List of body modifications

• Body piercing – permanent placement of jewelry through an artificial fistula; sometimes further modified by stretching
• Ear piercing – the most common type of body modification
• Pearling – also known as genital beading
• Neck ring – multiple neck rings or spiral are worn to give the effect of stretching the neck (in reality lowering the collarbones){{cite web |title=Scrotal Implant |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Scrotal_Implant |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121062618/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Scrotal_implant |archive-date=21 January 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}}
• Tattooing – injection of a pigment under the skin
• Teeth blackening{{Cite web |title=Thomas Zumbroich |url=https://oxford.academia.edu/ThomasZumbroich |website=oxford.academia.edu}}
• Eye tattooing – injection of a pigment into the sclera
• Extraocular implant (eyeball jewelry) – the implantation of jewelry in the outer layer of the eye
• Surface piercing – a piercing where the entrance and exit holes are pierced through the same flat area of skin
• Microdermal implants{{cite web |title=Microdermal |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Microdermal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100201124458/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Microdermal |archive-date=1 February 2010 |access-date=20 March 2015}}{{cite web |title=Dermal Anchoring |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Dermal_anchoring |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717125925/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Dermal_anchoring |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}}
• Transdermal implant – implantation of an object below the dermis, but which exits the skin at one or more points

• Subdermal implants – implantation of an object that resides entirely below the dermis, including horn implants{{cite web |title=Horn Implant |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Horn_Implant |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717125917/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Horn_Implant |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}}

• Hair cutting
• Hair removal
• Genital modification and mutilation:
• Female genital mutilation
• Clitoral hood reduction – removal of the clitoral hood
• Clitoridectomy – removal of the clitoris
• Infibulation – removal of the external genitalia (and suturing of the vulva)
• Labiaplasty – alteration (removal, reduction, enhancement, or creation) of the labia
• Circumcision – the partial or full removal of the foreskin, sometimes also the frenulum
• Foreskin restoration – techniques for attempting the restoration of the foreskin
• Emasculation – complete removal of the male genitalia (orchiectomy plus penectomy)
• Genital frenectomy{{cite web |title=Genital Frenectomy |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Genital_Frenectomy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717125848/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Genital_Frenectomy |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}}
• Meatotomy – splitting of the underside of the glans penis
• Orchiectomy – removal of the testicles
• Penectomy – removal of the penis
• Subincision – splitting of the underside of the penis, also called urethrotomy
• Nipple removal{{cite web |title=Nipple Removal |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Nipple_Removal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714005918/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Nipple_Removal |archive-date=14 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}}
• Nipple splitting{{cite web |title=Nipple Splitting |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Nipple_Splitting |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717130432/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Nipple_Splitting |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}}
• Nullification – the voluntary removal of body parts. Body parts that are commonly removed by those practicing body nullification include the penis, testicles, clitoris, labia and nipples. Sometimes people who desire a nullification may be diagnosed with gender dysphoria, body integrity identity disorder or apotemnophilia.{{cite news |author=Jamie Gadette |title=Underground |newspaper=Salt Lake City Weekly |url=http://www.slweekly.com/index.cfm?do=article.details&id=1CA812CA-2BF4-55D0-F1F09D9BE9B80EB9 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927015152/http://www.slweekly.com/index.cfm?do=article.details&id=1CA812CA-2BF4-55D0-F1F09D9BE9B80EB9 |archive-date=27 September 2007}}
• Lingual frenectomy{{cite web |title=Tongue Frenectomy |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Tongue_Frenectomy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717130732/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Tongue_Frenectomy |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}} – this is to expand the external physical protrusion of the tongue.
• Tongue splitting – bisection of the tongue similar to a snake

Some body modifications are the result of long-term activities or practices involved in applying force, such as constriction, to a part of the body.

• Tightlacing – binding of the waist and shaping of the torso
• Cranial binding – modification of the shape of infants' heads, now extremely rare
• Breast ironing – Pressing (sometimes with a heated object) the breasts of a pubescent female to prevent their growth.
• Foot binding – compression of the feet of girls to modify them for aesthetic reasons
• Breast implants{{Cite web |title=Anal Stretching - BME Encyclopedia |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Anal_Stretching |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220223518/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Anal_Stretching |archive-date=20 February 2008 |access-date=20 February 2008}}
• Jelqing – penis enlargement with physical exercises by using a milking motion, to enhance girth mainly over a period of two to three months; no weights or spacing devices are used
• Non-surgical elongation of organs by prolonged stretching using weights or spacing devices. Some cultural traditions prescribe for or encourage members of one sex (or both) to have one organ stretched till permanent re-dimensioning has occurred, such as:
• The 'giraffe-like' stretched necks (sometimes also other organs) of women among the Burmese Kayan tribe, the result of wearing brass coils around them. This compresses the collarbone and upper ribs but is not medically dangerous. It is a myth that removing the rings will cause the neck to 'flop'; Padaung women remove them regularly for cleaning etc.
• Stretching body piercings to deliberately expand them.
• Stretched lip piercings – achieved by inserting ever larger plates, such as those made of clay used by some Amazonian tribes.
• Labia stretching or pulling to enhance sexual pleasure by stimulation, particularly reaching an orgasm that squirts, multiple orgasms that flow together frequently upon climax.
• Foreskin restoration or stretching to increase its physical size, desensitize the foreskin, move the foreskin further down the head for enhanced sensitivity and improve its appearance.

• Human branding – controlled burning or cauterizing of tissue to encourage intentional scarring
• Ear shaping{{cite web |title=Ear Shaping |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Ear_Shaping |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717125821/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Ear_Shaping |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}} (which includes cropping,{{cite web |title=Ear Cropping |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Ear_Cropping |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717125832/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Ear_Cropping |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}} ear pointing or "elfing"){{cite web |title=Ear Pointing |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Ear_Pointing |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922212401/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Ear_Pointing |archive-date=22 September 2012 |access-date=20 March 2015}}
• Scarification – cutting or removal of dermis with the intent to encourage intentional scarring or keloiding
• Human tooth sharpening{{cite web |title=Tooth Filing |url=http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Tooth_Filing |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717130753/http://wiki.bmezine.com/index.php/Tooth_Filing |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=20 March 2015}} – generally used to have the appearance of some sort of animal.
• {{transliteration|ja|Yaeba}} – the deliberate misaligning or capping of teeth to give a crooked appearance. Popular in Japan.
• Tooth ablation or tooth-knocking – the act of deliberately knocking one's teeth out, often as a rite of passage or to satisfy an aesthetic ideal. Commonly practiced among Australian Aboriginals{{Cite web |title=Australian Aboriginal Rites of Passage |url=https://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~rfrey/220aboriginal_passage.htm |website=www.webpages.uidaho.edu}} and Native Hawaiians{{Cite web |title=Journal of the Polynesian Society: Tooth Ablation In Old Hawai'i, By Michael Pietrusewsky And Michele T. Douglas, P 255-272 |url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document//Volume_102_1993/Volume_102,_No._3/Tooth_ablation_in_old_Hawai'i,_by_Michael_Pietrusewsky_and_Michele_T._Douglas,_p_255-272/p1 |website=www.jps.auckland.ac.nz}} prior to the 20th century, and observed in archaeological complexes around the world.

File:Tattooed legs.jpg|Tattooed ankles

File:Modified ear.jpg|Ear piercing and stretching

File:Déformation Péruvienne MHNT Noir.jpg|Proto Nazca modified skull, {{c.|200–100 BC}}

File:Bodymodificationimplantball.jpg|Subdermal implant

File:Tongue-split-cropped.jpg|Tongue splitting

File:Euler's identity scarification, 3PiCon, Springfield, MA.jpg|Scarification

File:Murzi2.jpg|Mursi woman wearing a lip plate in Ethiopia

File:Kayan woman with neck rings.jpg|Kayan woman with neck rings

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