List of Martian canals

This is an incomplete list of Martian canals from the erroneous belief in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that "Martian canals" existed on the surface of the red planet.{{cite magazine|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/100-years-ago-riddle-of-mars/|title=100 Years Ago in Scientific American – The Riddle of Mars|magazine=Scientific American|date=1907|page=393|access-date=21 February 2019}}{{cite journal|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/082489d0|title=The New Canals of Mars|author=Percival Lowell|issue=2104|pages=489–491|journal=Nature|date=24 February 1910|volume=82 |doi=10.1038/082489d0 |bibcode=1910Natur..82R.489L |s2cid=5396720 |access-date=21 February 2019|author-link=Percival Lowell|doi-access=free}} These canals were named by Giovanni Schiaparelli and Percival Lowell, amongst others, after real and legendary rivers of various places on Earth or the mythological underworld. A partial list of names are provided below with the regions that the canals were thought to connect.{{cite book | title=Mars and Its Canals: Classic RePrint | author=Percival Lowell | isbn= 978-1440039843 | publisher=Forgotten Books | date=11 January 2019 | author-link=Percival Lowell }}{{cite web | author=Percival Lowell | url=http://www.wanderer.org/references/lowell/Mars/chap04.html|title=Mars. Chapter IV. Canals|access-date=21 February 2019|publisher=Wanderer.org| author-link=Percival Lowell}}

A

class="wikitable" !Name !Pronunciation !Locationˈ !Source of name
Acalandrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|æ\|k\|ə\|ˈ\|l\|æ\|n\|d\|r\|ə\|s}}		From a stream in Lucania, Italy, now called Calandro
Acampsis	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|k\|æ\|m\|p\|s\|ɪ\|s}}		From a river in Pontus that flowed into the Black Sea, now called Çoruh/Chorokhi
Acesines	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|s\|ɪ\|ˈ\|s\|aɪ\|n\|iː\|z}}		From a Sicilian river, now called Cantara; also the name of Chenab, one of the rivers of the Punjab
Achana	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|æ\|k\|ə\|n\|ə}}		From a river in northern Arabia
Achates	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|k\|eɪ\|t\|iː\|z}}		From a Sicilian river now called the Drillo, in which agates were found
Acheloüs	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|æ\|k\|ɪ\|ˈ\|l\|oʊ\|ə\|s}}		From Achelous, a river in western Greece
Acheron	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|æ\|k\|ər\|ɒ\|n}}		From Acheron, both a real river in Epirus and a mythical river of Hades
Acis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|eɪ\|s\|ɪ\|s}}		From a Sicilian river now called Fiume di Iaci
Aeacus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|iː\|ə\|k\|ə\|s}}	N to S: runs through Cebrenia to the junction of Styx and Boreas canals
Aeolus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|iː\|oʊ\|l\|ə\|s}}		From Aeolus, keeper of the winds in Greek mythology
Aesis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|iː\|s\|ɪ\|s}}		From an Italian river, now called Fiumesino
Aethiops	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|iː\|θ\|i\|ɒ\|p\|s}}		Means "the Ethiopian"
Agathodaemon	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|æ\|ɡ\|ə\|θ\|oʊ\|ˈ\|d\|iː\|m\|ɒ\|n}}	N to S: connects Tithonius Lacus to Aonius Sinus, opposite Protei Regio; just W of Aurea Cherso	Means "good spirit"
Alcyonius	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|æ\|l\|s\|i\|ˈ\|oʊ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}
Alpheus	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|l\|ˈ\|f\|iː\|ə\|s}}	Runs NS through Hellas	From the river Alpheios in the Peloponnesus of Greece
Ambrosia	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|m\|ˈ\|b\|r\|oʊ\|ʒ\|i\|ə}}	S to N: connects Solis Lacus with Bosphorus Gemmatus, running through Thaumasia	From ambrosia, the legendary food of the gods
Amenthes	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|m\|ɛ\|n\|θ\|iː\|z}}
Amphrysus	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|m\|ˈ\|f\|r\|aɪ\|s\|ə\|s}}		From a Thessalian river, now called Armiro
Amystis	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|m\|ɪ\|s\|t\|ɪ\|s}}		From a river of India
Anapus	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|n\|eɪ\|p\|ə\|s}}		From an Acarnanian or Sicilian river
Anian	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|eɪ\|n\|i\|æ\|n}}		After the Strait of Anián, a mythical water passage in the American northwest
Antaeus	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|n\|ˈ\|t\|iː\|ə\|s}}	NW to SE: from the junction of Cerberus and Eunostos canals to the Atlantis region	From Antaeus, son of Earth, a gigantic opponent of Heracles
Anubis	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|nj\|uː\|b\|ɪ\|s}}		From the Egyptian god Anubis
Apis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|eɪ\|p\|ɪ\|s}}		From the Egyptian god Apis
Araxes	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|r\|æ\|k\|s\|iː\|z}}	E to W: connects Phoenicis Lacus with the E end of Mare Sirenum	From Araxes, a river in eastern Anatolia, northern Iran
Argaeus	{{IPAc-en\|ɑːr\|ˈ\|dʒ\|iː\|ə\|s}}	Flows S from pole to junction of Pyramus and Pierius canals
Arges	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɑːr\|dʒ\|iː\|z}}
Arnon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɑːr\|n\|ɒ\|n}}	N to S: connects Arethusa Lacus to Ismenius Lacus	From the small river Arnon now in the Kingdom of Jordan
Aroeris		NE to SW: from "Copais Palus" to Ismenius Lacus
Arosis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ær\|oʊ\|s\|ɪ\|s}}
Arsanias	{{IPAc-en\|ɑːr\|ˈ\|s\|eɪ\|n\|i\|æ\|s}}		From an Armenian river
Artanes	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɑːr\|t\|ə\|n\|iː\|z}}
Ascanius	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|s\|ˈ\|k\|eɪ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}		From the Trojan Ascanius, son of Aeneas
Asclepius	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|s\|ˈ\|k\|l\|iː\|p\|i\|ə\|s}}		From the Greek deity of healing Asclepius
Asopus	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|s\|oʊ\|p\|ə\|s}}
Astaboras	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|s\|ˈ\|t\|æ\|b\|ɔːr\|æ\|s}}	E to W: connects Syrtis Major to Ismenius Lacus	From a name for the Atbarah river, a branch of the upper Nile
Astapus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|æ\|s\|t\|ə\|p\|ə\|s}}		From a name for the Blue Nile river
Astusapes	{{IPAc-en\|æ\|s\|ˈ\|tj\|uː\|s\|ə\|p\|iː\|z}}		From a name for the White Nile river
Atax	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|eɪ\|t\|æ\|k\|s}}
Athesis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|æ\|θ\|ɪ\|s\|ɪ\|s}}		From the river Adige in Venezia
Athyr	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|eɪ\|θ\|ɪər}}		From a form of the name of the Egyptian goddess Hathor
Avernus	{{IPAc-en\|ə\|ˈ\|v\|ɛər\|n\|ə\|s}}	NE to SW: connects Ammonii Fons to the E end of Mare Cimmerium via Aquae Apollinaris	From Avernus, a river of Hades
Avus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|eɪ\|v\|ə\|s}}
Axius	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|æ\|k\|s\|i\|ə\|s}}
Axon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|æ\|k\|s\|ɒ\|n}}

B-D

class="wikitable"
Bactrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|b\|æ\|k\|t\|r\|ə\|s}}		From a river of Bactria
Baetis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|b\|iː\|t\|ɪ\|s}}		From the classical name of the Guadalquivir river
Bathys	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|b\|eɪ\|θ\|ɪ\|s}}		From a river of Pontus
Bautis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|b\|ɔː\|t\|ɪ\|s}}
Belus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|b\|iː\|l\|ə\|s}}
Boreas	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|b\|ɔːr\|i\|æ\|s}}	E to W: connects Propontis to Anian canal	From Boreas, the Greek name for the North Wind
Boreosyrtis	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|b\|ɔːr\|i\|oʊ\|ˈ\|s\|ɪər\|t\|ɪ\|s}}	E to W in curve between Utopia and Dioscuria
Brontes	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|b\|r\|ɒ\|n\|t\|iː\|z}}
Cadmus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|æ\|d\|m\|ə\|s}}		From the Greek hero Cadmus
Caicus		\|
Callirrhoë	{{IPAc-en\|k\|ə\|ˈ\|l\|ɪr\|oʊ\|i}}		Means "flowing beautifully"
Cambyses		\|
Cantabras		\|
Carpis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|ɑːr\|p\|ɪ\|s}}
Casius	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|eɪ\|ʒ\|i\|ə\|s}}	NW to SE: connects Copaïs Palus to Nodus Alcyonius
Casuentus	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|k\|æ\|zj\|u\|ˈ\|eɪ\|n\|t\|ə\|s}}
Catarrhactes	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|k\|æ\|t\|ə\|ˈ\|r\|æ\|k\|t\|iː\|z}}
Caÿster	{{IPAc-en\|k\|eɪ\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|t\|ər}}		–
Cedron	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|iː\|d\|r\|ɒ\|n}}	NW to SE; connects the Jaxartes canal to Arethusa Lacus	From the Brook of Cedron near Jerusalem
Centrites		\|
Cephissus	{{IPAc-en\|s\|ɪ\|ˈ\|f\|ɪ\|s\|ə\|s}}		From any of several rivers in Greece called Cephissus
Ceraunius	{{IPAc-en\|s\|ɪəˈr\|ɔː\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}	A broad canal, or pair of canals, running NS from Tharsis down to between Tempe and Arcadia
Cerberus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|ɛər\|b\|ər\|ə\|s}}	NE to SW: connects Trivium Charontis to the W end of Mare Cimmerium	From the name of the dog Cerberus that guards the gates of Hades
Cestrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|ɛ\|s\|t\|r\|ə\|s}}
Chaboras		\|
Chretes	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|r\|iː\|t\|iː\|z}}
Choaspes	{{IPAc-en\|k\|oʊ\|ˈ\|æ\|s\|p\|iː\|z}}		From Choaspes, a river of Susiana, Persia
Chrysas	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|r\|aɪ\|s\|æ\|s}}
Chrysorrhoas	{{IPAc-en\|k\|r\|aɪ\|ˈ\|s\|ɒr\|oʊ\|æ\|s}}	N to S: connects Lunae Lacus to Tithonius Lacus	Means "flowing with gold"
Cinyphus		\|
Clitumnus	{{IPAc-en\|k\|l\|aɪ\|ˈ\|t\|ʌ\|m\|n\|ə\|s}}
Clodianus	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|k\|l\|ɒ\|d\|i\|ˈ\|eɪ\|n\|ə\|s}}
Cocytus	{{IPAc-en\|k\|oʊ\|ˈ\|s\|aɪ\|t\|ə\|s}}		Named for Cocytus, a mythical river of Hades
Cophen	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|oʊ\|f\|ɛ\|n}}
Coprates		\|
Corax	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|ɔːr\|æ\|k\|s}}
Cyaneus	{{IPAc-en\|s\|aɪ\|ˈ\|eɪ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}
Cyclops	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|aɪ\|k\|l\|ɒ\|p\|s}}	Southern continuation of Galaxias canal, running from the junction of Cerberus and Eunostos to Mare Cimmerium	Named for the one-eyed monster Cyclops of Greek myth
Cydnus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|ɪ\|d\|n\|ə\|s}}
Cyrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|aɪ\|r\|ə\|s}}
Daemon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|d\|iː\|m\|ɒ\|n}}
Daix		\|
Daradax		\|
Dardanus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|d\|ɑːr\|d\|ə\|n\|ə\|s}}	E to W: connects Niliacus Lacus to Ceraunius canal
Dargamenes		\|
Deuteronilus	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|dj\|uː\|t\|ər\|oʊ\|ˈ\|n\|aɪ\|l\|ə\|s}}	E to W: connects Ismenius Lacus to Niliacus Lacus via Dirce Fons	Means 'Second Nile'
Digentia	{{IPAc-en\|d\|aɪ\|ˈ\|dʒ\|ɛ\|n\|ʃ\|i\|ə}}
Dosaron		\|
Drahonus		\|

E-F

class="wikitable"
Elison		\|
Eosphoros	{{IPAc-en\|i\|ˈ\|ɒ\|s\|f\|ɔːr\|ɒ\|s}}	NW to SE: connects Phoenicis Lacus to Solis Lacus	Means "bringer of dawn"
Erannoboas	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|ɛr\|ə\|ˈ\|n\|ɒ\|b\|oʊ\|æ\|s}}		A river of India
Erebus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɛr\|ɪ\|b\|ə\|s}}		From Erebus, a name for the Underworld
Erigone	{{IPAc-en\|ɪəˈr\|ɪ\|ɡ\|oʊ\|n\|i}}
Erinaeus	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|ɛr\|ɪ\|ˈ\|n\|iː\|ə\|s}}
Erinnys	{{IPAc-en\|ɪəˈr\|ɪ\|n\|ɪ\|s}}	E to W: connects the W end of Mare Sirenum to Titanum Sinus in Memnonia	From the mythical Erinyes
Erymanthus	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|ɛr\|ɪ\|ˈ\|m\|æ\|n\|θ\|ə\|s}}
Eulaeus	{{IPAc-en\|j\|uː\|ˈ\|l\|iː\|ə\|s}}
Eumenides	{{IPAc-en\|j\|uː\|ˈ\|m\|ɛ\|n\|ɪ\|d\|iː\|z}}	NW to SE: the SE continuation of Orcus canal, from Nodus Gordii to Phoenicis Lacus	From another name for the Erinyes
Eunostos	{{IPAc-en\|j\|uː\|ˈ\|n\|ɒ\|s\|t\|ɒ\|s}}
Euphrates	{{IPAc-en\|j\|uː\|ˈ\|f\|r\|eɪ\|t\|iː\|z}}	N to S: connects Sinus Sabaeus to Ismenius Lacus	From the river Euphrates in Mesopotamia, one of the four rivers of the Garden of Eden
Euripus	{{IPAc-en\|j\|ʊəˈr\|aɪ\|p\|ə\|s}}	SE to NW, connects Mare Tyrrhenum and Mare Hadriaticum, running through Ausonia	After the strait between Euboea and Boeotia
Eurotas	{{IPAc-en\|j\|ʊəˈr\|oʊ\|t\|æ\|s}}		After the river Eurotas in Greece
Eurymedon	{{IPAc-en\|j\|ʊəˈr\|ɪ\|m\|ɪ\|d\|ɒ\|n}}
Eurypus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|j\|ʊər\|ɪ\|p\|ə\|s}}
Evenus	{{IPAc-en\|ɪ\|ˈ\|v\|iː\|n\|ə\|s}}		aka Euenus {{IPAc-en\|j\|u\|ˈ\|iː\|n\|ə\|s}}
Feuos	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|f\|j\|uː\|ɒ\|s}}		aka Fevos [ ˈfivɒs ]
Fortunae	{{IPAc-en\|f\|ɔːr\|ˈ\|tj\|uː\|n\|i}}		Means "of Fortune"

G-H

class="wikitable"
Gaesus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|dʒ\|iː\|s\|ə\|s}}
Galaesus	{{IPAc-en\|ɡ\|ə\|ˈ\|l\|iː\|s\|ə\|s}}
Galaxias	{{IPAc-en\|ɡ\|ə\|ˈ\|l\|æ\|k\|s\|i\|æ\|s}}	N to S: from Anian to the junction of Cerberus and Eunostos S of Elysium
Ganges	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɡ\|æ\|n\|dʒ\|iː\|z}}	N to S: connects Lunae Lacus to Aurorae Sinus	From the Ganges, a river of India
Ganymede	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɡ\|æ\|n\|ɪ\|m\|iː\|d}}		From Ganymede, the cupbearer of Zeus
Garrhuenus		\|
Gehon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|dʒ\|iː\|ɒ\|n}}	N to S: connects Mare Acidalium to the W end of Sinus Sabaeus	From Gihon, one of the four rivers of Eden Also spelled Gihon [ ˈdʒajɒn ]
Gigas	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|dʒ\|aɪ\|ɡ\|æ\|s}}	NE to SW: connects Ascraeus Lacus to Titanum Sinus via Lucus Maricae	From the mythical monsters called Gigantes
Glaucus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɡ\|l\|ɔː\|k\|ə\|s}}
Gorgon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɡ\|ɔːr\|ɡ\|ɒ\|n}}	Connects Mare Sirenum and the Eumenides canal near Nodus Gordii	From the mythical monster Gorgon
Gyes	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|dʒ\|aɪ\|iː\|z}}
Gyndes	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|dʒ\|ɪ\|n\|d\|iː\|z}}		From a river flowing into the Tigris
Hades	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|eɪ\|d\|iː\|z}}	N to S: connects Trivium Charontis and Propontis	From the Greek name for the Underworld and its ruling deity, Hades
Halys	{{IPAc-en\|h\|eɪ\|l\|ɪ\|s}}
Harpasus		\|
Hebe	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|iː\|b\|i}}
Hebrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|iː\|b\|r\|ə\|s}}
Heliconius	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|h\|ɛ\|l\|ɪ\|ˈ\|k\|oʊ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}	E to W: connects Sithonius Lacus to Copaïs Palus
Helisson	{{IPAc-en\|h\|ɪ\|ˈ\|l\|ɪ\|s\|ɒ\|n}}
Hephaestus	{{IPAc-en\|h\|ɪ\|ˈ\|f\|ɛ\|s\|t\|ə\|s}}		From the god Hephaestus
Heratemis		\|
Hiddekel	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|ɪ\|d\|ɪ\|k\|ɛ\|l}}	NE to SW: connects Ismenius Lacus to Fastigium Aryn at the western end of Sinus Sabaeus	From the Hebrew name for the Tigris, a river of Mesopotamia and one of the four rivers of Eden
Hipparis		\|
Hippus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|ɪ\|p\|ə\|s}}
Hyblaeus	{{IPAc-en\|h\|ɪ\|ˈ\|b\|l\|iː\|ə\|s}}	NE to SW: connects Anian canal to Hephaestus canal
Hyctanis		\|
Hydaspes	{{IPAc-en\|h\|aɪ\|ˈ\|d\|æ\|s\|p\|iː\|z}}		From the Greek name for the Jhelum river of India
Hydraotes	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|h\|ɪ\|d\|r\|eɪ\|ˈ\|oʊ\|t\|iː\|z}}	SE to NW; connects Margaritifer Sinus to Lunae Lacus	After the Greek name for the Ravi river of India
Hydriacus		\|
Hylias		\|
Hyllus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|ɪ\|l\|ə\|s}}
Hyphasis		\|
Hypsas	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|ɪ\|p\|s\|ə\|s}}
Hyscus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|h\|ɪ\|s\|k\|ə\|s}}

I-M

class="wikitable"
Idalius	{{IPAc-en\|aɪ\|ˈ\|d\|eɪ\|l\|i\|ə\|s}}
Ilissus	{{IPAc-en\|aɪ\|ˈ\|l\|ɪ\|s\|ə\|s}}
Indus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|n\|d\|ə\|s}}	N to S: connects Niliacus Lacus to Margaritifer Sinus	From the Indus, a river of India
Iris	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|aɪər\|ɪ\|s}}	N to S: connects Phoenicis Lacus to Ceraunius canal	Named for the goddess of the rainbow Iris
Isis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|aɪ\|s\|ɪ\|s}}		From the Egyptian goddess Isis
Issedon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɪ\|s\|ɪ\|d\|ɒ\|n}}
Jamuna	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|dʒ\|æ\|m\|j\|uː\|n\|ə}}	N to S; connects Niliacus Lacus to Aurorae Sinus	From the Yamuna or Jumna, a river of India
Jaxartes	{{IPAc-en\|dʒ\|æ\|k\|ˈ\|s\|ɑːr\|t\|iː\|z}}		From an old name for the Syr Darya, a river of Transoxiana
Jordanis	{{IPAc-en\|dʒ\|ɔːr\|ˈ\|d\|eɪ\|n\|ɪ\|s}}		From the river Jordan in the Holy Land
Kison	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|k\|aɪ\|s\|ɒ\|n}}
Labotas
Laestrygon	{{IPAc-en\|l\|ɛ\|s\|ˈ\|t\|r\|aɪ\|ɡ\|ɒ\|n}}	N to S: connects Trivium Charontis to Mare Cimmerium
Leontes	{{IPAc-en\|l\|i\|ˈ\|ɒ\|n\|t\|iː\|z}}
Lethes	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|l\|iː\|θ\|iː\|z}}	N to S: connects Hephaestus canal to Syrtis Minor	From Lethe, a mythical river of Hades
Liris	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|l\|aɪər\|ɪ\|s}}
Maeander	{{IPAc-en\|m\|i\|ˈ\|æ\|n\|d\|ər}}
Magon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|m\|eɪ\|ɡ\|ɒ\|n}}
Malva	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|m\|æ\|l\|v\|ə}}		From the river Malua in Mauretania
Margus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|m\|ɑːr\|ɡ\|ə\|s}}
Medus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|m\|iː\|d\|ə\|s}}
Medusa	{{IPAc-en\|m\|ɪ\|ˈ\|dj\|uː\|s\|ə}}		From the mythical monster Medusa
Mogrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|m\|oʊ\|ɡ\|r\|ə\|s}}

N–O

class="wikitable"
Nectar	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|n\|ɛ\|k\|t\|ɑːr}}	Runs E from Solis Lacus to Nectaris Fons (near Protei Regio)	From nectar, the legendary drink of the gods
Neda	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|n\|iː\|d\|ə}}		A river of the Peloponnesus
Nepenthes	{{IPAc-en\|n\|ɪ\|ˈ\|p\|ɛ\|n\|θ\|iː\|z}}	NE to SW: from junction of Thoth and Triton canals to Syrtis Major via Lacus Moeris
Nereides	{{IPAc-en\|n\|ɪəˈr\|iː\|ə\|d\|iː\|z}}		From the nymphs called Nereids
Nestus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|n\|ɛ\|s\|t\|ə\|s}}		A river of Thrace
Neudrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|nj\|uː\|d\|r\|ə\|s}}		A river of India
Nilokeras	{{IPAc-en\|n\|aɪ\|ˈ\|l\|ɒ\|k\|ɪ\|r\|æ\|s}}	E to W: connects Niliacus Lacus with Lunae Lacus	Means "horn of the Nile"
Nilosyrtis	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|n\|ɪ\|l\|oʊ\|ˈ\|s\|ɪər\|t\|ɪ\|s}}	A broad canallike feature, running N from the tip of Syrtis Major to Coloë Palus
Nilus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|n\|aɪ\|l\|ə\|s}}		From the Nile, the river of Egypt
Nymphaeus	{{IPAc-en\|n\|ɪ\|m\|ˈ\|f\|iː\|ə\|s}}		A river of Armenia
Oceanus	{{IPAc-en\|oʊ\|ˈ\|s\|iː\|ə\|n\|ə\|s}}		From Oceanus, a mythical river surrounding the world and the Titan who shared its name
Ochus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|oʊ\|k\|ə\|s}}		A river of Bactriana
Opharus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɒ\|f\|ər\|ə\|s}}		A river of Sarmatia
Orcus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɔːr\|k\|ə\|s}}	NW to SE: connects Trivium Charontis to Nodus Gordii, where it turns into Eumenides canal	From Orcus, a synonym of Hades
Orontes	{{IPAc-en\|oʊ\|ˈ\|r\|ɒ\|n\|t\|iː\|z}}	E to SW: connects Serbonis Palus to Sabaeus Sinus	From the Orontes, a river of Syria
Orosines
Oxus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|ɒ\|k\|s\|ə\|s}}	NE to SW: connects the Deuteronilus and the Indus canals	From an old name for the Amu Darya, a river of Central Asia

P-R

class="wikitable"
Pactolus	{{IPAc-en\|p\|æ\|k\|ˈ\|t\|oʊ\|l\|ə\|s}}		From the river Pactolus in Anatolia
Padargus	{{IPAc-en\|p\|ə\|ˈ\|d\|ɑːr\|ɡ\|ə\|s}}
Palamnus	{{IPAc-en\|p\|ə\|ˈ\|l\|æ\|m\|n\|ə\|s}}
Parcae	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|p\|ɑːr\|s\|i}}
Peneus	{{IPAc-en\|p\|ɪ\|ˈ\|n\|iː\|ə\|s}}	Runs EW through Hellas	From the Peneios river in the Peloponnesus of Greece
Permessus	{{IPAc-en\|p\|ɛər\|ˈ\|m\|ɛ\|s\|ə\|s}}
Pierius	{{IPAc-en\|p\|aɪ\|ˈ\|ɪər\|i\|ə\|s}}	E to W: connects Copaïs Palus and Arethusa Lacus
Phasis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|f\|eɪ\|s\|ɪ\|s}}	N to S: connects Phoenicis Lacus and Aonius Sinus
Phison	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|f\|aɪ\|s\|ɒ\|n}}	N to S: connects Coloë Palus to Sinus Sabaeus	From Pishon, one of the four rivers of Eden
Phlegethon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|f\|l\|ɛ\|dʒ\|ɪ\|θ\|ɒ\|n}}		From the Phlegethon, a mythical river of Hades
Protonilus	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|p\|r\|ɒ\|t\|oʊ\|ˈ\|n\|aɪ\|l\|ə\|s}}	E to W: connects Coloë Palus and Ismenius Lacus	Means "first Nile"
Psychrus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|aɪ\|k\|r\|ə\|s}}
Pyramus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|p\|ɪr\|ə\|m\|ə\|s}}	S from pole via Copaïs Palus to junction of Boreosyrtis and Cadmus canals
Pyriphlegethon	{{IPAc-en\|ˌ\|p\|ɪr\|ɪ\|ˈ\|f\|l\|ɛ\|dʒ\|ɪ\|θ\|ɒ\|n}}	NW to SE: connecting Propontis and Lacus Phoenicis	From Pyriphlegethon ("fiery Phlegethon"), a mythical river of Hades
Python	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|p\|aɪ\|θ\|ɒ\|n}}		From the monster Python which Apollo killed
Rha	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|r\|eɪ}}		From a classical name for the river Volga
Rhyndacus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|r\|ɪ\|n\|d\|ə\|k\|ə\|s}}		From the classical river Rhyndacus in Anatolia

S-X

class="wikitable"
Scamander	{{IPAc-en\|s\|k\|ə\|ˈ\|m\|æ\|n\|d\|ər}}	S to N from Mare Chronium to Mare Cimmerium, between Electris and Eridania	From the river Scamander in the Troad
Sesamus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|ɛ\|s\|ə\|m\|ə\|s}}		From a Paphlagonian river
Simoïs	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|ɪ\|m\|oʊ\|ɪ\|s}}	S to N from Mare Chronium to Mare Cimmerium between Phaëthontis and Electris	From the river Simoïs in the Troad
Sirenius	{{IPAc-en\|s\|aɪ\|ˈ\|r\|iː\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}	N to S: connects the Tanais canal near Nerigos with the E end of Mare Sirenum	Means "of the Sirens
Siris	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|aɪər\|ɪ\|s}}		From an Italian river in Lucania
Sitacus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|ɪ\|t\|ə\|k\|ə\|s}}	NE to SW: connects Coloë Palus to Fastigium Aryn	From the name of a river in Persis
Steropes	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|t\|ɛr\|oʊ\|p\|iː\|z}}		From the name of a Cyclops
Styx	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|s\|t\|ɪ\|k\|s}}		From the mythical river Styx in Hades
Surius	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|sj\|ʊər\|i\|ə\|s}}		From a river of Colchis
Tanaïs	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|æ\|n\|eɪ\|.\|ɪ\|s}}		From Tanais, an old name for the river Don in Sarmatia
Tantalus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|æ\|n\|t\|ə\|l\|ə\|s}}		From Tantalus, a mythical king imprisoned in Hades
Tartarus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|ɑːr\|t\|ər\|ə\|s}}	N to S: connects Trivium Charontis to Titanum Sinus	From Tartarus, a name for the Underworld
Tedanius	{{IPAc-en\|t\|ɪ\|ˈ\|d\|eɪ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}		From an Illyrian river
Thermodon	{{IPAc-en\|θ\|ɛər\|ˈ\|m\|oʊ\|d\|ɒ\|n}}
Thoth	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|θ\|ɒ\|θ}}		From the name of the Egyptian god Thoth
Thyanis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|θ\|aɪ\|ə\|n\|ɪ\|s}}		Possibly an error for Thyamus, the name of a river of Epirus
Titan	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|aɪ\|t\|ən}}		From the Titans, the relatives and opponents of the gods
Tithonius	{{IPAc-en\|t\|aɪ\|ˈ\|θ\|oʊ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}
Triton	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|r\|aɪ\|t\|ɒ\|n}}	NW to SE: connects Nepenthes canal to the W end of Mare Cimmerium	From the seadeity Triton
Tyndis	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|ɪ\|n\|d\|ɪ\|s}}
Typhon	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|t\|aɪ\|f\|ɒ\|n}}	E to W: connects Deltoton Sinus to Sirbonis Palus
Typhonius	{{IPAc-en\|t\|aɪ\|ˈ\|f\|oʊ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}
Ulysses	{{IPAc-en\|j\|uː\|ˈ\|l\|ɪ\|s\|iː\|z}}		From Ulysses, the Roman name for Odysseus
Uranius	{{IPAc-en\|j\|ʊəˈr\|eɪ\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}	E to W: connects Lunae Lacus to Ascraeus Lacus
Xanthus	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|z\|æ\|n\|θ\|ə\|s}}	N to S: connects Mare Tyrrhenum to Promethei Sinus, between Eridania and Ausonia	Means "yellow"
Xenius	{{IPAc-en\|ˈ\|z\|iː\|n\|i\|ə\|s}}	NE to SW: connects Arethusa Lacus to Dirce Fons

Sources

{{cite book | title=Mars and Its Canals: Classic RePrint | author=Percival Lowell | isbn= 978-1440039843 | publisher=Forgotten Books | date=11 January 2019 | author-link=Percival Lowell }}
{{cite book | title=Mars and Its Canals | author=Percival Lowell | asin= B006X59J1M | publisher=The Macmillan Company | date=1 January 1908 | url=https://www.amazon.com/Mars-Its-Canals-Percival-Lowell/dp/B006X59J1M/ref=sr_1_6?keywords=Mars+and+its+canals&qid=1550778359&s=digital-text&sr=1-6-catcorr| author-link=Percival Lowell }}

References

External links

[https://www.census.gov/history/pdf/mars_and_its_canals.pdf Mars and Its Canals by Percival Lowell (1906)]
[http://www.sacred-texts.com/ufo/mars/plmars.htm Mars by Percival Lowell]

Mars