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List of kings of the Lombards

{{Short description|None}}

{{see also|List of queens of the Lombards}}

Image:Iron_Crown.JPG, displayed in the Cathedral of Monza]]

The kings of the Lombards or reges Langobardorum (singular rex Langobardorum) were the monarchs of the Lombard people from the early 6th century until the Lombardic identity became lost in the 9th and 10th centuries. After 774, the kings were not Lombards, but Franks. From the 12th century, the votive crown and reliquary known as the Iron Crown (Corona Ferrea) retrospectively became a symbol of their rule, though it was never used by Lombard kings.

The primary sources for the Lombard kings before the Frankish conquest are the anonymous 7th-century Origo Gentis Langobardorum and the 8th-century Historia Langobardorum of Paul the Deacon. The earliest kings (the pre-Lethings) listed in the Origo are almost certainly legendary. They purportedly reigned during the Migration Period. The first ruler attested independently of Lombard tradition is Tato.

Early rulers

=Legendary rulers=

  • Shava
  • Ybor and Agio, brothers, together with their mother Gambara, who led the emigration from Scandinavia
  • Agilmund, son of Agio
  • Laiamicho (Lamissio)
  • Ortnit

=[[Lething dynasty]]=

The Lethings were an early dynasty from the time of Lethuc. The last ruling descendant of Lethuc was Walthari, whose son was in turn displaced by Audoin of the family of the Gausi.

  • Lethuc (fl. c. 400), ruled for some 40 years.
  • Aldihoc (mid-5th century)
  • Godehoc (480s), led the Lombards into modern-day Austria
  • Claffo (fl. c. 500)
  • Tato (early 6th century, died perhaps 510), his son Ildichus died in exile
  • Wacho (510–539), son of Unichus
  • Walthari (539–546), son of Wacho

=[[Gausian dynasty]]=

Kings in Italy

{{see also|Kingdom of the Lombards}}

=[[Gausian dynasty]]=

=Unnamed dynasty=

:Rule of the Dukes (Ten year interregnum)

  • Authari (584–590), son of previous
  • Agilulf (591–c. 616), cousin of previous

=[[Bavarian dynasty]]=

=Non-dynastic king=

=[[Harodingians]]=

=[[Bavarian dynasty]], First Restoration=

=[[List of Dukes and Princes of Benevento|Beneventan dynasty]]=

=[[Bavarian dynasty]], Second Restoration=

=Non-dynastic kings=

=[[Carolingian dynasty]]=

Charlemagne conquered the Lombards in 774 at the invitation of Pope Adrian I.

  • Charlemagne (774–781) in personal union, passed kingship to his third son, Pepin.
  • Pepin (or Pippin) (781–810), king under authority of Charlemagne
  • Bernard (810–818)
  • Lothair I (818–839)
  • Louis II (839–875)

The title rex Langobardorum, synonymous with rex Italiae, lasted well into the High Middle Ages,{{cite web

| url = http://www.germantribes.org/tribes/Lombards/Lombard%20Rulers/kingsline.htm

| title = German Tribes org Lombard Kings

| work = GermanTribes.org

| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100718043340/http://www.germantribes.org/tribes/Lombards/Lombard%20Rulers/kingsline.htm

| archivedate = 2010-07-18

| accessdate = 2010-07-18

}} but subsequent holders are found at King of Italy.

Family tree

{{chart top|width=100%|collapsed=no|Family tree of Lombards Kings}}

style="text-align:left;"|

The colors denotes the monarchs from the Houses of:

style="text-align:left;"|

{{color box|#afa}} - Lething dynasty

{{color box|#FA8072}} - Gausian dynasty

{{color box|#EEC900}} - Unnamed dynasty

{{color box|#adf}} - Bavarian dynasty

|valign=top|

|style="text-align:left;"|

{{color box|#C0C0C0}} - Non-dynastic king

{{color box|#faa}} - Harodingians

{{color box|#84DE02}} - Beneventan dynasty

{{color box|#B57EDC}} - Carolingian dynasty

|valign=top|

|style="text-align:left;"|

30px - Ruler of the Kingdom of Lombards (Regnum Langobardorum / Regnum totius Italiae)


{{chart/start|align=center|style=font-size:112%|summary=Family tree of the Lombards kings of Italy}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | LET | | | | | | | | | | | | | LET=Lethuc

|boxstyle_ LET=background-color: #afa;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | ALD | | | | | | | | | | | | | ALD=Aldihoc

|boxstyle_ ALD=background-color: #afa;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | GDH | | | | | | | | | | | | | GDH=Godehoc

|boxstyle_ GDH=background-color: #afa;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | CLA | | | | | | | | | | | | | CLA=Claffo

|boxstyle_ CLA=background-color: #afa;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | TAT | | UNI | | | | | | | | | | | TAT=Tato
died 510 | UNI=Unichus

|boxstyle_ TAT=background-color: #afa;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | WAC |y| AUS | | | | | | AUD | | | WAC=Wacho
r. 510-539 | AUS=Austrigusa
of the Gepids
fl. 531 | AUD=Audoin
r. 545-565

|boxstyle_ WAC=background-color: #afa;

|boxstyle_ AUD=background-color: #FA8072;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|'| |!| | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| |}}

{{chart| | CLE | | | | | | WAT | | GRB |y| WAL |~| The | | GRA | | ALB |CLE=30px
Cleph
?-572-574 | GRA=Grasulf I
of Friuli
died 571 | ALB=30px
Alboin
530-565-572 | GRB=Garibald I
of Bavaria
540-591 | WAL=Waldrada
of Neustria
531-572 | The=Theudebald of Austrasia | WAT=Walthari
539-546

|boxstyle_ CLE=background-color: #EEC900;

|boxstyle_ WAT=background-color: #afa;

|boxstyle_ ALB=background-color: #FA8072;}}

{{chart| | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|.| |}}

{{chart| | AUT |~| THE |y| AGI | | | | | | GUN | | |!| | | GIS | | TAS | AUT=30px
Authari
540-84-90 | THE=Theodelinda
of Bavaria
570-628 | AGI=30px
Agilulf
555-590-616 | GUN=Gundoald
Duke of Asti
565-616 | GIS=Gisulf I
of Friuli
died 590 | TAS=Tassilo I
of Bavaria
560-610|

|boxstyle_ AUT=background-color: #EEC900;

|boxstyle_ AGI=background-color: #EEC900;}}

{{chart| | | | | | |,|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| |}}

{{chart| | ROT |y| GDB |~| ARI | | ADA | | API | | ROM |y| GIS | | GBD | ROM=Romilda
of Friuli
died 611 | GIS=Gisulf II
of Friuli
died 611 | ROT=30px
Rothari
606-636-652 | GDB=Gundeberga
born 591 | ARI=30px
Arioald
?-626-636 | ADA=30px
Adaloald
602-616-
626-628 | API=30px
Aripert I
?-653-661 | GBD=Garibald II
of Bavaria
585-625

|boxstyle_ ROT=background-color: #faa;

|boxstyle_ ARI=background-color: #C0C0C0;

|boxstyle_ ADA=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ API=background-color: #adf;}}

{{chart| | |,|-|'| | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|(| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |Q| |}}

{{chart| | RAD | | RDE |y| PRC | | GDE | | THO |y| GRI | | GEL |y| THE | RAD=30px
Rodoald
637-652-653 | RDE=Rodelinda | PRC=30px
Perctarit
?-661-662-
671-688 | GDE=30px
Godepert
?-661-662 | THO=Theodota(?) | GRI=30px
Grimoald
610-662-671 | THE=Theodo V
of Bavaria
625-716 | GEL=Gella
of Friuli

|boxstyle_ RAD=background-color: #faa;

|boxstyle_ PRC=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ GDE=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ GRI=background-color: #84DE02;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | |`|-|.| | | | | |`|-|.| |}}

{{chart| | ALA | | | | CNP | | | | RGP | | ANS | | GRB | | GOT |y| DNU | ALA=30px
Alahis
r. 689 | CNP=30px
Cunipert
r. 688-689,
689-700 | RGP=30px
Raginpert
r. 701 | GRB=30px
Garibald
r. 671 | ANS=30px
Ansprand
657-712-712 | GOT=Gotfrid
of Alemannia
died 709 | DNU=daughter,
name unknown

|boxstyle_ CNP=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ ALA=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ RGP=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ ANS=background-color: #C0C0C0;

|boxstyle_ GRB=background-color: #84DE02;}}

{{chart| | | | | | |,|-|'| |,|-|-|-|'| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| |`|-|.| |}}

{{chart| | | | | | LIP | | AR2 | | PEM |y| RIT | | UNK | | LIU | | ODI |AR2=30px
Aripert II
r. 701-702,
702-712 | LIP=30px
Liutpert
r. 700-
701, 702 | UNK=sibling,
name unknown | LIU=30px
Liutprand
r. 712-744 | RIT=Ritpurga | PEM=Pemmo
of Friuli
died 739 | ODI=Odilo
of Bavaria
died 748

|boxstyle_ AR2=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ LIP=background-color: #adf;

|boxstyle_ LIU=background-color: #C0C0C0;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | |!| |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | RCH | | AIS | | HIL | | DES | | |!| | RCH=30px
Ratchis
r. 744-749 | AIS=30px
Aistulf
?-749-756 | HIL=30px
Hildeprand
r. 735-744 | DES=30px
Desiderius
?-756-774-786

|boxstyle_ RCH=background-color: #C0C0C0;

|boxstyle_ AIS=background-color: #C0C0C0;

|boxstyle_ HIL=background-color: #C0C0C0;

|boxstyle_ DES=background-color: #C0C0C0;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|(| | | |!| |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | HIL |y| CLM |~| DSA | | LPA |~| TSO | | DSA=Desiderata
fl. 770 | LPA=Liutperga
fl. 763 | TSO=Tassilo III
of Bavaria
741-796 | HIL=Hildegard
754-783 | CLM=30px
Charles
the Great
748-778-814

|boxstyle_ CLM=background-color: #B57EDC;}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | KOI | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | KOI=kings of
Italy | KIN=Kings of
Italy}}

{{chart/end}}

{{chart bottom}}

Notes

Sources

  • {{cite book|last=Oman|first=Charles|author-link=Charles Oman|year=1914|edition=Sixth|title=The Dark Ages, 476–918|publisher=Rivingtons|location=London|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.81645#page/n9/mode/2up}}

{{Former monarchies Italian peninsula}}

Lombards Kings

de:Langobarden#Könige der Langobarden

et:Langobardid#Langobardide kuningate loend

ru:Лангобардское королевство#Короли лангобардов