List of deaths from legal euthanasia and assisted suicide
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Euthanasia is the practice of intentionally ending a life in order to relieve pain and suffering,{{Cite journal| last1 = Harris | first1 = NM. | title = The euthanasia debate | journal = J R Army Med Corps | volume = 147 | issue = 3 | pages = 367–70 |date=Oct 2001 | pmid = 11766225 | doi=10.1136/jramc-147-03-22| doi-access = free }} while assisted suicide, also known as physician-assisted suicide, is suicide committed with the aid of a physician. Assisted suicide is often confused with euthanasia. In cases of euthanasia the physician administers the means of death, usually a lethal drug. In assisted suicide, it is required that the person voluntarily expresses their wish to die, and also makes a request for medication for the purpose of ending their life. Assisted suicide thus involves a person’s self-administration of deadly drugs that are supplied by a doctor.{{Cite journal|last1=Materstvedt |first1=LJ |last2=Kaasa|first2=S|year=2002|title=Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in Scandinavia Ð with a conceptual suggestion regarding international research in relation to the phenomena|journal=Palliative Medicine|volume=16|issue=1 |page=19|doi=10.1191/0269216302pm470oa |pmid=11963448 }} The legality of euthanasia and assisted suicide varies. Involuntary euthanasia is illegal in all countries. Active non-voluntary euthanasia (patient's consent unavailable) is illegal in all countries, though in the Netherlands the Groningen Protocol allows exemptions from prosecution in strict circumstances. Passive non-voluntary euthanasia (withholding life support) is either legal or not legislated in most countries.
Voluntary euthanasia is legal in Belgium,{{cite journal |vauthors=Adams M, Nys H |title=Comparative reflections on the Belgian Euthanasia Act 2002 |journal=Med Law Rev |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=353–76 |year=2003 |pmid=16733879 |doi=10.1093/medlaw/11.3.353}} Canada,{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-36566214 |title=Canada's parliament passes assisted suicide bill |date=June 18, 2016 |work=BBC News |access-date=April 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170425100516/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-36566214 |archive-date=April 25, 2017 |url-status=live }} Colombia,{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/8778072/ns/health-health_care/t/euthanasia-regularly-practiced-colombia/ |title=Euthanasia regularly practiced in Colombia |date=July 31, 2005 |work=NBC News |access-date=April 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170425095457/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/8778072/ns/health-health_care/t/euthanasia-regularly-practiced-colombia/%23.WP8c5dLLfK4 |archive-date=April 25, 2017 |url-status=dead }} Ecuador,{{Cite journal |last=Espericueta |first=Luis |title=Analysis of the legal situation regarding euthanasia in Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru: Towards a Latin American model of medical assistance in dying? |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dewb.12457 |journal=Developing World Bioethics |date=2024 |language=en |volume=n/a |issue=n/a |doi=10.1111/dewb.12457 |pmid=38995203 |issn=1471-8847|url-access=subscription }} Luxembourg,{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-luxembourg-euthanasia-idUSL2011983320080220 |title=Luxembourg parliament adopts euthanasia law |author=Julien Ponthus |date=February 20, 2008 |work=Reuters |access-date=April 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170425095302/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-luxembourg-euthanasia-idUSL2011983320080220 |archive-date=April 25, 2017 |url-status=live }} the Netherlands,{{cite journal |title=The New Regulation of Voluntary Euthanasia and Medically Assisted Suicide in the Netherlands |first=André |last=Janssen |journal=Int J Law Policy Family |year=2002 |volume=16 |issue=2 |pmid=16848072 |pages=260–269 |doi=10.1093/lawfam/16.2.260}} New Zealand,{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/new-zealand-voluntary-euthanasia-law-comes-into-effect-/6304189.html|title=New Zealand Voluntary Euthanasia Law Comes into Effect|date=8 November 2021 |publisher=Voice of America|access-date=October 15, 2022|archive-date=November 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108101144/https://www.voanews.com/a/new-zealand-voluntary-euthanasia-law-comes-into-effect-/6304189.html|url-status=live}} Portugal{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/12/portuguese-parliament-legalises-euthanasia-after-long-battle|title=Portuguese parliament legalises euthanasia after long battle|website=The Guardian|date=12 May 2023|access-date=20 May 2023}} and Spain.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56446631|title=Spain passes law allowing euthanasia|publisher=BBC News|date=March 18, 2021|access-date=October 15, 2022|archive-date=December 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225042948/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-56446631|url-status=live}} It is also legal in all states and territories of Australia except the Northern Territory (where it was briefly legal from 1996–1997),{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-05-25/euthanasia-advocates-call-for-change-northern-territory/6493034 |title=Euthanasia advocates call for change 20 years after Northern Territory Parliament passed historic laws |last=Brooks |first=Sally |date=May 25, 2015 |work=ABC News |access-date=April 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170425100144/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-05-25/euthanasia-advocates-call-for-change-northern-territory/6493034 |archive-date=April 25, 2017 |url-status=live }} and in the United States jurisdictions of California, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Montana, New Jersey, Oregon, Vermont, Washington State and Washington DC. Assisted suicide is legal in Austria,{{cite web |url=https://www.vfgh.gv.at/downloads/VfGH-Erkenntnis_G_139_2019_vom_11.12.2020.pdf |title=G 139/2019-71. 11. Dezember 2020 |publisher=Verfassungsgerichtshof |language=de |date=December 11, 2020 |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=December 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229195403/https://www.vfgh.gv.at/downloads/VfGH-Erkenntnis_G_139_2019_vom_11.12.2020.pdf |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=https://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXVII/I/I_01177/index.shtml |title=Sterbeverfügungsgesetz; Suchtmittelgesetz, Strafgesetzbuch, Änderung |website=parlament.gv.at |language=de |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=December 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217105637/https://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXVII/I/I_01177/index.shtml |url-status=live }} Belgium,{{cite web |url=https://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/mopdf/2002/06/22_1.pdf#Page16 |title=28 MEI 2002. — Wet betreffende de euthanasie / 28 MAI 2002. — Loi relative a' l'euthanasie |publisher=Belgisch Staatsblad / Moniteur Belge |language=nl, fr |page=16 |date=June 22, 2002 |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=January 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119023616/http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/mopdf/2002/06/22_1.pdf#Page16 |url-status=live }} Canada,{{cite web |url=https://www.parl.ca/legisinfo/BillDetails.aspx?billId=8177165 |title=Bill C-14. An Act to amend the Criminal Code and to make related amendments to other Acts (medical assistance in dying |website=parl.ca |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=May 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523221238/https://www.parl.ca/legisinfo/BillDetails.aspx?billId=8177165 |url-status=live }} Luxembourg,{{cite web |url=http://data.legilux.public.lu/file/eli-etat-leg-memorial-2009-46-fr-pdf.pdf |title=Legislation reglementant les soins palliatifs ainsi que l'euthanasie et l'assistance au suicide |publisher=Journal Officiel du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg |language=fr |date=March 16, 2009 |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924200410/http://data.legilux.public.lu/file/eli-etat-leg-memorial-2009-46-fr-pdf.pdf |url-status=live }} the Netherlands,{{cite web |url=https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0012410/2020-03-19 |title=Wet toetsing levensbeëindiging op verzoek en hulp bij zelfdoding |website=overheid.nl |language=nl |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=2021-12-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217202942/https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0012410/2020-03-19 |url-status=live }} New Zealand,{{cite web |url=https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/regulation-health-and-disability-system/end-life-choice-act |title=End of Life Choice Act |website=health.govt.nz |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=June 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627165246/https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/regulation-health-and-disability-system/end-life-choice-act |url-status=live }} Spain{{cite web |url=https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2021-4628 |title=Ley Orgánica 3/2021, de 24 de marzo, de regulación de la eutanasia |website=boe.es |language=es |date=March 25, 2021 |pages=34037–34049 |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=July 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210705024012/https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2021-4628 |url-status=live }} and Switzerland.{{cite web|last=Bondolfi|first=Sibilla|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/why-assisted-suicide-is--normal--in-switzerland-/45924614|title=Why assisted suicide is 'normal' in Switzerland|website=swissinfo.ch|date=July 24, 2020|access-date=October 15, 2022|archive-date=September 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925060153/https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/why-assisted-suicide-is--normal--in-switzerland-/45924614|url-status=live}}
This list contains notable people who have died via either legal voluntary euthanasia or assisted suicide. The criterion for notability is an article on the individual in the English Wikipedia.
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