitas Aravorum Marialva (Mêda)
Malaceca/MalatecaMarateca
MedrobigaMarvão
Meidubrigain Beira Alta
MirobrigaMiróbriga
MirobrigaMontemor o Velho
Meribriga/Merebrigain Alentejo
Merobrigaprobably Sines or near river Mira
Montobriga/Mundobrigaaround Castelo de Vide
MoronAlmorol or Montalvão
OcelumFerro probably in Covilhã
PendraganumPedrógão Grande
SeliobrigaSão Martinho de Pedrulhais in Sepins
SenabrigaSeia
TalabrigaLamas do Vouga
TalabrigaPonte de Lima, Estourãos
Tameobriganear Paiva and Douro
TerenaTerena
Tongobriga/ TuntobrigaFreixo, Marco de Canaveses
Tur(o)lobrigaaround Chaves
Uxonoba
Vicus Camalocensisaround Crato
Vicus VeniensisCabeço de Lameirão in Meimoa
VipascaAljustrel

List of rivers

class="wikitable"
Celtic name

! Modern name

Arda from Proto-Celtic *ardwo- {{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/61167870/An-Etymological-Lexicon-of-Proto-Celtic|title=An Etymological Lexicon of Proto-Celtic | Languages of Europe | Philology}}Arda
Latinised Arduinna from Celtic *ardwo- hight, related to forests, Goddess of the forests {{Cite web | url=http://www.celtnet.org.uk/gods_a/arduinna.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110174123/http://www.celtnet.org.uk/gods_a/arduinna.html | url-status=usurped | archive-date=November 10, 2007 | title=Inactive }}Ardena
Ardila *same as aboveArdila
Latinised Arauca from Celtic{{Cite web|url=https://www.infopedia.pt/dicionarios/toponimia/Arouca|title = Arouca | Definição ou significado de Arouca no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia}}Arouca
Latinised Arauca from Celtic{{Cite web|url=https://www.infopedia.pt/dicionarios/toponimia/Arouca|title = Arouca | Definição ou significado de Arouca no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia}}Arouce
Latinised Arauca from Celtic{{Cite web|url=https://www.infopedia.pt/dicionarios/toponimia/Arouca|title = Arouca | Definição ou significado de Arouca no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia}}Arunca
Latinised Cavalum from Celtic/Gaulish *caballos - horse{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/etymologiconmag00whitgoog | page=[https://archive.org/details/etymologiconmag00whitgoog/page/n204 158] | quote=caballos celtic etymology. | title=Etymologicon magnum, or Universal etymological dictionary, on a new plan [By W. Whiter]| last1=Whiter| first1=Walter| year=1800| publisher=Cambridge [England] Printed by F. Hodson, for the author }}Cavalum
LethesLima
MiniusMinho
Munda, Latinised Mundaecus or MondaecusMondego
Latinised Tamaga, likely from Tamaca{{Cite web|url=https://www.infopedia.pt/dicionarios/toponimia/Tâmega|title = Tâmega | Definição ou significado de Tâmega no Dicionário Infopédia de Toponímia}}Tâmega

References

{{Reflist}}

  • Falileyev. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090731025816/http://cadair.aber.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/2160/282/5/ContCelticPNDictionary.pdf Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-Names]. Aberystwyth University
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=tJIfAAAAMAAJ&q=Dictionary+of+Greek+and+Roman+Geography Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography]
  • Gamito, Teresa. [http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_11/gamito_6_11.html The Celts in Portugal]. Universidade do Algarve. E-Keltoi. Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. Volume 6. The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula]
  • Freire,José. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120206114400/http://www.csarmento.uminho.pt/docs/ndat/rg/RGVE1999_015.pdf "A Toponímia Céltica e os vestígios de cultura material da Proto-História de Portugal"]. Revista de Guimarães, Volume Especial, I, Guimarães, 1999, pp. 265–275
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20040611215344/http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Mapa pormenorizado dos Povos Pré-Romanos da Península Ibérica (200 AC)]
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=LJMMcdLg7FcC&dq=Setobriga&pg=RA7-PA714]
  • [http://viasromanas.planetaclix.pt/ Vias Romanas em Portugal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212004353/http://viasromanas.planetaclix.pt/ |date=2021-02-12 }}
  • Juan, Alonso. [http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_15/garcia_alonso_6_15.html -Briga Toponyms in the Iberian Peninsula]. University of Salamanca. E-Keltoi. Journal of Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies. Volume 6. "The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula"
  • Buchanan, George. [https://archive.org/details/historyscotland01buchgoog/page/n212 The history of Scotland... to the present time]. pg 108
  • Hazlitt, {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070911232831/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/gazetteer/0192.html The Classical Gazetteer]}}. Ancient Library. pg 190]
  • [http://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-76925/ Braganca Bragança, or Braganza, or Brigantia, or Juliobriga (Portugal)] Encyclopædia Britannica online
  • [http://arkeotavira.com/necropole/cidades-romanas/cidades.pdf Atlas das Cidades Romanas em Portugal]
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=KmYtAAAAMAAJ&dq=corumbriga&pg=RA2-PA183 "Corumbriga"] The Cambrian Journal. Cambrian Institute p 183
  • [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/2/4*.html Ptolemy's Geography]. Book II, Chapter 4. Location of Lusitania Hispania (Second Map of Europe.Lacus Curtius]
  • Perestrello da Câmara, Paulo. [https://books.google.com/books?id=MksQAAAAYAAJ&dq=Catraleucus&pg=RA3-PA493 Diccionario geographico, historico, politico e litterario do reino de Portugal e seus Domínios] pg 494 (two Mirobrigas)
  • Bautista de Castro, João. [https://books.google.com/books?id=LQsIAAAAQAAJ&dq=Contraleucos&pg=PA18 Mappa de Portugal], pg 18 (Catraleucus)
  • Pérez Vilatela, Luciano. [https://books.google.com/books?id=rwFnYh9zkgAC&dq=dos+Arc%C3%B3briga&pg=PT69 Lusitania: Historia y etnología] pg.7 (two Arcobrigas in Lusitânia)
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=0OUNAAAAYAAJ&dq=arcobriga++lusitania&pg=PA81 Memorias de la Real Academia de la historia]. pg 81 Real Academia de la Historia. (three Arcobrigas)
  • Alarcão,Jorge. [http://www.ipa.min-cultura.pt/pubs/RPA/v7n2/folder/10.pdf Notas de arqueologia, epigrafia e toponímia – II]
  • Guerra, Amílcar. [http://www.ipa.min-cultura.pt/pubs/RPA/v7n2/folder/11.pdf Caepiana: uma reavaliação crítica do problema da sua localização e enquadramento histórico]. IPA Ministério da Cultura. (Longroiva)
  • Alarcão,Jorge. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080315175435/http://www.ipa.min-cultura.pt/pubs/RPA/v8n2/folder/293-311.pdf Notas de arqueologia, epigrafia e toponímia – III] (Valabriga-Merobriga)
  • Guerra, Amílcar. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081209113629/http://www.dpz.es/ifc2/libros/ebook2622.pdf POVOS, CULTURA E LÍNGUA NO OCIDENTE PENINSULAR: UMA PERSPECTIVA, A PARTIR DA TOPONOMÁSTICA] Acta Palaeohispanica IX Palaeohispanica 5, (2005), pp 814–817]
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=PPFpEh5qJcEC&dq=celta+anobrega&pg=PA10 Los topónimos: Sus blasones y trofeos (la toponimia Mítica)] pg 10 (Anobrega)
  • Nascentes, Antenor. (1932) Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa. (ref. Xabregas)

See also