Login
Login

List of Lushootseed-speaking peoples

{{short description|none}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}}

The Lushootseed-speaking peoples, sometimes known as the Lushootseed people,{{Citation |last=Hess |first=Thom |title=Introduction |work=Lushootseed Reader with Introductory Grammar, vol I.}}{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=Jay |author-link=Jay Miller (anthropologist) |date=1997 |title=Back to Basics: Chiefdoms in Puget Sound |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/483373 |journal=Ethnohistory |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=375–387 |doi=10.2307/483373 |jstor=483373 |issn=0014-1801}} are a group of peoples Indigenous to the Pacific Northwest who are linguistically related along the Lushootseed dialect continuum.

Lushootseed-speaking groups were traditionally politically autonomous at the local, or village, level, so there was no historical term to refer to all Lushootseed-speaking peoples.{{Cite book |last=Collins |first=June M. |title=Valley of the Spirits: The Upper Skagit Indians of Western Washington |year=1974}} Words like {{Langx|lut|(dxʷ)ləšucid ʔacʔaciɬtalbixʷ|label=none}} or {{Langx|lut|ʔacʔaciɬtalbixʷ kʷi gʷədxʷləšucideb|label=none}} (lit. "Lushootseed peoples" or "Peoples who speak Lushootseed") are sometimes used in modern times.{{Cite book |last=Waterman |first=T.T. |title=sdaʔdaʔ gʷəɬ dibəɬ ləšucid ʔacaciɬtalbixʷ – Puget Sound Geographical Names |publisher=Lushootseed Press |year=2001 |location=Seattle}}

All historically attested extended village groups or bands are listed, grouped by modern-day tribal units, sub-units, and further sub-units:

Northern Lushootseed

Northern Lushootseed ({{Langx|lut|dxʷləšucid|label=none}}) is spoken by peoples living generally in Island, Skagit, Snohomish, and parts of Whatcom counties. Northern Lushootseed-speaking communities include:

  • Upper Skagit – {{Lang|ska|sqaǰətabš}}
  • Nuwhaha – dxʷʔaha{{Rp|page=4}}
  • Lake Whatcom village – sx̌ačuʔabš{{Cite book |last1=Richardson |first1=Allan |title=Nooksack Place Names: Geography, Culture, and Language |last2=Galloway |first2=Brent |publisher=UBC Press |year=2011 |location=Vancouver}}
  • Lake Samish village – stiksabš{{Rp|page=20}}
  • Nookachamps – duqʷəčabš{{Cite book |last1=Bates |first1=Dawn |title=Lushootseed Dictionary |last2=Hess |first2=Thom |last3=Hilbert |first3=Vi |publisher=University of Washington Press |year=1994 |isbn=0-295-97323-4 |location=Seattle}}{{Rp|page=85}}
  • Mount Vernon village – dᶻalqahabš{{Rp|page=16}}
  • Big Lake village - cəlaɬabš{{Rp|page=43}}
  • Mesekwegwils – bəsikʷigʷilc{{Rp|page=39}}
  • Chobaabish – čubəʔabš{{Rp|page=66}}
  • Baslo'alo – baslux̌ʔalux̌
  • Smaliwhu – sbaliʔxʷ{{Rp|page=33}}
  • Silayucid – sʔilayucid
  • Beskayucid – bəsq̓ixʷucid
  • Miskaiwhu – bəsq̓ixʷixʷ{{Rp|page=187}}
  • Kwabatsabsh – k̓ʷabacabš
  • Sauk – saʔqʷəbixʷ{{Cite web |title=Sauk-Suiattle – Index |url=https://sauk-suiattle.com/ |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=sauk-suiattle.com}}
  • Suiattle – suyaƛ̕bixʷ
  • Stillaguamish – stuləgʷabš{{Rp|page=230}}
  • Quadsack – qʷacaʔkʷbixʷ
  • Swinomish – swədəbš{{Rp|page=246}}
  • Squinamish – sqʷədəbš{{Rp|page=190}}
  • Kikiallus – kikiyalus{{Rp|page=119}}
  • (Lower) Skagit – sqaǰətabš
  • Snohomish – {{Lang|sno|sduhubš}}
  • Quil Ceda – qʷəl̕sidəʔəbš{{Rp|page=190}}
  • Whidbey Island Snohomish – dəgʷasx̌abš{{Rp|page=79}}
  • Sdodohobsh – sduduhubš
  • N'Quentlmamish – dxʷkʷiƛ̕əbabš{{Rp|page=126}}

Southern Lushootseed

Southern Lushootseed, otherwise known as Twulshootseed ({{Lang|slh|txʷəlšucid}}){{Cite web |title=Puyallup Tribal Language – Home |url=https://www.puyalluptriballanguage.org/ |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=www.puyalluptriballanguage.org}} is spoken by the various peoples, historical and contemporary, located in King, Pierce, Thurston, Mason, and Kitsap counties. Southern Lushootseed communities include:

  • Skykomish – sq̓ixʷəbš
  • Staktalijamish – st̕aq̓taliǰabš
  • Upper Skykomish/Index people – bəsx̌əx̌əx̌əlč
  • Duwamish – dxʷdəwʔabš
  • Shilshole – šilšulabš
  • Hachuamish – x̌ačuʔabš
  • Thornton Creek band – dəxʷx̌ʷubilabš
  • Union Bay band – sluʔwiɬabš
  • Renton band
  • May Creek band – šabalʔtxʷabš
  • Stkehlmish – saʔcaqaɬəbš
  • Juanita Creek band – təbɬtubixʷ
  • Sammamish – sc̓ababš
  • Stkamish – stəqabš
  • Suquamish – dxʷsəq̓ʷəbš{{Cite web |title=The Suquamish Tribe – Home of the Suquamish People |url=https://suquamish.nsn.us/ |access-date=2023-09-24 |language=en-US}}
  • Saktamish – sx̌aq̓tabš
  • Puyallup – spuyaləpabš
  • Hylebos Creek band – sx̌ax̌ƛ̕abš{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=Marian W. |date=1941 |title=The Coast Salish of Puget Sound |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/662952 |journal=American Anthropologist |volume=43 |issue=2 |pages=197–211 |doi=10.1525/aa.1941.43.2.02a00050 |jstor=662952 }}
  • Clarks Creek band – txʷskʷaqʷabš
  • Simons Creek band – sqʷədabš
  • Homamish – sxʷəbabš{{Cite news |last=Hutchinson |first=Chase |date=March 1, 2021 |title=Estuary has new name, honoring tribe; you'll need to watch a video to pronounce it. |work=The News Tribune |url=https://www.thenewstribune.com/news/local/community/gateway/g-news/article249532025.html |access-date=2023-09-24}}
  • Shotlemamish – dəxʷsx̌əƛ̕əbabš
  • Steilacoom – č̓tilqʷəbabš
  • Clover Creek band
  • Nisqually – dxʷsqʷaliʔabš{{Cite web |title=:: Nisqually Indian Tribe Home Page |url=http://www.nisqually-nsn.gov/ |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=www.nisqually-nsn.gov}}
  • Sequalitchew – sčəgʷaličabš
  • Lower Nisqually
  • Clear Creek band
  • Nisqually Lake band
  • Muck Creek band
  • Meshal/Mashel – bəšalabš
  • Squaxin Island – sqʷax̌sədəbš{{Cite web |title=Who We Are – Squaxin Island Tribe |url=https://squaxinisland.org/government/who-we-are/ |access-date=2023-09-24 |language=en-US}}
  • Sahewamish – shiʔwəbš
  • T'Peeksin – təpikʷšədabš
  • Squiatl – sk̓ʷəyaiɬəbš
  • Stechass – st̕č̓asəbš
  • Nusechatl – dəxʷč̓ič̓aʔaɬabš

= Whulshootseed =

Whulshootseed (xʷəlšucid) refers to the large subdialect of Southern Lushootseed spoken by the Snoqualmie and Muckleshoot peoples.

  • Snoqualmie – sdukʷalbixʷ
  • Tolt band – x̌alalʔtxʷabš{{Cite journal |last=Tollefson |first=Kenneth D. |date=1987 |title=The Snoqualmie: A Puget Sound Chiefdom |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3773450 |journal=Ethnology |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=124 |doi=10.2307/3773450 |jstor=3773450 }}
  • Upper Snoqualmie/North Bend band – baqʷababš
  • Fall City band
  • Muckleshoot – bəqəlšuɬ
  • Skopamish – sxʷq̓ʷupabš
  • Yilalkoamish – ʔilalqʷuʔabš
  • Soos/Susabsh – sʔusabš
  • Smulkamish – sbalqʷuʔabš
  • Stuck River band – stəx̌ʷabš
  • Upper Puyallup
  • Tkwakwamish – dxʷxʷaq̓ʷabš
  • South Prairie Creek band

See also

References

{{reflist}}

= Bibliography =

  • {{Cite book |last=Hess |first=Thom |title=Lushootseed Reader with Introductory Grammar |publisher=Tulalip Tribes |year=1995 |isbn=1879763117 |series= |volume=I |location=Dallas |lccn=95-060060}}

{{Lushootseed navbox}}

Category:Coast Salish