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List of locations in Aksai Chin

{{Short description|none}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}

This is a list of basins, camping grounds, lakes, mountains, mountain passes, outposts, plains, rivers, ruins, settlements, streams, valleys, villages, and other geographical features located in (or partially included in) the sparsely populated Aksai Chin region administered by China. (Originally a part of India but occupied by China). The alternate language names of locations in the Aksai Chin area are included for reference.

{{Expand list|date=December 2019}}

File:Aksai detail.png

File:Plate 23. Sect. II- Chinese Turkistan, Kashmir & Jamu of maps of Constables 1893 hand atlas.jpg

File:China West 1906-08 Sven Hedin.jpg (1906–8) including Aksai Chin (RGS, early 20th century)]]

{{multiple image

| align = right

| width = 225

| image1 = Map India and Pakistan 1-250,000 Tile NI 44-1 Tsorul Tso.jpg

| alt1 =

| caption1 = Map NI44-1 including part of Aksai Chin area (north) (AMS, 1955){{efn|name=delin|From map: "THE DELINEATION OF INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES ON THIS MAP MUST NOT BE CONSIDERED AUTHORITATIVE"}}

| image2 = NI-44-1 Aksai Chin.jpg

| alt2 =

| caption2 = Map NI44-1 including part of Aksai Chin area (north) (DMA, 1982)

}}

{{multiple image

| align = right

| width = 225

| image1 = Map India and Pakistan 1-250,000 Tile NI 44-5 Shyok.jpg

| alt1 =

| caption1 = Map NI44-5 including part of the Aksai Chin area (central) (AMS, 1955){{efn|name=delin}}

| image2 = Ni-44-5-shyok-jammu and kashmir-china.pdf

| alt2 =

| caption2 = Map NI44-5 including part of Aksai Chin labeled 'STATUS IN DISPUTE' (DIA, 1967)

}}

File:NI-44-06 Lungmu Co, China.jpg, 1989)]]

{{multiple image

| align = right

| width = 225

| image1 = Map India and Pakistan 1-250,000 Tile NI 44-9 Pangong Tso.jpg

| alt1 =

| caption1 = Map NI44-9 including part of the Aksai Chin area (south) (AMS, 1954){{efn|name=delin}}

| image2 = Ni-44-9-chushul-china-india.pdf

| alt2 =

| caption2 = Map NI44-9 including part of Aksai Chin (DMA, 1982)

}}

File:Txu-oclc-6654394-ni-44-3rd-ed.jpg, Map NI44, 3rd edition including most of the Aksai Chin area (AMS, 1950){{efn|name=delin}}]]

File:Operational Navigation Chart G-7, 6th edition.jpg, 1980){{efn|From map: "The representation of international boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."}}]]

File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 g-7d.jpg, 1995){{efn|From map: "The representation of boundaries is not necessarily authoritative."}}]]

Man made

={{anchor|Outposts}} Settlements=

class="wikitable"

|+Overview of settlements in Aksai Chin

scope="col"| Name

!scope="col"| Purpose

!scope="col"| In Use

!scope="col"| Notes

scope="row"| Heweitan{{GEOnet2|32FA8856C1E53774E0440003BA962ED3|Heweitan (Approved – N) }}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DwAFjZLxgzU|via=YouTube|script-title=zh:20140419 军营大舞台 走进全军海拔最高的边防连——河尾滩|language=zh-hans|date=19 April 2014|accessdate=26 December 2019|publisher=CCTV-国防军事}}

| Border outpost

{{Yes}}
scope="row"| Huoshaoyun{{cite journal|last1=Gao|first1=Ting|last2=Yi|first2=Huan|last3=Han|first3=Ling|last4=Ren|first4=Guangli|last5=Yang|first5=Min|title=Detection of Pb–Zn mineralization zones in west Kunlun using Landsat 8 and ASTER remote sensing data|journal=Journal of Applied Remote Sensing|volume=12|issue=2|year=2018|pages=1|issn=1931-3195|doi=10.1117/1.JRS.12.026018|bibcode=2018JARS...12b6018Y|doi-access=free}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/759128968|title = Way: Huoshaoyun Lead-Zinc Mine (759128968)| date=29 December 2019 }}

| Mining site

{{Yes}}
scope="row"|Khurnak Fort

| Ruins

{{Partial}}Modern buildings nearby
scope="row"| Tianshuihai

| Army service station

{{Yes}}
scope="row"| Tianwendian

| Border outpost

{{Yes}}
scope="row"| {{ill|Wenquan (output)|zh|温泉 (中华人民共和国哨所)}}{{GEOnet2|6B4D1F637272185CE0535FB81CD602B1|Wenquan (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency{{cite web|url=http://k.sina.com.cn/article_6446538128_1803e5d900010056xh.html|script-title=zh:天空防区：戍守中印千里边境线|language=zh-hans|date=1 February 2018|accessdate=26 December 2019}}

| Border outpost

{{Yes}}Also translated Hot Spring ({{lang|zh-hans|温泉哨所}}). Not to be confused with the Indian border outpost at Hot Springs, Chang Chenmo Valley.

=Highway features =

; Intersections and waysides

  • Quanshuigou (泉水沟) – highway wayside
  • Tielongtan{{GEOnet2|32FA882688733774E0440003BA962ED3|Tielongtan (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency{{cite book|via=Internet Archive|title=Concise EARTHBOOK|location=Yugoslavia|publisher=Esselte Map Service|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseearthbook00esse|url-access=registration|date=1990|quote=Tielongtan|page=[https://archive.org/details/conciseearthbook00esse/page/67 67]|isbn=1-877731-02-1}}{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/CompleteAtlasOfTheWorld3rdEdition2016|title=Complete Atlas Of The World|edition=3|publisher=Penguin Random House|isbn=978-1-4654-4401-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/CompleteAtlasOfTheWorld3rdEdition2016/page/n341 238]|quote=Tielongtan|via=Internet Archive|date=2016}} (T’ieh-lung-t’an; {{lang|zh-hans|铁隆滩}}{{GEOnet2|D512C04985CBECFAE040D6A413F75BA3|铁隆滩 (Non-Roman Script – NS)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency) – intersection with road to Wenquan{{Cite web

| title = 5808米！我们到了温泉达坂，位于新疆和田地区和田县喀喇昆仑无人区

| author = 航空物语

| work = Sina

| date = 2019-10-24

| access-date = 17 January 2020

| url = https://k.sina.com.cn/article_1340723374_p4fe9d0ae02700itcy.html

| language = zh

| quote = 新藏公路由铁隆滩通向印控克什米尔边界的温泉边防哨卡的支线公路通过温泉达坂。

}}

  • Chalukou (岔路口; Fork) – Intersection of road to Tianwendian, Heweitan, and G219. It is possibly also a geology camp supporting nearby prospecting operations.{{cite journal

| title = The application of geochemical exploration to geological prospecting in Tianshuihai area of Western Kunlun Mountains

| last1 = Xie

| first1 = Yu

| last2 = Tao

| first2 = Ling

| last3 = Li

| first3 = Hui

| last4 = Xie

| first4 = Xian-Gang

| last5 = Zhao

| first5 = Sen

| last6 = Zaho

| first6 = Tong-Shou

| via = wutanyuhuatan.com

| date = 2017

| journal = Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

| access-date = 6 January 2020

| url = http://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/article/2017/1000-8918/1000-8918-41-3-410.html

| language = zh

| doi=10.11720/wtyht.2017.3.04

| quote =

}}

On some maps, the road intersections in the region are also referred to with the simple named "(blank)岔口" where "(blank)" is the Chinese initial of the destination, and 岔口 simply means "road fork". For example, 天岔口, 河岔口, and 空岔口 for the road forks to Tianwendian, Heweinan, and Kongka Pass respectively.

; Highway maintenance squad

  • No. 509 Highway Maintenance Squad{{cite journal|last1=Bi|first1=Hua|last2=Wang|first2=Zhonggang|last3=Wang|first3=Yuanlong|last4=Zhu|first4=Xiaoqing|title=History of tectono-magmatic evolution in the Western Kunlun Orogen|journal=Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences|volume=42|issue=6|year=1999|pages=604–619|issn=1006-9313|doi=10.1007/BF02877788|bibcode=1999ScChD..42..604B|s2cid=129824878|quote=resulting in the formation of a series of pre-collisional granites (e.g. the adamellite (J2) at No. 509 Highway Maintenance Squad}} - southeast of Dahongliutan few kilometers inside Indian claim
  • No. 635 Highway Maintenance Squad{{Cite web

| title = Research on the technology for safe operation and management of alpine cold and high-altitude highway

| author = Huang Yong

| author2 = Liu Tao

| author3 = Ye Junming

| author4 = John Jesper Elsander

| publisher = Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute

| date = 15-17 May 2013

| access-date = 17 January 2020

| url = https://www.vti.se/en/publications/publication/research-on-the-technology-for-safe-operation-and-_757550

| quote = Qitai Daban, a sweet water lake{{sic}}, the No. 635 highway maintenance squad

}} – just north of Xinjiang Tibet provincial border

=Camping grounds=

Including camping grounds on historical caravan routes in Aksai Chin:

; With improvements (modern & historical)

  • Bilongtan{{Cite journal

| title = 新疆和田县碧龙潭铅锌矿地质特征及找矿方向

| trans-title = Geological characteristics and prospecting direction of Bilongtan lead-zinc deposit in Hetian county, Xinjiang

| url = http://dzzklc.geojournals.cn/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20190303&journal_id=dzzklc

| last1 = Yu

| first1 = Yuanjun

| last2 = Xiong

| first2 = Liming

| last3 = Yang

| first3 = Kaihua

| date = March 2019

| language = zh

| quote =

| journal = Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research

| volume = 34

| number = 3

| doi = 10.6053/j.issn.1001-1412.2019.03.003

}} – possibly geology camp for mining prospecting

  • Dehra Compass (NI44-5, KP8)
  • Hajji Langar{{GEOnet2|32FA8822F74A3774E0440003BA962ED3|Hajji Langar (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44-1, LQ5)/Haji Langar (哈吉栏干) (Qara Qāsh){{cite book|author=Jeannette Mirsky|title=Sir Aurel Stein: Archaeological Explorer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q3YKfArws2QC&pg=PA308|date=October 1998|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-53177-9|page=308|quote=In the Aksai Chin region he constructed a number of stone shelters (langar), and one of these was Haji Langar on the Karakash.}}
  • Qizil-yilga or Qizil Jilga (NI44-1, LQ1) (克孜勒吉勒干 or 克孜勒吉勒尕)
  • Note: Chinese locations are slightly different, see Chalukou above. However, 克孜勒吉勒干 and 克孜勒吉勒尕 are used to signify 2 different valleys nearby.

; Unimproved

These are simply referred to as halting place which are places with sufficient vegetation, water, or natural shelter to warrant stopping or camping for historical caravans that depended upon beasts of burden.

  • Amtogor{{GEOnet2|32FA882321D83774E0440003BA962ED3|Amtogor (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44) {{coord|35|03|12|N|079|49|03|E}}
  • Burtsātāng (NI44-5, LP3)
  • Chong-tash (NI44-1, KQ8)
  • Dambu Guru / Tang-pu-ku-lu (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Digra (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Dong-lung (NI44-1, KQ9) (羌隆山口; referred to as a mountain pass in Chinese)
  • Dungure (NI44-9, LN1)
  • Gunnu / Kun-nu (NI44-5, LN3)
  • Huzākhar{{GEOnet2|32FA8822F3C23774E0440003BA962ED3|Huzākhar (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44-1, LP4) {{Coord|35|08|12|N|079|18|34|E}}
  • Kongka Seru (NI44-5, LP3)
  • Kota Jilga (NI44-5, KP0) (科塔)
  • Kyapsang Tardad (NI44-5, LP2)
  • Kyrmgo Traggar/Kyrmgō Traggar{{GEOnet2|32FA8822DC393774E0440003BA962ED3|Kyrmgō Traggar (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44-5, LP3)
  • Lak Tsung{{GEOnet2|32FA8822DB3B3774E0440003BA962ED3|Lak Tsung (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44-1, LP5)
  • Mapo Tāng (NI44-1, LQ5)
  • Migpāl Kogma (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Nischu (NI44-5, LP2) (尼斯楚)
  • Nyagzu (NI44-5, LN1) ({{Zh|c=尼亚格祖|p=Ní yǎ gé zǔ}})
  • Nyingri (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Palong Karpo (NI44-1, LQ3)
  • Panglung (NI44-5, KP9) (班隆)
  • Samzungling (NI44-5, KP9) (萨木崇岭)
  • Shinglung (NI44-1, KP9)
  • Shor-jilga (NI44-1, KQ5)
  • Sirijap (NI44-9, KN9)
  • Stathrao (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Sumdo{{GEOnet2|32FA882695A03774E0440003BA962ED3|Sumdo (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44-1, KP8) {{coord|35|04|57|N|078|44|44|E}}
  • Sumna (NI44-1, LQ2)
  • Sumnal (NI44-1, KQ8)
  • Tagda-koram-davan (NI44-1, LQ1)
  • Tak-marpo (NI44-1, LQ0)
  • Thaldat Mapho Tāng{{GEOnet2|32FA8822D2BA3774E0440003BA962ED3|Thaldat Mapho Tāng (Variant – V)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44) In October 1963, a radar site {{convert|6|nmi|km|abbr=on}} northeast of Thaldat Mapho Tāng included a radar antenna, seven tents and three support buildings.{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/CIA-RDP69B00404R000300100031-8/page/n9|title=CABLE FROM AFSSO USAF TO SSO DIA|publisher=CIA|date=11 October 1963|via=Internet Archive}}
  • Tsotāng (NI44-5, LP4)
  • Yangpa (NI44)
  • Yapchan (NI44-1, LQ1)
  • Yūla (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Zālung Seru (NI44-5, LP4)

Topographical features

=Plains and basins=

=Mountain passes=

'Dawan'{{cite web|location=Washington, D. C.|url=http://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/maps/imw/txu-oclc-6654394-ni-44-3rd-ed.jpg|language=en|title=NI 44 Pangong Tso|date=1950|via=Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection|publisher=Army Map Service|quote=Haji Langar (Qara Qāsh){...}Khitai Dawān{...}Aq-qum Dawān{...}Mapo-thang La{...}Mangrik Basin{...}Tso Thang{...}Konka La{...}Lanak La{...}Domjar La (Kone La){...}dawan-----pass{...}la----pass}} and 'La' refer to a mountain pass.

  • Āne La (NI44-9, KN9) ({{Zh|c=爱尼山口|p=Ài ní shānkǒu}})
  • Aq-qum Dawān (NI44)
  • Chānglung Barma La (NI44-5, LP1)
  • Chānglung La (NI44-5, KP9)
  • Kyungang La/Chungang La (NI44-5, LN2) ({{zh|c=君岗达坂|p=Jūn gǎng dá bǎn}})
  • Dehra La (NI44-5, KP9)
  • Domjor La (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Kara-tāgh Dawān (NI44-1, KQ6)
  • Khitai Davan (NI44-1, KQ6)/Khitai Dawān/Khitai Dawan{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/collinsworldatla00harp|url-access=registration|title=Collins World Atlas Illustrated Edition|publisher=HarperCollins|page=[https://archive.org/details/collinsworldatla00harp/page/82 82]|edition=3rd|isbn=978-0-00-723168-3|quote=Khitai Dawan|date=2007|via=Internet Archive}} ({{lang|zh-hans|奇台达坂}})
  • Kiu La (NI44-5, KN9) ({{Zh|c=基乌拉山口|p=Jī wū lā shānkǒu}})
  • Kone La (NI44-5, LN5)/Domjar La
  • Kongka Pass (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Konka La (NI44) (科尼山口)
  • Lanak La (NI44-6)
  • Mabdo La/Mobdo La (NI44-5, LP2)
  • Mapo-thang Pass (NI44-1, LQ4)/Mapo-thang La
  • Qisil Davan (NI44-1, LQ2)
  • Qizil Dawan (NI44-1, LP3)
  • Rezang La (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Spanggur Gap (NI44-9, KN9)
  • Stathrao La (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Toglung Marpo La{{GEOnet2|32FA8822A2023774E0440003BA962ED3|Toglung Marpo La (Approved – N)}}, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NI44-5, LN3) {{Coord|34|17|04|N|079|11|55|E}}
  • Yūla La (NI44-9, LN0)

=Lakes=

=Mountains=

=Rivers and streams=

  • Ang (NI44-9, LN1)
  • Ān Zurma / Ānsurma (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Chang Chenmo River ({{zh|c=羌臣摩河|p=Qiāng chén mó hé}})
  • Chānglung (NI44-5, KP9 & LP0)
  • Chūmesang (NI44-5, LN1)
  • Drokpo Karpo (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Galwan River (NI44-5, LP0)
  • Karakash River (Qara Qāsh River)
  • Kiu (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Kugrung River (NI44-5, KP9)
  • Kyapsang (NI44-5, LP1) ({{zh|c=应基隆河|p=Yīng jīlóng hé}}; different name possibly from Tibetan"sNying Rong" meaning "heart valley". Nyingri (sNying ri), meaning heart mountain, is nearby.)
  • Lubang Kongma (NI44-5, LN1)
  • Lubang Yogma (NI44-5, LN1)
  • Nertse (NI44-5, LN3)
  • Omalung (NI44-9, LN1)
  • Pangsher (NI44-9, LN1)
  • Qara-tagh-su (NI44-1, KQ6)
  • Ramjor (NI44-5, LN1)
  • Sachuk Kongma (NI44-5, LN2)
  • Silung Barma (NI44-5, LN1) ({{zh|c=西隆格巴尔玛河|p=Xī lóng gé bā'ěr mǎ hé}})
  • Silung Kongma (NI44-5, LN1) ({{zh|c=西隆格康格玛河|p=Xī lóng gé kāng gé mǎ hé}})
  • Skyangzum (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Stathrao (NI44-5, LN3)
  • Surlah (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Thaldat (NI44-1, LQ4)
  • Toglung Marpo (NI44-5, LN4)

=Valleys and gorges=

'Lungpa' refers to a valley or stream

  • Burtsa Lungpa (NI44-1, KQ7)
  • Chānglung Lungpa (NI44-9, LN1), also called Chang Parma or Chang Barma
  • Chorten Lungpa (NI44-1, KQ5)
  • Kone Rong (NI44-5, LN4)
  • Lungnak Lungpa (NI44-1, KQ3)
  • Migpal Lungpa (Chumesang valley, NI 44-5, LN2)
  • Pilung Lungpa (NI44-9, KN9)
  • Rezang Lungpa (NI44-9, LN0)
  • Samar Lungpa (NI44-1, KQ3)
  • Shamal Lungpa (NI44-5, LP1)
  • Skydpo Lungpa (NI44-6, just below 35°00'N, 79°45'E)
  • Sum-dzom Lungpa (NI44-1, KQ7)
  • Takhta Lungpa (NI44-1, KQ6)
  • Valle Ignota (NI44-1, LQ1)
  • Yamar Lungpa (NI44-1, KQ7)
  • Yūla Lungpa (NI44-9, LN0)

See also

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Ladakh}}

Locations

Category:Geography of Ladakh

Category:Geography of Tibet

Category:Geography of Xinjiang

Category:History of Ladakh

Category:History of the Republic of India

Category:Hotan Prefecture

Category:Ladakh

Aksai Chin

Category:Territorial disputes of India

Aksai Chin, Locations in