List of immune cells

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This is a list of immune cells, also known as white blood cells, white cells, leukocytes, or leucocytes. They are cells involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.{{Cite web |date=2011-02-02 |title=Leukocyte |url=https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/leukocyte |access-date=2023-08-25 | work = National Cancer Institute | publisher = U.S. National Institutes of Health |language=en}}

class="wikitable sortable"

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!Image

!Name

!Subtype

!Class

!Alternate names

!Diameter (μm)

!Main targets

!References

|

Neutrocytes
Heterophils
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

|12-15

|

|{{Cite book | vauthors = Wheater PR |url=http://archive.org/details/functionalhistol00whea_0 |title=Functional histology |date=1980 |publisher=Churchill Livingstone |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-443-01657-8}}{{cite book | vauthors = Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P | chapter = Table 22-1, Blood Cells | date=2002 | chapter-url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26884/ | title = Molecular Biology of the Cell | edition = 4th |access-date=2023-08-27 |publisher=Garland Science |language=en }}{{cite book | vauthors = Cano RL, Lopera HD | chapter = Introduction to T and B lymphocytes |date=2013-07-18 | chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26919/table/A4143/ | title = Autoimmunity: From Bench to Bedside [Internet] |access-date=2023-08-27 |publisher=El Rosario University Press |language=en | veditors = Anaya JM, Shoenfeld Y, Rojas-Villarraga A, Levy RA, Cervera R }}

|

Eosinophiles
Acidophils

|12-15

|

Larger parasites
Modulate allergic inflammatory responses

|

|

Basophilic granulocyte

|12-15

|

Release histamine for inflammatory responses

|{{cite web |title=Basophil |date=2023-08-11 |url=https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=basophil&oldid=75614193 |work=Wiktionary, the free dictionary |access-date=2023-08-27 |language=en}}

|

Mastocyte
Labrocyte
Mastocytus

|8-20

|

Release histamine for inflammatory responses

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Schulman ES, Kagey-Sobotka A, MacGlashan DW, Adkinson NF, Peters SP, Schleimer RP, Lichtenstein LM | title = Heterogeneity of human mast cells | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 131 | issue = 4 | pages = 1936–1941 | date = October 1983 | pmid = 6194221 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.131.4.1936 | s2cid = 30353975 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Krystel-Whittemore M, Dileepan KN, Wood JG | title = Mast Cell: A Multi-Functional Master Cell | journal = Frontiers in Immunology | volume = 6 | pages = 620 | date = 2016 | pmid = 26779180 | pmc = 4701915 | doi = 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00620 | doi-access = free }}

|

Macrophagocytus
Mφ
MΦ
MP

|20-21

|

Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Cancer cells
Cellular debris

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Krombach F, Münzing S, Allmeling AM, Gerlach JT, Behr J, Dörger M | title = Cell size of alveolar macrophages: an interspecies comparison | journal = Environmental Health Perspectives | volume = 105 | issue = Suppl 5 | pages = 1261–1263 | date = September 1997 | pmid = 9400735 | pmc = 1470168 | doi = 10.2307/3433544 | jstor = 3433544 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Mahla RS, Kumar A, Tutill HJ, Krishnaji ST, Sathyamoorthy B, Noursadeghi M, Breuer J, Pandey AK, Kumar H | display-authors = 6 | title = NIX-mediated mitophagy regulate metabolic reprogramming in phagocytic cells during mycobacterial infection | journal = Tuberculosis | volume = 126 | pages = 102046 | date = January 2021 | pmid = 33421909 | doi = 10.1016/j.tube.2020.102046 | s2cid = 231437641 }}

|

Tissue macrophage
Macrophagocytus immobilis

|20-21

|

Spent neutrophils
General macrophage targets

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Cline MJ | title = Histiocytes and histiocytosis | journal = Blood | volume = 84 | issue = 9 | pages = 2840–53 | date = November 1994 | pmid = 7524755 | doi = 10.1182/blood.V84.9.2840.2840 | doi-access = free }}

|

Stellate macrophages
Kupffer–Browicz cells
Liver macrophage
Macrophagocytus stellatus

|20-21

|

Foreign debris
General macrophage targets

|{{cite book | vauthors = Basit H, Tan ML, Webster DR | chapter = Histology, Kupffer Cell |date=2023 | chapter-url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493226/ | title = StatPearls |access-date=2023-08-25 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=29630278 }}

|Alveolar macrophage

|

Pulmonary macrophage
Dust cell

|20-21

|

Carbon debris from lungs
General macrophage targets

|

|Dendritic cell

|Dendritic cell

|

DC
Cellula dendritiformis

|10-15

|

Process antigen material and present to the T cell
Messengers between innate and adaptive immune system

|{{Cite web |title=Cell diameter and total protein of mature den - Mammals - BNID 113239 |url=https://bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu/bionumber.aspx?s=n&v=2&id=113239#:~:text=3502%20right%20column%20bottom%20paragraph:%20%22Mature%20dendritic%20cells%20have%20diameters,different%20dendritic%20cell%20subtypes%20(Fig. |access-date=2023-08-27 |website=bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu |language=en}}{{cite journal | vauthors = Monga I, Kaur K, Dhanda SK | title = Revisiting hematopoiesis: applications of the bulk and single-cell transcriptomics dissecting transcriptional heterogeneity in hematopoietic stem cells | journal = Briefings in Functional Genomics | volume = 21 | issue = 3 | pages = 159–176 | date = May 2022 | pmid = 35265979 | doi = 10.1093/bfgp/elac002 }}

|

B lymphocyte
Lymphocytus B

|8-10

|

Produces antibody molecules

|{{cite book | vauthors = Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P | chapter = B Cells and Antibodies |date=2002 | chapter-url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26884/ | title = Molecular Biology of the Cell | edition = 4th |access-date=2023-08-27 |publisher=Garland Science |language=en }}

|

Plasma B cells
Effector B cells
Plasmocytus

|8-10

|

Active B cells that produces large amounts of antibodies

|{{Cite web |title=Plasma cell {{!}} Description & Antibody Production {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/plasma-cell |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}

|

MBC

|8-10

|

Memorizes the characteristics of the antigens
Triggers an accelerated and robust secondary immune response

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Seifert M, Küppers R | title = Human memory B cells | journal = Leukemia | volume = 30 | issue = 12 | pages = 2283–2292 | date = December 2016 | pmid = 27499139 | doi = 10.1038/leu.2016.226 | s2cid = 28936531 }}

|

T lymphocyte
Lymphocytus T

|8-10

|

Virus-infected cells
Cancer cells
Recruits and communicates with other types of immune cells

|{{cite book | vauthors = Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P | chapter = Helper T Cells and Lymphocyte Activation |date=2002 | chapter-url= https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26827/ |title = Molecular Biology of the Cell | edition = 4th |access-date=2023-08-27 |publisher=Garland Science |language=en }}

|

MTC

|8-10

|

Memorizes the characteristics of the antigens
Triggers an accelerated and robust secondary immune response

|{{cite book | vauthors = Rahimi RA, Luster AD | title = Chemokines: Critical Regulators of Memory T Cell Development, Maintenance, and Function | series = Advances in Immunology | volume = 138 | pages = 71–98 | date = 2018 | pmid = 29731007 | pmc = 6191293 | doi = 10.1016/bs.ai.2018.02.002 | isbn = 9780128151884 }}

|

T_h cells
CD4⁺ cells
CD4-positive cells

|8-10

|

Aids the activity of other immune cells by releasing cytokines

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Burren OS, Rubio García A, Javierre BM, Rainbow DB, Cairns J, Cooper NJ, Lambourne JJ, Schofield E, Castro Dopico X, Ferreira RC, Coulson R, Burden F, Rowlston SP, Downes K, Wingett SW, Frontini M, Ouwehand WH, Fraser P, Spivakov M, Todd JA, Wicker LS, Cutler AJ, Wallace C | display-authors = 6 | title = Chromosome contacts in activated T cells identify autoimmune disease candidate genes | journal = Genome Biology | volume = 18 | issue = 1 | pages = 165 | date = September 2017 | pmid = 28870212 | pmc = 5584004 | doi = 10.1186/s13059-017-1285-0 | doi-access = free }}

|Natural killer T cell

|

NKT

|6-7

|

Produces large amounts of immunomodulatory cytokines
Allergens
Cancer cells
Pathogens

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Wu L, Van Kaer L | title = Natural killer T cells in health and disease | journal = Frontiers in Bioscience | volume = 3 | issue = 1 | pages = 236–251 | date = January 2011 | pmid = 21196373 | pmc = 3626278 | doi = 10.2741/S148 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Dickinson AJ, Meyer M, Pawlak EA, Gomez S, Jaspers I, Allbritton NL | title = Analysis of sphingosine kinase activity in single natural killer cells from peripheral blood | journal = Integrative Biology | volume = 7 | issue = 4 | pages = 392–401 | date = April 2015 | pmid = 25786072 | pmc = 4566154 | doi = 10.1039/c5ib00007f }}

|Innate lymphoid cell

|Innate lymphoid cell

|

ILC

|~6

|

Secretes signalling molecules
Regulates immune cells

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Spits H, Cupedo T | title = Innate lymphoid cells: emerging insights in development, lineage relationships, and function | journal = Annual Review of Immunology | volume = 30 | issue = 1 | pages = 647–675 | date = 2012-04-23 | pmid = 22224763 | doi = 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075053 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = de Lucía Finkel P, Sherwood C, Saranchova I, Xia W, Munro L, Pfeifer CG, Piret JM, Jefferies WA | display-authors = 6 | title = Serum free culture for the expansion and study of type 2 innate lymphoid cells | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 12233 | date = June 2021 | pmid = 34112824 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-021-91500-z | pmc = 8192527 | bibcode = 2021NatSR..1112233D }}

|Natural killer cell

|Innate lymphoid cell

|

NK cell
Large granular lymphocytes
LGL

|6-7

|

|{{cite journal | vauthors = Vivier E, Raulet DH, Moretta A, Caligiuri MA, Zitvogel L, Lanier LL, Yokoyama WM, Ugolini S | display-authors = 6 | title = Innate or adaptive immunity? The example of natural killer cells | journal = Science | volume = 331 | issue = 6013 | pages = 44–49 | date = January 2011 | pmid = 21212348 | pmc = 3089969 | doi = 10.1126/science.1198687 | bibcode = 2011Sci...331...44V }}

References

{{Reflist}}

Category:Immune system

Category:Immunology

Category:Human cells