List of floppy disk formats
{{Short description|None}}
{{for|a more in-depth textual description of some of these formats|Floppy disk variants}}
{{use mdy dates|date=October 2020}}
This is a list of different floppy disk formats.
Physical formats
Logical formats
Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, many different logical disk formats were used, depending on the hardware platform.
class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+ Common floppy disk formats, logical characteristics by platform !Platform !! Size !! Density !! Sides !! Tracks/ side !! Sectors/ track !! Bytes/ sector !Sectoring!! Capacity !! rpm !! Encoding !! Note |
rowspan="8" | Acorn
| rowspan="5" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | rowspan="2" | Single | rowspan="2" | 1 | 40 | rowspan="2" | 10 | rowspan="2" | 256 | rowspan="8" |Soft | 100 kB | rowspan="5" | 300 | rowspan="2" | FM |
80
| 200 kB |
rowspan="3" | Double
| rowspan="2" | 1 | 40 | rowspan="3" | 16 | rowspan="3" | 256 | 160 kB | rowspan="3" | MFM |
rowspan="2" | 80
| 320 kB |
2
| 640 kB |
rowspan="3" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| rowspan="2" | Double | rowspan="3" | 2 | rowspan="3" | 80 | 16 | 256 | 640 kB | rowspan="3" | 300 | rowspan="3" | MFM | Format L: MOS (Electron, Master Compact) |
5
| rowspan="2" | 1024 | 800 kB | {{ubl|Format D: Arthur, RISC iX|Format E: RISC OS}} |
High
| 10 | 1,600 kB | Format F: RISC OS 3 and later. Archimedes models before the A5000 require an upgraded floppy drive. |
Agat
| 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | Double | 2 | 80 | 21 | 256 | | 840 kB | 300 | MFM |
Amstrad CPC/PCW
| 3 inch | Double | 1 | 40 | 9 | 512 | | 180 kB | 300 | MFM | Single head drive, but double-sided floppy discs (total of 360 kB per floppy) |
Amstrad PCW8512/9512
| 3 inch | Double | 2 | 80 | 9 | 512 | | 720 kB | 300 | MFM | 720 kB mode uses both sides - ensure disc inserted correct way up. |
rowspan="5" | Apple II
| rowspan="2" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | rowspan="2" | Double | 1 | rowspan="2" | 35 | 13 | rowspan="2" | 256 | rowspan="5" | Soft | 113.75 kB | rowspan="2" | 300 | rowspan="2" | GCR | rowspan="2" | 16 sector filesystems require a compatible disk controller (PROM update) and Apple DOS 3.3 or later. |
1
| 16 | 140 kB |
rowspan="3" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| rowspan="2" | Double | 1 | rowspan="2" | 80 | rowspan="2" | Variable (8-12) | rowspan="2" | 512 | 400 kB | rowspan="2" | 394 - 590 | rowspan="2" | GCR |
2
| 800 kB |
High
| 2 | 80 | 18 | 512 | 1,440 kB | 300 | MFM |
Apple Lisa
| 5{{frac|1|4}} inch FileWare | Double | 2 | 46 | Variable (15-22) | 512 |Soft | 851 kB | GCR | |
Apple Lisa 2/Macintosh XL,
Macintosh | rowspan="3" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch | rowspan="2" | Double | 1 | rowspan="2" | 80 | rowspan="2" | Variable (8-12) | rowspan="2" | 512 | rowspan="3" | Soft | 400 kB | rowspan="2" | 394 - 590 | rowspan="2" | GCR | |
rowspan="2" | Apple Macintosh
| 2 | 800 kB | rowspan="2" | |
High
| 2 | 80 | 18 | 512 | 1,440 kB | 300 | MFM |
rowspan="4" | Atari 8-bit
| rowspan="4" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | Single | rowspan="3" | 1 | rowspan="4" | 40 | 18 | 128 | rowspan="4" | Soft | 90 kB | rowspan="3" | 288 | FM | rowspan="4" | Third party drives offer up to 1440 KB. |
Dual
| 26 | 128 | 130 kB | rowspan="3" | MFM |
Double
| 18 | 256 | 180 kB |
Double
|2 |18 |256 |360 kB |300 |
rowspan="3" | Atari ST/TT/Falcon
| rowspan="3" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch | rowspan="2" | Double | rowspan="1" | 1 | rowspan="3" | 80 | rowspan="2" | 9 | rowspan="3" | 512 | rowspan="3" | Soft | 360 kB | rowspan="3" | 300 | rowspan="3" | MFM |
rowspan="2" | 2
| 720 kB |
High
| 18 | 1,440 kB |
Coleco ADAM
| 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | Double | 1 | 40 | 8 | 512 |soft | 160 kB | 300 | MFM |
rowspan="5" | Commodore 64 (8-bit)
| rowspan="4" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | rowspan="2" | Double | 1 | rowspan="2" | 35 | rowspan="2" | Variable (17-21) ZCAV | rowspan="4" | 256 | rowspan="5" | Soft | 170 kB | rowspan="5" | 300 | rowspan="4" | GCR | rowspan="4" | Commodore floppy drives used a fixed rotation speed with variable sector density (see: Zone bit recording). |
2
| 340 kB |
rowspan="2" | Quad
| 1 | rowspan="2" | 77 | rowspan="2" | Variable (23-29) ZCAV | 521 kB |
2
| 1,042 kB |
3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| Double | 2 | 80 | 10 | 512 | 800 kB | MFM | |
rowspan="5" | Commodore Amiga
| rowspan="2" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | Double | rowspan="5" | 2 | 40 | rowspan="3" | 11 | rowspan="5" | 512 | rowspan="5" | Soft | rowspan="4" | 300 | rowspan="3" | MFM |
Quad
| rowspan="4" | 80 |
rowspan="3" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| Double | 880 kB |
rowspan="2" | High
| 19 | 1,520 kB | GCR |
22
| 1,760 kB | 150 | MFM |
Commodore 900
|5{{frac|1|4}} inch |High |2 |80 |13-16 |512 |Soft |1,200kB |? |GCR |https://vintagecomputer.ca/files/Commodore/C900/C900%20Floppy%20Specification.pdf |
rowspan="3" |IBM 33FD
| rowspan="8" |8 inch | rowspan="5" |Single | rowspan="3" |1 | rowspan="8" |77 |26 |128 | |240.5 kiB | rowspan="8" |360 | rowspan="5" |FM |
15
|256 | |277.5 kiB |
8
|512 | |296 kiB |
rowspan="2" |IBM 43FD
| rowspan="5" |2 |26 |128 | |481 kiB |
15
|256 | |555 kiB |
id="IBM 53FD"
| rowspan="3" |IBM 53FD | rowspan="3" |Double |26 |256 | |962 kiB | rowspan="3" |MFM |
15
|512 | |1.08 MiB |
8
|1,024 | |1.16 MiB |
DEC RX01
|8 inch |Single |1 |77 |26 |128 | |250 kB |360 |FM | |
DEC RX02
|8 inch |Double |1 |77 |26 |256 | |500 kB |360 |FM/MFM | |
DEC RX50
| 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | Quad | 1 | 80 | 10 | 512 | | 400 kB | 300 | MFM |
rowspan="19" | IBM PC compatibles
| rowspan="4" | 8 inch | rowspan="2" | Single | 1 | rowspan="4" | 77 | rowspan="2" | 26 | rowspan="2" | 128 | rowspan="19" | Soft | 250.25 kBThe calculated formatted capacity is based on FAT12 format.{{cite web |url=https://jeffpar.github.io/kbarchive/kb/075/Q75131/ |title=Standard Floppy Disk Formats Supported by MS-DOS |publisher=Microsoft |date=2000-12-17 |access-date=2020-02-05 |version=2.0}}{{cite book |publisher=Xerox |date=November 1983 |title=Xerox 16/8 Professional Computer – MS-DOS OS Handbook for 8" Floppy Disks |url=http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/xerox/820-II/610P72377_MS-DOS_OS_Handbook_for_8_Inch_Floppy_Disks_Nov83.pdf}} | rowspan="4" | 360 | rowspan="2" | FM | rowspan="4" | While IBM didn't include an 8-inch floppy drive option on any of their PCs and PC DOS, MS-DOS 1.25 supported 8-inch disks and added support for higher capacities in version 2.0. MS-DOS' predecessor 86-DOS used 8-inch diskettes as well. |
2 |
rowspan="2" | Double
| 1 | rowspan="2" | 8 | rowspan="2" | 1,024 | rowspan="2" |MFM |
2 |
rowspan="7" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch
| rowspan="4" | Double | 1 | rowspan="4" | 40 | rowspan="2" | 8 | rowspan="7" | 512 | rowspan="4" | 300 | rowspan="7" | MFM | rowspan="7" | |
2 |
1
| rowspan="2" | 9 |
2 |
rowspan="2" | QuadRare format appearing on some early PC/XT clones using quad-density disks.
| 1 | rowspan="2" | 80 | rowspan="2" | 8 |rowspan="2" | 300 |
2 |
High
| 2 | 80 | 15 | 360 |
rowspan="8" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| rowspan="4" | Double | rowspan="2" | 1 | rowspan="6" | 80 | 8 | rowspan="8" | 512 | rowspan="8" | 300 | rowspan="8" | MFM |
9 |
rowspan="6" | 2
| 8 |
9 |
rowspan="3" | High
| 18 |
rowspan="2" | 21
| rowspan="2" | DMFThese variations are known as DMF diskettes, used for a time to pack more data on to each disk for software distribution. |
82 |
Extended
| 80 | 36 |
MGT SAM Coupé
| 3{{frac|1|2}} inch | Double | 2 | 80 | 10 | 512 | | 800 kB | 300 | MFM | |
rowspan="12" | NEC PC98
| rowspan="2" | 8 inch | Single | 1 | 77 | 26 | 128 | | rowspan="2" | 360 | FM | rowspan="2" | |
Double
| 2 | 77 | 8 | 1,024 | | MFM |
rowspan="4" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch
| rowspan="2" | Double | rowspan="4" | 2 | rowspan="3" | 80 | 8 | rowspan="3" | 512 | | rowspan="4" | 360 | rowspan="4" | MFM |
9
| | |
rowspan="2" | High
| 15 | |
77 (80)
| 8 | 1,024 | |
rowspan="6" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| rowspan="2" | Double | rowspan="6" | 2 | rowspan="3" | 80 | 8 | rowspan="3" | 512 | | rowspan="4" | 360 | rowspan="6" | MFM |
9
| |
rowspan="3" | High
| 15 | | rowspan="2" | 3-modeThe PC98 3{{frac|1|2}}-inch (90 mm) formats are also known as "3 Mode" floppy disks, usable on IBM PC compatibles with a 3-mode floppy drive. |
77 (80)
| 8 | 1,024 | |
80
| 18 | 512 | | 300 |
Triple
| 240 | 38 | 512 | | 9,120 kB | 360 | NEC PC-88 VA3 2TD drive only |
rowspan=2| Osborne 1{{cite book |last1=Hogan |first1=Thom |url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/osborne/osborne1/2F00153-01_Osborne1TechnicalManual_1982.pdf |title=Osborne 1 Technical Manual |last2=Iannamico |first2=Mike |date=1982 |publisher=Osborne Computer Corporation |page=39}}
|rowspan=2| 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | Single | rowspan="2" |1 | rowspan="2" |40 |10 | 256 | rowspan="2" |Soft | 100 kB |rowspan=2| 300 | FM |
Double
|5 | 1,024 | 200 kB | MFM |
Sega SF-7000
| 3 inch | Single | 2 | 40 | 16 | 256 | | 160 kB | ? | ? | Expansion unit for SC-3000 home computer. Capacity is per side. |
rowspan=2 | SHARP X68000
| 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | rowspan="2" | High | rowspan="2" | 2 | rowspan="2" | 77 | rowspan="2" | 8 | rowspan="2" | 1,024 | | rowspan="2" | 360 | rowspan="2" | MFM | rowspan="2" | |
3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| |
SHARP CE-1600F, CE-140F
| Single | drive: 1, diskette: 2 (flippable) | 16 | 8 | 512 | | 2× 64 kB | 270 |
rowspan="4" | Thomson
| rowspan="2" | 5{{frac|1|4}} inch | Single | 1 | rowspan="2" | 40 | rowspan="2" | 16 | 128 | | 80 kB | rowspan="2" | 300 | FM | Thomson UD90.070 |
Double
| 2 | 256 | | 320 kB | MFM | Thomson DD90-320The two sides are managed as two independent 160 KB disks |
rowspan="2" | 3{{frac|1|2}} inch
| Double | 1 | rowspan="2" | 80 | rowspan="2" | 16 | rowspan="2" | 256 | | 320 kB | rowspan="2" | 300 | rowspan="2" | MFM | Thomson TO9, Thomson DD09-350 |
rowspan="1" | Double
| 2 | | 640 kB | Thomson TO8D, TO9+, Thomson DD90-352The two sides are managed as two independent 320 KB disks |
rowspan="2" | Victor 9000 / ACT Sirius 1{{cite web|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/victor/victor9000/Victor_9000_Hardware_Reference_Manual_1983.pdf |title=Victor 9000 Hardware Reference Manual |access-date=2022-09-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129140512/http://bitsavers.org/pdf/victor/victor9000/Victor_9000_Hardware_Reference_Manual_1983.pdf | archive-date=2022-01-29 |url-status=live}}
| rowspan="2" |5{{frac|1|4}} inch |Single |1 | rowspan="2" |80 | rowspan="2" |11-19 (variable) |512 | |612 kB{{cite news |url=https://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1982-11/1982_11_BYTE_07-11_Graphics#page/n241/mode/2up |title=Victor Victorious |work=BYTE |date=November 1982 |access-date=2013-10-19 |author-last=Lemmons |author-first=Phil |page=216}} | rowspan="2" |252-417 (variable) | rowspan="2" |GCR | rowspan="2" |Disks varied sectors/track and disk speed to keep consistent bit density across tracks |
Double
|2 |512 | |
rowspan="7" |Tandy TRS-80
|5{{frac|1|4}} inch |Single |1 |35 |10 |256 | rowspan="7" |Soft |88 kB | rowspan="7" |300 |FM |Model 1/3/4 |
5{{frac|1|4}} inch
|Double |1 |40 |18 |256 |180 kB |MFM |Model 1/3/4P |
5{{frac|1|4}} inch
|Double |2 |40 |18 |256 |360 kB |MFM |Model 4D |
8 inch
|Double |1 |77 |26 |256 |500 kB |MFM |Model 2 |
3{{frac|1|2}} inch
|Single |1 |40 |2 |1,280 |FM |Tandy Portable Disk Drive (aka Brother FB-100, knitking FD-19) |
3{{frac|1|2}} inch
|Single |1 |80 |2 |1,280 |FM |Used only in Tandy Portable Disk Drive 2 |
5{{frac|1|4}} inch
|Double |1 |35 |18 |256 |MFM |Color Computer |
HP 9114A
|3{{frac|1|2}} inch |Double |2 |80 |16 |256 | |600 |MFM |Used with HP 110 and Portable Series 40 & 70 |
HP 9895A
|8 inch |Double |2 |77 |29 |256 | |360 |MFM | |
HP 9130K
|5{{frac|1|4}} inch |Double |2 |35 |16 |256 | |300 |MFM | |
Burroughs MD122
|8 inch |Double |2 |139 |44 |256 |Soft |524 |MFM | |
Memorex 650
| rowspan="2" |8 inch |Single | rowspan="2" |1 |50 |8 |3,500 b | rowspan="2" |Hard | rowspan="2" |375 | rowspan="2" |FM | |
Memorex 651
|Single |64 |32 |1.056 b | |
class="wikitable"
|+ !Platform !Size !Density !Side !Track !Sector !Byte !Sectoring !Capacity !RPM !Encoding !Note |
Commodore 128 (CP/M)
|5 1/4 |Double |2 |40 |26 |128 |Soft |260K |300 |MFM |Commodore 1571 |
|
| | | |16 |256 | |320K | | | |
|
| | | |9 |512 | |360K | | | |
|
| | | |5 |1,024 | |400K | | | |
https://www.c64-wiki.com/wiki/Commodore_1571
https://vintagecomputer.ca/files/Commodore/C900/C900%20Floppy%20Specification.pdf
See also
- Zip drive (floppy-like, but incompatible medium using different technology)
- PocketZip (floppy-like, but incompatible medium using different technology)
- SuperDisk (floppy-like with drives also compatible with 3.5" floppy disks)
- Magneto-optical drive (floppy-like, but incompatible medium using different technology)
Notes
{{reflist|group="NB"}}
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist|refs=
{{Cite book |title=The MS-DOS Encyclopedia: versions 1.0 through 3.2 |author-first1=Ray |author-last1=Duncan |author-first2=Steve |author-last2=Bostwick |author-first3=Keith |author-last3=Burgoyne |author-first4=Robert A. |author-last4=Byers |author-first5=Thom |author-last5=Hogan |author-first6=Jim |author-last6=Kyle |author-first7=Gordon |author-last7=Letwin |author-link7=Gordon Letwin |author-first8=Charles |author-last8=Petzold |author-link8=Charles Petzold |author-first9=Chip |author-last9=Rabinowitz |author-first10=Jim |author-last10=Tomlin |author-first11=Richard |author-last11=Wilton |author-first12=Van |author-last12=Wolverton |author-first13=William |author-last13=Wong |author-first14=JoAnne |author-last14=Woodcock |contribution=Technical advisors |contributor-first1=Mark |contributor-last1=Zbikowski |contributor-link1=Mark Zbikowski |contributor-first2=Paul |contributor-last2=Allen |contributor-link2=Paul Allen |contributor-first3=Steve |contributor-last3=Ballmer |contributor-link3=Steve Ballmer |contributor-first4=Reuben |contributor-last4=Borman |contributor-first5=Rob |contributor-last5=Borman |contributor-first6=John |contributor-last6=Butler |contributor-first7=Chuck |contributor-last7=Carroll |contributor-first8=Mark |contributor-last8=Chamberlain |contributor-first9=David |contributor-last9=Chell |contributor-first10=Mike |contributor-last10=Colee |contributor-first11=Mike |contributor-last11=Courtney |contributor-first12=Mike |contributor-last12=Dryfoos |contributor-first13=Rachel |contributor-last13=Duncan |contributor-first14=Kurt |contributor-last14=Eckhardt |contributor-first15=Eric |contributor-last15=Evans |contributor-first16=Rick |contributor-last16=Farmer |contributor-first17=Bill |contributor-last17=Gates |contributor-link17=Bill Gates |contributor-first18=Michael |contributor-last18=Geary |contributor-first19=Bob |contributor-last19=Griffin |contributor-first20=Doug |contributor-last20=Hogarth |contributor-first21=James W. |contributor-last21=Johnson |contributor-first22=Kaamel |contributor-last22=Kermaani |contributor-first23=Adrian |contributor-last23=King |contributor-first24=Reed |contributor-last24=Koch |contributor-first25=James |contributor-last25=Landowski |contributor-first26=Chris |contributor-last26=Larson |contributor-first27=Thomas |contributor-last27=Lennon |contributor-first28=Dan |contributor-last28=Lipkie |contributor-first29=Marc |contributor-last29=McDonald |contributor-link29=Marc McDonald |contributor-first30=Bruce |contributor-last30=McKinney |contributor-first31=Pascal |contributor-last31=Martin |contributor-first32=Estelle |contributor-last32=Mathers |contributor-first33=Bob |contributor-last33=Matthews |contributor-first34=David |contributor-last34=Melin |contributor-first35=Charles |contributor-last35=Mergentime |contributor-first36=Randy |contributor-last36=Nevin |contributor-first37=Dan |contributor-last37=Newell |contributor-first38=Tani |contributor-last38=Newell |contributor-first39=David |contributor-last39=Norris |contributor-first40=Mike |contributor-last40=O'Leary |contributor-first41=Bob |contributor-last41=O'Rear |contributor-link41=Bob O'Rear |contributor-first42=Mike |contributor-last42=Olsson |contributor-first43=Larry |contributor-last43=Osterman |contributor-first44=Ridge |contributor-last44=Ostling |contributor-first45=Sunil |contributor-last45=Pai |contributor-first46=Tim |contributor-last46=Paterson |contributor-link46=Tim Paterson |contributor-first47=Gary |contributor-last47=Perez |contributor-first48=Chris |contributor-last48=Peters |contributor-first49=Charles |contributor-last49=Petzold |contributor-link49=Charles Petzold |contributor-first50=John |contributor-last50=Pollock |contributor-first51=Aaron |contributor-last51=Reynolds |contributor-link51=Aaron R. Reynolds |contributor-first52=Darryl |contributor-last52=Rubin |contributor-first53=Ralph |contributor-last53=Ryan |contributor-first54=Karl |contributor-last54=Schulmeisters |contributor-first55=Rajen |contributor-last55=Shah |contributor-first56=Barry |contributor-last56=Shaw |contributor-first57=Anthony |contributor-last57=Short |contributor-first58=Ben |contributor-last58=Slivka |contributor-first59=Jon |contributor-last59=Smirl |contributor-first60=Betty |contributor-last60=Stillmaker |contributor-first61=John |contributor-last61=Stoddard |contributor-first62=Dennis |contributor-last62=Tillman |contributor-first63=Greg |contributor-last63=Whitten |contributor-first64=Natalie |contributor-last64=Yount |contributor-first65=Steve |contributor-last65=Zeck |date=1988 |edition=Completely reworked |publisher=Microsoft Press |location=Redmond, Washington, USA |isbn=1-55615-049-0 |lccn=87-21452 |oclc=16581341}} (xix+1570 pages; 26 cm) (NB. This edition was published in 1988 after extensive rework of the withdrawn 1986 first edition by a different team of authors. [https://www.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/reference/microsoft/mspl13/msdos/encyclopedia/])
}}
- {{cite book |title=The IBM Diskette General Information Manual |url=http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/floppy/GA21-9182-4_Diskette_General_Information_Manual_Aug79.pdf |edition=Fifth |series=Product Reference Literature |date=August 1979 |publisher=IBM}}
- {{cite web |title=RX02 8 inch Floppy Drive Information |url=http://www.pdp8online.com/rx02/rx02.shtml?med |publisher=David Gesswein |access-date=2007-09-21}}
- {{cite web|title=8 inch floppy disks|url=https://ub.fnwi.uva.nl/computermuseum/diskettes.php|url-status=live|publisher=University of Amsterdam|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160702204635/https://ub.fnwi.uva.nl/computermuseum/diskettes.php|archive-date=July 2, 2016|access-date=2015-04-19}}
External links
- {{commons-inline|Floppy disk}}
- [https://obsoletemedia.org/data/disk/#fd Floppy Disk Formats] at the Museum of Obsolete Media