List of Starship launches
{{Short description|List of launches of SpaceX's fully reusable Starship}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{About|launches of the Starship vehicle|the suborbital flight tests of the upper stage|List of Starship upper stage flight tests}}
File:Starship-IFT2-ascent.jpg during Starship flight test 2]]
Since April 2023, the SpaceX Starship has been launched {{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunches}} times, with {{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunchSuccess}} successes and {{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunchFailure}} failures. The American company has developed Starship with the intention of lowering launch costs using economies of scale.{{Cite web |last=Dans |first=Enrique |title=Elon Musk's Economies Of Scale Won SpaceX The NASA Moonshot |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/enriquedans/2021/04/25/elon-musks-economies-of-scale-won-spacex-the-nasamoonshot/ |access-date=25 April 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en}} It aims to achieve this by reusing both rocket stages, increasing payload mass to orbit, increasing launch frequency, creating a mass-manufacturing pipeline and adapting it to a wide range of space missions.{{Cite news |last=Wattles |first=Jackie |date=29 September 2019 |title=Elon Musk says SpaceX's Mars rocket will be cheaper than he once thought. Here's why |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/29/business/elon-musk-spacex-mars-starship-cost/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230626040403/https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/29/business/elon-musk-spacex-mars-starship-cost/index.html |archive-date=26 June 2023 |access-date=3 January 2024 |work=CNN Business}}{{Cite web |last=Garofalo |first=Meredith |date=8 June 2024 |title=SpaceX wants to build 1 Starship megarocket a day with new Starfactory |url=https://www.space.com/spacex-starship-one-a-day-starfactory |access-date=10 June 2024 |website=Space.com |language=en}} Starship is the latest project in SpaceX's reusable launch system development program and plan to colonize Mars, and also one of two landing systems selected by NASA for the Artemis program's crewed Lunar missions.
SpaceX calls the entire launch vehicle "Starship", which consists of the Super Heavy first stage (booster) and the ambiguously-named Starship second stage (ship).{{Cite web |last=Amos |first=Jonathan |date=6 August 2021 |title=Biggest ever rocket is assembled briefly in Texas |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-58120874 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811063944/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-58120874 |archive-date=11 August 2021 |access-date=30 May 2022 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB}} There are three versions of Starship: Block 1, (also known as Starship 1, Version 1, or V1) which is retired, Block 2, which first flew in Starship flight test 7, and Block 3, which is still in development. As of January 2025, 6 Block 1 vehicles and {{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalBlock2Launches}} Block 2 vehicle have flown;{{Cite web |last=Berger |first=Eric |date=8 April 2024 |title=Elon Musk just gave another Mars speech—this time the vision seems tangible |url=https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/04/elon-musk-just-gave-another-mars-speech-this-time-the-vision-seems-tangible/ |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}} with the last Block 1 ship completing its mission in November 2024. Both Starship's first and second stages are planned to be reusable, and are planned to be caught by the tower arms used to assemble the rocket at the pad.{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Matt |date=2021-08-20 |title=Musk Confirms how "Mechazilla" Will Catch and Assemble Starship and Super Heavy for Rapid Reuse |url=https://www.universetoday.com/152221/musk-confirms-how-mechazilla-will-catch-and-assemble-starship-and-super-heavy-for-rapid-reuse/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126091931/https://www.universetoday.com/152221/musk-confirms-how-mechazilla-will-catch-and-assemble-starship-and-super-heavy-for-rapid-reuse/ |archive-date=26 January 2025 |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=Universe Today |language=en-US}} This capability was first demonstrated during Starship's fifth flight test, using a Block 1 booster.
Launch statistics
Starship vehicles have been launched {{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunches}} times, resulting in {{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunchSuccess}} successes ({{percentage|{{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunchSuccess}}|{{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunches}}|2}}), and {{SpaceX Starship Statistics|totalLaunchFailure}} failures. Starship Block 1 was launched six times between April 2023 and November 2024, with the ship retired ahead of the seventh flight. Block 1 boosters are expected to fly further into the future.{{Cite web |last=Weber |first=Ryan |date=8 August 2024 |title=Starship is getting a new environmental assessment |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2024/08/starship-new-environmental-assessment/ |access-date=27 September 2024 |website=NASASpaceFlight.com |language=en-US}}
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= Launch sites =
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| x legends = 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2026
| group 1 = 2:4:2:0
| group 2 = 0:0:0:0
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| colors = Goldenrod : Chocolate : MediumPurple | group names = Starbase, OLP-A : Starbase, OLP-B : Kennedy, LC-39A
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= Launch outcomes =
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| group 4 = 0:0:4:7
| colors = darkred : goldenrod : forestgreen : lightblue
| group names = Failure : Partial failure : Success : Planned
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= Booster landings =
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| group 3 = 0:0:0:0
| group 4 = 0:1:0:0
| group 5 = 0:1:0:0
| group 6 = 0:1:2:0
| group 7 = 0:0:0:0
| colors = black : gray : darkred : goldenrod : mediumblue : forestgreen : lightgray
| group names = Precluded : Ocean failure : Tower failure : Tower abort : Ocean success{{efn-lr|name=ocean|Any controlled flight to water, no recovery}} : Tower success : No attempt
}}
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= Ship landings =
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| group 5 = 0:3:0:0
| group 6 = 0:0:0:0
| group 7 = 0:0:0:0
| colors = black : gray : darkred : goldenrod : mediumblue : forestgreen : lightgray
| group names = Precluded : Ocean failure : Tower failure : Tower abort : Ocean success{{efn-lr|name=ocean}} : Tower success : No attempt
}}
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= Booster Version =
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| group 3 = 0:0:0:0
| colors = lightsteelblue : steelblue : seagreen
| group names = Block 1 : Block 2 : Block 3}}
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= Ship Version =
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| group 4 = 0:0:0:0
| group 5 = 0:0:0:0
| group 6 = 0:0:0:0
| colors = lightsteelblue : steelblue : seagreen : dodgerblue : mediumpurple : orange
| group names = Block 1 : Block 2 : Block 3 : Depot: Starship HLS : Starship Crew}}
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{{notelist-lr}}
Past launches
= 2023 =
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{{notelist}}
= 2024 =
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class="wikitable plainrowheaders sticky-header" id="2024ytd" style="width: 100%;"
! Flight ! scope="col" | Date and ! scope="col" | Version, ! scope="col" | Version, ! scope="col" | Launch site ! scope="col" | Payload ! scope="col" | Payload mass ! scope="col" | Orbit ! scope="col" | Customer ! scope="col" | Launch outcome ! scope="col" | Booster landing ! scope="col" | Ship landing |
rowspan=2 | 3
| {{N/a}} | {{N/a}} | Suborbital{{cite web |last=McDowell |first=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan McDowell |date=April 24, 2024 |title=Jonathan's Space Report No. 832 |url=https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.832.txt |access-date=November 14, 2024 |website=Jonathan's Space Report}} | SpaceX | {{Success}} | {{Failure}} (gulf) | {{Failure}} (ocean) |
---|
colspan=11 | The third flight test of Starship included a full-duration burn of the second-stage engines, an internal propellant-transfer demonstration, and a test of the Starlink dispenser door. If the test sequence had progressed further, additional tests would have included an in-space relight followed by a hard splashdown of the ship in the Indian Ocean, approximately 1{{nbsp}}hour, 4{{nbsp}}minutes after launch.{{Cite web |last=Sheetz |first=Michael |date=5 December 2023 |title=SpaceX plans key NASA demonstration for next Starship launch |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/12/05/spacex-plans-nasa-refueling-demonstration-for-next-starship-launch.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231205175509/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/12/05/spacex-plans-nasa-refueling-demonstration-for-next-starship-launch.html |archive-date=5 December 2023 |access-date=5 December 2023 |website=CNBC |language=en}} The booster successfully propelled the spacecraft to staging, with 13 engines successfully ignited for a boostback burn, though 6 engines failed a few seconds before the end of the burn. However, several minutes later, during the landing burn ignition, only three engines ignited, and the booster was destroyed at an altitude of 462 meters above the ocean. The booster malfunctions were attributed to continuing filter blockage issues.{{Cite web |last=Berger |first=Eric |date=24 May 2024 |title=SpaceX sets date for next Starship flight, explains what went wrong the last time |url=https://arstechnica.com/space/2024/05/spacex-sets-next-starship-flight-date-will-focus-on-propulsion-and-landing/ |access-date=20 November 2024 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-US}} The spacecraft trajectory was suborbital, with a {{cvt|234|km}} apogee and {{cvt |
50|km}} perigee, although the ship did reach orbital speed.{{Cite web |last=Strickland |first=Ashley |date=16 March 2024 |title=Starship's monumental third flight ends unexpectedly |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/16/world/starship-milestones-science-newsletter-wt-scn/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316152105/https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/16/world/starship-milestones-science-newsletter-wt-scn/index.html |archive-date=16 March 2024 |access-date=16 March 2024 |website=CNN |language=en}} A scheduled restart of a Raptor engine for a prograde burn test did not occur, which would have resulted in a {{cvt|50|km}} perigee and somewhat later entry into the atmosphere. At reentry, Ship had an uncontrolled roll. Minutes into atmospheric re-entry, Ship 28's telemetry cut off, leading SpaceX to conclude the ship had disintegrated prior to its planned splashdown. |
rowspan=2 | 4
| {{N/a}} | {{N/a}} | Suborbital{{Cite web |last=McDowell |first=Jonathan |date=June 23, 2024 |title=Jonathan's Space Report No. 834 |url=https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.834.txt |access-date=November 8, 2024 |website=planet4589}} | SpaceX | {{Success}} | {{Unofficial2|Controlled}} (ocean) | {{Unofficial2|Controlled}} (ocean) |
colspan=11 | The fourth flight test of Starship flew a similar trajectory to Flight 3, with the addition of a ship landing burn and soft splashdown. One Raptor engine was lost shortly after liftoff, but the booster still managed to perform in accordance to its flight profile and conduct a successful controlled splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico{{Cite web |last=Beil |first=Adrian |date=5 June 2024 |title=Starship finds success on fourth flight test |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2024/06/starship-launch-fourth-time/ |access-date=14 October 2024 |website=NASASpaceFlight.com |language=en-US}} on a "virtual tower", in preparation for a catch by the launch tower during Flight 5.{{Cite web |last=Davenport |first=Justin |date=19 April 2024 |title=As IFT-4 prepares for launch, Starship's future is coming into focus |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2024/04/ift-4-prepares-starships-future-focus/ |access-date=14 October 2024 |website=NASASpaceFlight.com |language=en-US}} The spacecraft performed a successful reentry despite severe forward flap damage and conducted a successful controlled splashdown in the Indian Ocean,{{Cite web |title=Starship Flight 4 |url=https://www.spacex.com/launches/mission/?missionId=starship-flight-4 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=SpaceX |language=en}} within the target region but 6 kilometers from the center.{{Cite web |last=Zafar |first=Ramish |date=7 June 2024 |title=SpaceX Starship Missed Its Landing Spot By 6 Kilometers Says Musk |url=https://wccftech.com/spacex-starship-missed-its-landing-spot-by-6-kilometers-says-musk/ |access-date=14 October 2024 |website=Wccftech |language=en-US}} |
rowspan="2" | 5
| {{N/a}} | {{N/a}} | Suborbital{{Cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=2024-10-09 |title=NASA "really looking forward" to next Starship test flight |url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-really-looking-forward-to-next-starship-test-flight/ |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US}} | SpaceX | {{Success}} | {{Success}} (OLP-A) | {{Unofficial2|Controlled}} (ocean) |
colspan=11 |The fifth flight test was the first to achieve booster recovery and complete a flight without engine failures. After stage separation, the booster returned to the launch site and was successfully caught by the launch tower arms despite damage to a chine during descent. Following a coast phase, Ship 30 reentered the atmosphere, performed a successful reentry despite forward flap damage, and executed a landing burn, splashing down precisely at its target in the Indian Ocean. A buoy camera captured Ship 30 exploding shortly after contact with the water. |
rowspan="2" | 6
| {{Unknown}} | Transatmospheric{{Cite web |last=McDowell |first=Jonathan |date=December 27, 2024 |title=Jonathan's Space Report No. 840 |url=https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.840.txt |access-date=February 12, 2025 |website=planet4589.org}} | SpaceX | {{Success}} | {{diagonal split header|{{Dark mode invert|Abort (OLP{{nbh}}A)}}|{{Dark mode invert|Controlled (ocean)}}|#FFB|#BFE}} | {{Unofficial2|Controlled}} (ocean) |
colspan=11 |The sixth flight test was the second attempt at booster recovery and the final use of a Block 1 upper stage. Heat shield tiles were removed from key areas of Ship 31, which also lacked the ablative backup layer from Flight 5. Following stage separation, the booster was diverted to the ocean near the launch site due to damage to the catch tower during liftoff. The ship completed an in-space engine relight test and re-entered, splashing down in the Indian Ocean during daylight—a first for Starship. Despite a reduced heat shield and steeper re-entry trajectory, Ship 31 sustained minimal flap damage. The flight also carried Starship's first payload, a stuffed banana serving as the zero-gravity indicator, which remained onboard throughout the mission.{{Cite web |last=Weber |first=Ryan |date=2024-11-18 |title=SpaceX lands Ship 31 in the Indian Ocean but miss the Booster Catch |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2024/11/starship-flight-6-launch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241222183301/https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2024/11/starship-flight-6-launch/ |archive-date=22 December 2024 |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=NASASpaceFlight.com |language=en-US}} |
= 2025 =
{{sticky header}}
class="wikitable plainrowheaders sticky-header" id="2025ytd" style="width: 100%;"
! Flight ! scope="col" | Date and ! scope="col" | Version, ! scope="col" | Version, ! scope="col" | Launch site ! scope="col" | Payload ! scope="col" | Payload mass ! scope="col" | Orbit ! scope="col" | Customer ! scope="col" | Launch outcome ! scope="col" | Booster landing ! scope="col" | Ship landing |
rowspan=2 | 7
|10 Starlink simulator satellites{{Cite web |date=8 January 2025 |title=Starship's Seventh Flight Test |url=https://www.spacex.com/launches/mission/?missionId=starship-flight-7 |access-date=15 January 2025 |website=SpaceX.com}} |~{{cvt|20000|kg}}{{Cite web |date=30 May 2023 |title=Consolidated opposition to petitions and response to comments of SPACEX. Exhibit A. satellite dimensions and DAS outputs. |url=https://licensing.fcc.gov/myibfs/download.do?attachment_key=22627897 |access-date=22 October 2023}}{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Stephen |date=2025-01-09 |title=A taller, heavier, smarter version of SpaceX's Starship is almost ready to fly |url=https://arstechnica.com/space/2025/01/a-taller-heavier-smarter-version-of-spacexs-starship-is-almost-ready-to-fly/ |access-date=2025-02-14 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-US}} | Transatmospheric{{Cite web |last=McDowell |first=Jonathan |date=18 November 2023 |title=Jonathan's Space Report No. 841 |url=https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.841.txt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250124091342/https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/back/news.841.txt |archive-date=24 January 2025 |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=Jonathan's Space Report}} | SpaceX | {{Failure}} | {{Success}} (OLP-A) | {{N/A|Precluded}} |
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colspan=11 | The seventh flight test of Starship was to follow a trajectory similar to the previous mission, with a planned splashdown in the Indian Ocean approximately one hour post-launch. It marked the inaugural flight of a Block 2 Ship, featuring structural, avionics, and other upgrades. The mission also aimed to test the deployment system for 10 Starlink satellites. During the Ship's initial burn, its engines experienced premature shutdowns due to a propellant leak larger than the Ship's systems could handle, followed by a total loss of telemetry. This was attributed to a "harmonic response" of a magnitude greater than was seen during testing.{{cite web |date=2025-02-24 |title=New Year. New Ship. New Lessons. |url=https://www.spacex.com/updates/#flight-7-report |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=SpaceX.com}} The vehicle subsequently exploded over the Turks and Caicos Islands, prompting airspace closures in the region for over an hour.{{Cite news |last=Clark |first=Stephen |date=17 January 2025 |title=Fire destroys Starship on its seventh test flight, raining debris from space |url=https://arstechnica.com/space/2025/01/fire-destroys-starship-on-its-seventh-test-flight-raining-debris-from-space/ |access-date=24 January 2025 |work=Ars Technica |language=en-US}} SpaceX later concluded that the autonomous flight safety system destroyed the Ship about three minutes after loss of telemetry, and claimed that none of its remains left the pre-determined safety corridor for the launch. The booster successfully returned to the launch site, where it was caught by the launch tower arms on OLP-A, becoming the second booster recovered after B12, as well as the first booster to be recovered without noticeable damage to the chines. |
rowspan="2" |8
|4 Starlink simulator satellites |{{Failure}} |{{Success|Success |{{N/a|Precluded}} |
colspan="11" |The eighth flight test of Starship was to follow a trajectory similar to the previous mission, with a planned splashdown in the Indian Ocean. During the Ship's initial burn, its engines experienced premature shutdowns, causing it to spin out of control and eventually lose communications. The booster was successfully commanded to return to the launch site despite having two engines fail to relight for its boostback burn. To compensate the booster performed a two second longer boostback burn than seen on the previous flight. One of the failed engines managed to reignite for the catch, which was successful. |
Future launches
Future launches are listed chronologically when firm plans are in place. Launches are expected to take place "no earlier than" (NET) the listed date.
= 2025 =
In a talk in November 2024, Starbase General Manager Kathy Lueders announced that SpaceX wants to catch a Starship upper stage sometime in the next 6 months and have 25 launches in 2025.{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=zt8WrIAa2Ok |title=CONACES 2024 {{!}} Conferencia: SpaceX. Ing. Kathryn Lueders. |date=7 November 2024 |last=Hacia el Espacio |access-date=11 November 2024 |via=YouTube}}
= 2026 =
class="wikitable sticky-header" id="2026" style="width: 100%;"
! scope="col" style="width: 10%;" | Date and time (UTC) ! scope="col" | Version, ! scope="col" | Version, ! scope="col" | Launch site ! scope="col" | Payload ! scope="col" | Orbit ! scope="col" | Customer |
rowspan="2" |2026
| {{N/a|Unknown}} | {{TBA}} | LEO | NASA |
colspan="7" |SpaceX will launch a depot to store propellant for HLS flights. As of November 2024, it is unknown whether the depot will support multiple missions. |
rowspan="2" |2026
| {{N/a|Unknown}} | {{N/a|Unknown}} | {{TBA}} | Propellant | LEO | NASA |
colspan="7" |Tanker launch for HLS demo. At least one tanker will be needed for most launches beyond LEO. |
rowspan=2 | 2026
| {{N/a|Unknown}} | HLS | {{TBA}} | Uncrewed Lunar Demo{{Cite web |title=Human Landing Systems |url=https://www.nasa.gov/reference/human-landing-systems/ |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=NASA |language=en-US}} | NASA |
colspan="7" |NASA's demonstration mission for the Human Landing System prior to Artemis 3, announced in April 2021. For this mission, SpaceX attempts to land a Starship HLS on the Moon. (Before this, an unknown number of successful refueling flights will be required, estimated to be in the high teens.) |
rowspan=2 | 2026
| {{N/a|Unknown}} | HLS | {{TBA}} | Astrolab FLEX rover{{Cite web |title=Astrolab |url=https://astrolab.space/mission1 |access-date=9 June 2024 |website=astrolab.space}} {{abbr|Possible rideshare|It is not yet clear whether this will fly as a primary payload, a secondary payload or on a dedicated rideshare mission}} | Astrolab |
colspan="7" |Flexible Logistics and Exploration (FLEX) rover will include 1,000 kilograms of customer payloads. |
rowspan="2" |2026
| {{N/a|Unknown}} | {{N/a|Unknown}} | {{TBA}} | SpaceX |
colspan="7" |SpaceX plans to launch around five Starship upper stages to Mars in the 2026 Mars transfer window. The Ships would attempt to land on an unspecified location on the Martian surface upon arrival at Mars, as part of their iterative and incremental cycle of development. |
= 2027 and beyond=
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See also
References
{{reflist|refs=
{{Cite web |last=McDowell |first=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan McDowell |date=14 March 2024 |title=Jonathan's Space Report No. 831 |url=https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/latest.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329001529/https://planet4589.org/space/jsr/latest.html |archive-date=29 March 2019 |access-date=14 March 2024 |website=Jonathan's Space Report}}
{{Cite press release |title=OffWorld Europe and Luxembourg Space Agency Collaborate in New Lunar ISRU Exploration Program |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230418006222/en/OffWorld-Europe-and-Luxembourg-Space-Agency-Collaborate-in-New-Lunar-ISRU-Exploration-Program |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Business Wire}}
}}
{{SpaceX}}
Category:Proposed reusable launch systems
Category:Reusable spaceflight technology
Category:Reusable launch systems