List of genetic algorithm applications

• Bayesian inference links to particle methods in Bayesian statistics and hidden Markov chain models{{cite web|url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-statistics.html|title=Del Moral - Bayesian Statistics|work=u-bordeaux1.fr|access-date=2011-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501080015/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-statistics.html|archive-date=2012-05-01|url-status=dead}}[http://hal.inria.fr/docs/00/60/79/65/PDF/RR-7677.pdf a tutorial on genetic particle models]
• Artificial creativity
• Chemical kinetics ([https://archive.today/20121223015305/http://www.personal.leeds.ac.uk/~fuensm/project.html gas] and [http://repositories.cdlib.org/postprints/1154 solid] phases)
• Calculation of bound states and local-density approximations
• Code-breaking, using the GA to search large solution spaces of ciphers for the one correct decryption.Joachim De Zutter
• Computer architecture: using GA to find out weak links in approximate computing such as lookahead.
• Configuration applications, particularly physics applications of optimal molecule configurations for particular systems like C₆₀ (buckyballs)
• Construction of facial composites of suspects by eyewitnesses in forensic science.{{cite journal | title=A (r)evolution in Crime-fighting. | author=Craig Aaen Stockdale | date=June 1, 2008 | url=http://www.forensicmag.com/article/revolution-crime-fighting | journal=Forensic Magazine}}
• Data Center/Server Farm.[http://dssg.cs.umb.edu/wiki/index.php/SymbioticSphere SymbioticSphere – Distributed Software Systems Group, University of Massachusetts, Boston] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329225051/http://dssg.cs.umb.edu/wiki/index.php/SymbioticSphere |date=2009-03-29 }}
• Distributed computer network topologies
• Electronic circuit design, known as evolvable hardware
• Evolutionary image processing
• Feature selection for Machine Learning{{Cite web|url=https://www.kdnuggets.com/2017/11/rapidminer-evolutionary-algorithms-feature-selection.html|title=Evolutionary Algorithms for Feature Selection|website=www.kdnuggets.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-02-19}}
• Feynman-Kac models {{cite web|url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simulinks.html|title=Website for Feynman-Kac particle models|work=u-bordeaux1.fr|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501080314/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simulinks.html|archive-date=2012-05-01}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/seminaire.ps |title=a review article on genetic particle models |access-date=2011-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501080538/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/seminaire.ps |archive-date=2012-05-01 |url-status=dead }}{{cite web|url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/gips.html|title=Feynman-Kac Formulae|work=u-bordeaux1.fr|access-date=2011-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501080605/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/gips.html|archive-date=2012-05-01|url-status=dead}}
• File allocation for a distributed system
• Filtering and signal processing {{Cite web |url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-filtering.html |title=links to particle filters |access-date=2011-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501080727/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-filtering.html |archive-date=2012-05-01 |url-status=dead }}[http://hal.inria.fr/docs/00/40/39/17/PDF/RR-6991.pdf a tutorial on genetic particle models]
• Finding hardware bugs.Hitoshi Iba, Sumitaka Akiba, Tetsuya Higuchi, Taisuke Sato: BUGS: A Bug-Based Search Strategy using Genetic Algorithms. PPSN 1992:Ibrahim, W. and Amer, H.: An Adaptive Genetic Algorithm for VLSI Test Vector Selection
• Game theory equilibrium resolution
• Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production
• Scheduling applications, including job-shop scheduling and scheduling in printed circuit board assembly.{{cite journal | last1 = Maimon | first1 = Oded | last2 = Braha | first2 = Dan | year = 1998 | title = A genetic algorithm approach to scheduling PCBs on a single machine | url = http://necsi.edu/affiliates/braha/IJPR_GA.pdf | journal = International Journal of Production Research | volume = 36 | issue = 3| page = 3 | doi = 10.1080/002075498193688 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.129.9504 }} The objective being to schedule jobs in a sequence-dependent or non-sequence-dependent setup environment in order to maximize the volume of production while minimizing penalties such as tardiness. Satellite communication scheduling for the NASA Deep Space Network was shown to benefit from genetic algorithms.{{Cite book |doi = 10.1109/AERO.2007.352900|chapter = Deep Space Network Scheduling Using Evolutionary Computational Methods|title = 2007 IEEE Aerospace Conference|pages = 1–6|year = 2007|last1 = Guillaume|first1 = Alexandre|last2 = Lee|first2 = Seugnwon|last3 = Wang|first3 = Yeou-Fang|last4 = Zheng|first4 = Hua|last5 = Hovden|first5 = Robert|last6 = Chau|first6 = Savio|last7 = Tung|first7 = Yu-Wen|last8 = Terrile|first8 = Richard J.|isbn = 978-1-4244-0524-4|s2cid = 15862933}}
• Learning robot behavior using genetic algorithms
• Image processing: Dense pixel matchingA. dos Santos-Paulino, J.-C. Nebel and F.Florez-Revuelta (2014) Evolutionary algorithm for dense pixel matching in presence of distortions, EvoStar Conference, Granada, Spain, 23–25 April 2014
• Learning fuzzy rule base using genetic algorithms
• Molecular structure optimization (chemistry)
• Optimisation of data compression systems, for example using wavelets.
• Power electronics design.{{Cite journal |url=http://www.cs.sysu.edu.cn/~jzhang/papers/SMCC.pdf |doi=10.1109/TSMCC.2005.855497 |access-date=2010-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707025618/http://www.cs.sysu.edu.cn/~jzhang/papers/SMCC.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-07 |url-status=dead |title=Pseudocoevolutionary genetic algorithms for power electronic circuits optimization |journal=IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part C: Applications and Reviews|volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=590–598 |year=2006 |last1=Jun Zhang |last2=Chung |first2=H.S.H. |last3=Lo |first3=W.L. }}
• Traveling salesman problem and its applications
• Stopping propagations, i.e. deciding how to cut edges in a graph so that some infectious condition (e.g. a disease, fire, computer virus, etc.) stops its spread. A bi-level genetic algorithm (i.e. a genetic algorithm where the fitness of each individual is calculated by running another genetic algorithm) was used due to the Σ^P₂-completeness of the problem.{{cite journal | last1 = Galiana| first1 = J.| last2 = Rodríguez| first2 = I. | last3 = Rubio| first3 = F. | year = 2023| title = How to stop undesired propagations by using bi-level genetic algorithms. | journal = Applied Soft Computing | volume = 136 | issue = 110094| doi = 10.1016/j.asoc.2023.110094| doi-access = free}}

• Climatology: Estimation of heat flux between the atmosphere and sea ice{{cite book |author1=Karolina Stanislawska |author2=Krzysztof Krawiec |author3=Timo Vihma |title=Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation |chapter=Genetic Programming for Estimation of Heat Flux between the Atmosphere and Sea Ice in Polar Regions | date=July 15, 2015 |pages=1279–1286 |doi=10.1145/2739480.2754675 |isbn=9781450334723 |s2cid=2879084 | url=http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2754675}}
• Climatology: Modelling global temperature changes{{cite journal | title=Modelling global temperature changes with genetic programming. | journal=Computers and Mathematics with Applications |author1=Karolina Stanislawska |author2=Krzysztof Krawiec |author3=Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz | date=April 2012 | volume=64 | issue=12 | pages=3717–3728 | doi=10.1016/j.camwa.2012.02.049 | doi-access=free }}
• Design of water resource systems {{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=S.X. |last2=Babovic |first2=V. |year=2012 |title=A real options approach to the design and architecture of water supply systems using innovative water technologies under uncertainty |journal=Journal of Hydroinformatics |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=13–29 |doi= 10.2166/hydro.2011.078|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249643295|doi-access=free }}
• Groundwater monitoring networks[https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo41529 Optimization of Water-level Monitoring Networks in the Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer Using a Kriging-based Genetic Algorithm Method] United States Geological Survey

• Financial mathematics{{cite web|url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-finance.html|title=Del Moral - Financial Mathematics|work=u-bordeaux1.fr|access-date=2011-12-29|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121211142015/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-finance.html|archive-date=2012-12-11|url-status=dead}}
• Real options valuation{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=S.X. |last2=Babovic |first2=V. |year=2011 |title=An evolutionary real options framework for the design and management of projects and systems with complex real options and exercising conditions |journal=Decision Support Systems |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=119–129 |doi= 10.1016/j.dss.2010.12.001|s2cid=15362734 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220197192}}
• Portfolio optimizationSefiane, Slimane and Benbouziane, Mohamed (2012). [http://www-math.unice.fr/publis/delmoral_lezaud.ps Portfolio Selection Using Genetic Algorithm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429142443/http://www-math.unice.fr/publis/delmoral_lezaud.ps |date=2016-04-29 }}, Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, Vol. 2, No. 4 (2012): pp. 143-154.
• Genetic algorithm in economics
• Representing rational agents in economic models such as the cobweb model
• the same, in Agent-based computational economics generally, and in artificial financial markets

• Design of anti-terrorism systems {{cite journal |last1=Buurman |first1=J. |last2=Zhang |first2=S.X. |last3=Babovic |first3=V. |year=2009 |title=Reducing risk through real options in systems design: the case of architecting a maritime domain protection system |journal=Risk Analysis |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=366–379 |doi= 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01160.x|pmid=19076327 |bibcode=2009RiskA..29..366B |s2cid=36370133 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23657202}}
• Linguistic analysis, including grammar induction and other aspects of Natural language processing (NLP) such as word-sense disambiguation.

• Audio watermark insertion/detection
• Airlines revenue managementAloysius George, B. R. Rajakumar, D. Binu, (2012) [http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2345426 "Genetic algorithm based airlines booking terminal open/close decision system"]
• Automated design of mechatronic systems using bond graphs and genetic programming (NSF)
• Automated design of industrial equipment using catalogs of exemplar lever patterns
• Automated design, including research on composite material design and multi-objective design of automotive components for crashworthiness, weight savings, and other characteristics
• Automated planning of structural inspection{{cite journal|last1=Ellefsen|first1=K.O.|last2=Lepikson|first2=H.A.|last3=Albiez|first3=J.C.|title=Multiobjective coverage path planning: Enabling automated inspection of complex, real-world structures|journal=Applied Soft Computing|volume=61|year=2017|pages=264–282|issn=1568-4946|doi=10.1016/j.asoc.2017.07.051|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318893583|arxiv=1901.07272|hdl=10852/58883|s2cid=6183350}}
• Container loading optimization
• Control engineering,{{cite journal|url=http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/showciting;jsessionid=B4A9784CCCB282ECE0FD1622F12FB9FD?cid=2669976|title=CiteSeerX — Citation Query Switching Control Systems and Their Design Automation via Genetic Algorithms|journal=Psu.edu}}{{cite journal | last1 = Li | first1 = Y. | year = 1996 | title = Genetic algorithm automated approach to design of sliding mode control systems | journal = Int J Control | volume = 63 | issue = 4 | pages = 721–739 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.43.1654 | doi=10.1080/00207179608921865|display-authors=etal}}{{cite thesis|title=Loughborough University Institutional Repository|work=handle.net|hdl = 2134/5806|date=2010-01-18|publisher=Loughborough University|type=thesis}}{{cite journal|last=Patrascu|first=M.|year=2015|title=Genetically enhanced modal controller design for seismic vibration in nonlinear multi-damper configuration|journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I|volume=229|issue=2|pages=158–168|doi=10.1177/0959651814550540|s2cid=26599174}}
• Marketing mix analysis
• Mechanical engineering{{cite web

|title=Genetic Algorithms for Engineering Optimization

|url=http://www.iitk.ac.in/kangal/course/gaann06.pdf

}}{{cite web

|title=Applications of evolutionary algorithms in mechanical engineering.

|url=http://digitool.fcla.edu/dtl_publish/34/12514.html

}}

• Mobile communications infrastructure optimization.
• Plant floor layout
• Pop music record production{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/123983.stm | work=BBC News | title=To the beat of the byte | date=1998-07-01 | access-date=2010-05-03}}
• Quality control
• Sorting network
• Timetabling problems, such as designing a non-conflicting class timetable for a large university
• Vehicle routing problem {{Cite journal|vauthors=Vidal T, Crainic TG, Gendreau M, Lahrichi N, Rei W|title=A hybrid genetic algorithm for multidepot and periodic vehicle routing problems|journal=Operations Research|volume=60|issue=3|pages=611–624|doi=10.1287/opre.1120.1048|year=2012|url=https://www.cirrelt.ca/documentstravail/cirrelt-2010-34.pdf }}
• Optimal bearing placement {{Cite journal|last1=Liu|first1=Shibing|last2=Yang|first2=Bingen|title=Optimal placement of water-lubricated rubber bearings for vibration reduction of flexible multistage rotor systems|journal=Journal of Sound and Vibration|volume=407|pages=332–349|doi=10.1016/j.jsv.2017.07.004|year=2017|bibcode=2017JSV...407..332L}}
• Computer-automated design{{cite journal | last1 = Li | first1 = Y. | display-authors = etal | year = 2004 | title = CAutoCSD – Evolutionary search and optimisation enabled computer automated control system design | url = http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/3818/ | journal = International Journal of Automation and Computing | volume = 1 | issue = 1| pages = 76–88 | doi=10.1007/s11633-004-0076-8| s2cid = 55417415 }}

• Bioinformatics Multiple Sequence Alignment{{cite journal|vauthors=Gondro C, Kinghorn BP | title = A simple genetic algorithm for multiple sequence alignment | journal = Genetics and Molecular Research | year = 2007 | volume = 6 | pages = 964–982 |issue= 4|pmid= 18058716 }}{{cite journal|vauthors=Notredame C, Higgins DG | title = SAGA a Genetic Algorithm for Multiple Sequence Alignment | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | year = 1995 | volume = 24 | pages = 1515–24 | pmid = 8628686|issue= 8|pmc= 145823 | doi=10.1093/nar/24.8.1515}}{{cite web|url=http://www.tcoffee.org/homepage.html|title=Notredame Lab Home Page - Comparative Bioinformatics|work=tcoffee.org}}
• Bioinformatics: RNA structure prediction{{cite journal|vauthors=van Batenburg FH, Gultyaev AP, Pleij CW | title = An APL-programmed genetic algorithm for the prediction of RNA secondary structure | journal = Journal of Theoretical Biology | year = 1995 | volume = 174 | pages = 269–280 | pmid = 7545258 | doi = 10.1006/jtbi.1995.0098|issue= 3 | bibcode = 1995JThBi.174..269V }}
• Bioinformatics: Motif Discovery{{cite journal|title=Generalizing and learning protein-DNA binding sequence representations by an evolutionary algorithm | doi=10.1007/s00500-011-0692-5 | volume=15|issue=8 |journal=Soft Computing|pages=1631–1642|year=2011 |last1=Wong |first1=Ka-Chun |last2=Peng |first2=Chengbin |last3=Wong |first3=Man-Hon |last4=Leung |first4=Kwong-Sak | s2cid=18253131 }}
• Biology and computational chemistry{{cite web|url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-biology.html|title=Del Moral - Biology & Chemistry|work=u-bordeaux1.fr|access-date=2011-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501080114/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-biology.html|archive-date=2012-05-01|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web |url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/ihp.ps |title=an article on genetic particle models |access-date=2011-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501080256/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/ihp.ps |archive-date=2012-05-01 |url-status=dead }}
• Building phylogenetic trees.{{cite journal|vauthors=Hill T, Lundgren A, Fredriksson R, Schiöth HB | title = Genetic algorithm for large-scale maximum parsimony phylogenetic analysis of proteins | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects | year = 2005 | volume = 1725 | pages = 19–29 | pmid = 15990235|issue= 1|doi= 10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.04.027 }}
• Gene expression profiling analysis.{{cite journal|vauthors=To CC, Vohradsky J | title = A parallel genetic algorithm for single class pattern classification and its application for gene expression profiling in Streptomyces coelicolor | journal = BMC Genomics | year = 2007 | volume = 8 | pages = 49 | pmid = 17298664 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2164-8-49|pmc= 1804277 | doi-access = free }}
• Medicine: Clinical decision support in ophthalmology{{cite journal | title=Genetic Programming with Alternative Search Drivers for Detection of Retinal Blood Vessels |author1=Krzysztof Krawiec |author2=Mikołaj Pawlak | date=April 10, 2015 | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272017132}} and oncology{{cite book | author=Fitzgerald, Jeannie, Ryan, Conor, Medernach, David and Krawiec, Krzysztof | title=Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation | chapter=An Integrated Approach to Stage 1 Breast Cancer Detection | date = July 15, 2015 | pages=1199–1206 | doi=10.1145/2739480.2754761 | isbn=9781450334723 | s2cid=14110665 | url=http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2754761}}
• Computational Neuroscience: finding values for the maximal conductances of ion channels in biophysically detailed neuron models{{cite journal |last1=Van Geit |first1=Werner |last2=Gevaert |first2=Michael |last3=Chindemi |first3=Giuseppe |last4=Rössert |first4=Christian |last5=Courcol |first5=Jean-Denis |last6=Muller |first6=Eilif B. |last7=Schürmann |first7=Felix |last8=Segev |first8=Idan |last9=Markram |first9=Henry |title=BluePyOpt: Leveraging Open Source Software and Cloud Infrastructure to Optimise Model Parameters in Neuroscience |journal=Frontiers in Neuroinformatics |date=7 June 2016 |volume=10 |pages=17 |doi=10.3389/fninf.2016.00017|pmid=27375471 |pmc=4896051 |bibcode=2016arXiv160300500V |arxiv=1603.00500 |doi-access=free }}
• Protein folding and protein/ligand docking{{cite journal|author= Willett P | title = Genetic algorithms in molecular recognition and design | journal = Trends in Biotechnology | year = 1995 | volume = 13 | pages = 516–521 | pmid = 8595137 | doi = 10.1016/S0167-7799(00)89015-0|issue= 12}}{{cite book|url=http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1830483.1830513|work=acm.org|year=2010|doi=10.1145/1830483.1830513|last1=Wong|first1=Ka-Chun|last2=Leung|first2=Kwong-Sak|last3=Wong|first3=Man-Hon|title=Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation |chapter=Protein structure prediction on a lattice model via multimodal optimization techniques |page=155|isbn=9781450300728|s2cid=14651808}}
• Selection of optimal mathematical model to describe biological systems
• Operon prediction.{{cite journal|vauthors=Wang S, Wang Y, Du W, Sun F, Wang X, Zhou C, Liang Y | title = A multi-approaches-guided genetic algorithm with application to operon prediction | journal = Artificial Intelligence in Medicine | year = 2007 | volume = 41 | pages = 151–159 | pmid = 17869072 | doi = 10.1016/j.artmed.2007.07.010|issue= 2}}

• Neural Networks; particularly recurrent neural networks{{cite web|url=http://arimaa.com/arimaa/about/Thesis/|title=Applying Genetic Algorithms to Recurrent Neural Networks for Learning Network Parameters and Architecture|work=arimaa.com}}
• Training artificial neural networks when pre-classified training examples are not readily obtainable (neuroevolution)

• Optimization of beam dynamics in accelerator physics.

{{cite conference

| url = http://jacow.org/ipac2016/papers/wepoy039.pdf

| title = GIOTTO: A Genetic Code for Demanding Beam-dynamics Optimizations

| last1 = Bacci

| first1 = A.

| last2 = Petrillo

| first2 = V.

| last3 = Rossetti Conti

| first3 = M.

| date = 2016

| doi = 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPOY039

| publisher = Joint Accelerator Conferences Website (JACoW)

| book-title = International Particle Accelerator Conference (7th)

| id = WEPOY039

}}

• Design of particle accelerator beamlines {{cite journal

| last1 = Rossetti Conti

| first1 = M.

| last2 = Bacci

| first2 = A.

| date = 2018

| title = Electron beam transfer line design for plasma driven Free Electron Lasers

| url = https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168900218302158

| journal = Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

| volume = 909

| pages = 84–89

| issn = 0168-9002

| doi = 10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.061

| arxiv = 1803.00431

| bibcode = 2018NIMPA.909...84R

| s2cid = 56365602

}}

• Clustering, using genetic algorithms to optimize a wide range of different fit-functions.{{dead link|date=December 2014}}Auffarth, B. (2010). Clustering by a Genetic Algorithm with Biased Mutation Operator. WCCI CEC. IEEE, July 18–23, 2010. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.170.869{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
• Multidimensional systems
• Multimodal Optimization{{cite book| doi=10.1007/978-3-642-12239-2_50 |volume=6024 |pages=481–490|year=2010 |last1=Wong |first1=Ka-Chun |last2=Leung |first2=Kwong-Sak |last3=Wong |first3=Man-Hon | title=Applications of Evolutionary Computation | chapter=Effect of Spatial Locality on an Evolutionary Algorithm for Multimodal Optimization | series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science |isbn=978-3-642-12238-5 |citeseerx = 10.1.1.655.5490}}{{cite book|url=http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1570027|work=acm.org|year=2009|doi=10.1145/1569901.1570027|last1=Wong|first1=Ka-Chun|last2=Leung|first2=Kwong-Sak|last3=Wong|first3=Man-Hon|title=Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation |chapter=An evolutionary algorithm with species-specific explosion for multimodal optimization |page=923|isbn=9781605583259|s2cid=16308189}}{{cite journal|title=Evolutionary multimodal optimization using the principle of locality | doi=10.1016/j.ins.2011.12.016 | volume=194|journal=Information Sciences|pages=138–170|year=2012 |last1=Wong |first1=Ka-Chun |last2=Wu |first2=Chun-Ho |last3=Mok |first3=Ricky K.P. |last4=Peng |first4=Chengbin |last5=Zhang |first5=Zhaolei }}
• Multiple criteria production scheduling{{cite book|author= Bagchi Tapan P | title = Multiobjective Scheduling by Genetic Algorithms | year = 1999 | publisher = Kluwer Academic | isbn = 978-0-7923-8561-5 }}
• Multiple population topologies and interchange methodologies
• Mutation testing
• Parallelization of GAs/GPs including use of hierarchical decomposition of problem domains and design spaces nesting of irregular shapes using feature matching and GAs.
• Rare event analysis {{cite web|url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-rare-events.html|title=Del Moral - Rare events|work=u-bordeaux1.fr|access-date=2011-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423152151/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-rare-events.html|archive-date=2012-04-23|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web |url=http://www-math.unice.fr/publis/delmoral_lezaud.ps |title=a review article |access-date=2011-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429142443/http://www-math.unice.fr/publis/delmoral_lezaud.ps |archive-date=2016-04-29 |url-status=dead }}
• Solving the machine-component grouping problem required for cellular manufacturing systems
• Stochastic optimization {{cite web|url=http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-optim.html|title=Del Moral - Optimal Control|work=u-bordeaux1.fr|access-date=2011-12-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508011256/http://www.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/~delmoral/simu-optim.html|archive-date=2012-05-08|url-status=dead}}
• Tactical asset allocation and international equity strategies
• Wireless sensor/ad-hoc networks.[http://dssg.cs.umb.edu/wiki/index.php/BiSNET/e BiSNET/e – Distributed Software Systems Group, University of Massachusetts, Boston] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090622110049/http://dssg.cs.umb.edu/wiki/index.php/BiSNET/e |date=2009-06-22 }}

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Category:Applications of evolutionary algorithms