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List of marine mammal species

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Marine mammals comprise over 130 living and recently extinct species in three taxonomic orders. The Society for Marine Mammalogy, an international scientific society, maintains a list of valid species and subspecies, most recently updated in October 2015.{{cite web|url=https://marinemammalscience.org/species-information/list-marine-mammal-species-subspecies/|title=The Society for Marine Mammalogy's Taxonomy Committee List of Species and Subspecies |publisher=Society for Marine Mammalogy |date=October 2015 |accessdate=12 June 2020 }} This list follows the Society's taxonomy regarding and subspecies.

Conservation status codes listed follow the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v. 2014.3; data current at 19 January 2015{{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/ | title = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | publisher = International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources | accessdate = 19 January 2015}}) and are clickable to link to IUCN Red List species pages.

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{{IUCN status|EX}} - extinct

{{IUCN status|EW}} - extinct in the wild

{{IUCN status|CR}} - critically endangered

{{IUCN status|EN}} - endangered

{{IUCN status|VU}} - vulnerable

{{IUCN status|NT}} - near threatened

{{IUCN status|LC}} - least concern

{{IUCN status|DD}} - data deficient

{{IUCN status|NE}} - not evaluated

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Order [[Cetartiodactyla]]

Footnote on use of Cetartiodactyla{{efn| The use of Order Cetartiodactyla, instead of Cetacea with Suborders Odontoceti and Mysticeti, is favored by most evolutionary mammalogists working with molecular data{{cite journal |title=The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: the importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies |journal=Mol Phylogenet Evol |year=2008 |last1=Agnarsson |first1=I. |last2=May-Collado |first2=LJ. |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=964–985 |pmid=18590827 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2008.05.046}}{{cite journal |title=A complete phylogeny of the whales, dolphins and even-toed hoofed mammals – Cetartiodactyla |journal=Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc |year=2005 |last1=Price |first1=SA. |last2=Bininda-Emonds |first2=OR. |last3=Gittleman |first3=JL. |volume=80 |issue=3 |pages=445–473 |pmid=16094808 |doi=10.1017/s1464793105006743|s2cid=45056197 }}{{cite journal |title=Phylogenetic relationships of artiodactyls and cetaceans as deduced from the comparison of cytochrome b and 12S RNA mitochondrial sequences |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |year=1997 |last1=Montgelard |first1=C. |last2=Catzeflis |first2=FM. |last3=Douzery |first3=E. |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=550–559 |pmid=9159933 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025792|doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |title=Relationships of Cetacea -Artiodactyla- Among Mammals: Increased Taxon Sampling Alters Interpretations of Key Fossils and Character Evolution |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=e7062 |year=2009 |last1= Spaulding |first1=M. |last2=O'Leary |first2=MA. |last3=Gatesy |first3=J. |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0007062 |pmid=19774069 |bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.7062S |pmc=2740860|doi-access=free }} and is supported by the IUCN Cetacean Specialist Group[http://www.iucn-csg.org/index.php/taxonomy/ Cetacean Species and Taxonomy]. iucn-csg.org and by the Taxonomy Committee[https://www.marinemammalscience.org/species-information/list-of-marine-mammal-species-subspecies/ "The Society for Marine Mammalogy's Taxonomy Committee List of Species and subspecies"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106152733/https://www.marinemammalscience.org/species-information/list-of-marine-mammal-species-subspecies/ |date=2015-01-06 }}. of the Society for Marine Mammalogy, the largest international association of marine mammal scientists in the world. See Cetartiodactyla and Marine mammal articles for further discussion.}}

=[[Cetacea]]=

=[[Mysticeti]]=

==[[Balaenidae]]==

==[[Balaenopteridae]]==

  • Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2474/0 {{IUCN status|LC|2474}}] (ssp. acutorostrata - North Atlantic minke whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. scammoni - North Pacific minke whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, unnamed ssp. dwarf minke whale {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Antarctic minke whale, Balaenoptera bonaerensis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2480/0 {{IUCN status|DD|2480}}]
  • Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2475/0 {{IUCN status|EN|2475}}] (ssp. borealis - northern sei whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. schlegellii - southern sei whale {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2476/0 {{IUCN status|DD|2476}}] (ssp. brydei - Bryde's whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. edeni - Eden's whale {{IUCN status|NE}} )
  • Omura's whale, Balaenoptera omurai [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/136623/0 {{IUCN status|DD|136623}}]
  • Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2477/0 {{IUCN status|EN|2477}}] (ssp. musculus - northern blue whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. brevicauda - pygmy blue whale [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2479/0 {{IUCN status|DD|2479}}], ssp. intermedia - southern blue whale [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41713/0 {{IUCN status|CR|41713}}], ssp. indica - great Indian blue whale {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2478/0 {{IUCN status|EN|2478}}] (ssp. patachonica pygmy fin whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. physalus - northern fin whale {{IUCN status|NE}} but Mediterranean Subpopulation [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/16208224/0 {{IUCN status|VU|16208224}}], ssp. quoyi - southern fin whale {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13006/0 {{IUCN status|LC|13006}}] (ssp. novaeangliae North Atlantic humpback whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. kuzira - North Pacific humpback whale {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. australis - southern humpback whale {{IUCN status|NE}} but Oceania subpopulation [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/132832/0 {{IUCN status|EN|132832}}], isolated subpopulation in Arabian Sea [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/132835/0 {{IUCN status|EN|132835}}])

==[[Neobalaenidae]]==

  • Pygmy right whale, Caperea marginata [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3778/0 {{IUCN status|DD|3778}}]

==[[Eschrichtiidae]]==

  • Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8097/0 {{IUCN status|LC|8097}}]

=[[Odontoceti]]=

==[[Physeteridae]]==

  • Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41755/0 {{IUCN status|VU|41755}}]

==[[Kogiidae]]==

  • Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11047/0 {{IUCN status|DD|11047}}]
  • Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia simus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11048/0 {{IUCN status|DD|11048}}]

==[[Ziphiidae]]==

[http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2762/0 {{IUCN status|DD|2762}}]

  • Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2763/0 {{IUCN status|DD|2763}}]
  • Sato's beaked whale, Berardius minimus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/178756893/0 {{IUCN status|NT|178756893}}]
  • Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10707/0 {{IUCN status|DD|10707}}]
  • Southern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon planifrons [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10708/0 {{IUCN status|LC|10708}}]
  • Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/40635/0 {{IUCN status|DD|40635}}]
  • Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13241/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13241}}]
  • Andrews' beaked whale, Mesoplodon bowdoini [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13242/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13242}}]
  • Hubbs' beaked whale, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13243/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13243}}]
  • Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13244/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13244}}]
  • Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13245/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13245}}]
  • Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13246/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13246}}]
  • Gray's beaked whale, Mesoplodon grayi [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13247/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13247}}]
  • Hector's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hectori [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13248/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13248}}]
  • Deraniyagala's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hotaula {{IUCN status|NE}}
  • Strap-toothed whale, Mesoplodon layardii [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13249/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13249}}]
  • True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13250/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13250}}]
  • Perrin's beaked whale, Mesoplodon perrini [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41759/0 {{IUCN status|DD|41759}}]
  • Pygmy beaked whale, Mesoplodon peruvianus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13251/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13251}}]
  • Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13252/0 {{IUCN status|DD|13252}}]
  • Spade-toothed whale, Mesoplodon traversii [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41760/0 {{IUCN status|DD|41760}}]
  • Shepherd's beaked whale, Tasmacetus shepherdi [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/21500/0 {{IUCN status|DD|21500}}]
  • Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/23211/0 {{IUCN status|LC|23211}}]

==[[Platanistidae]]==

  • Ganges river dolphin, Platanista gangetica [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41756/0 {{IUCN status|EN|41756}}]
  • Indus river dolphin, Platanista minor [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41757/0 {{IUCN status|EN|41757}}]

==[[Iniidae]]==

==[[Lipotidae]]==

  • Baiji, Lipotes vexillifer [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12119/0 {{IUCN status|CR|12119}}], possibly {{IUCN status|EX}}{{cite journal|author1=Samuel T Turvey |author2=Robert L Pitman |author3=Barbara L Taylor |author4=Jay Barlow |author5=Tomonari Akamatsu |author6=Leigh A Barrett |author7=Xiujiang Zhao |author8=Randall R Reeves |author9=Brent S Stewart |author10=Kexiong Wang |author11=Zhuo Wei |author12=Xianfeng Zhang |author13=L.T Pusser |author14=Michael Richlen |author15=John R Brandon |author16=Ding Wang |year=2007|title=First human-caused extinction of a cetacean species?|journal= Biology Letters|volume=3|pages=537–540|doi=10.1098/rsbl.2007.0292|issue=5|pmid=17686754|pmc=2391192}}

==[[Pontoporiidae]]==

  • La Plata dolphin (Franciscana), Pontoporia blainvillei [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/17978/0 {{IUCN status|VU|17978}}]

==[[Monodontidae]]==

  • Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6335/0 {{IUCN status|LC|6335}}] (Cook Inlet Subpopulation [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/61442/0 {{IUCN status|CR|61442}}])
  • Narwhal, Monodon monoceros [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13704/0 {{IUCN status|LC|13704}}]

==[[Delphinidae]]==

==[[Phocoenidae]]==

Order [[Sirenia]]

= [[Trichechidae]] =

  • Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22102/0 {{IUCN status|VU|22102}}]
  • West Indian manatee, Trichechus manatus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22103/0 {{IUCN status|VU|22103}}] (ssp. latirostris - Florida manatee [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22106/0 {{IUCN status|EN|22106}}], ssp. manatus - Antillean manatee [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22105/0 {{IUCN status|EN|22105}}])
  • African manatee, Trichechus senegalensis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22104/0 {{IUCN status|VU|22104}}]

= [[Dugongidae]] =

  • Dugong, Dugong dugon [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6909/0 {{IUCN status|VU|6909}}]
  • Steller's sea cow, Hydrodamalis gigas [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10303/0 {{IUCN status|EX|10303}}]

Order [[Carnivora]]

=[[Pinnipedia]]=

==[[Otariidae]]==

  • Brown fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2060/0 {{IUCN status|LC|2060}}] (ssp. pusillus - Cape fur seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. doriferus - Australian fur seal {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • South American fur seal, Arctophoca australis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2055/0 {{IUCN status|LC|2055}}] (ssp. australis - South American fur seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, unnamed ssp. - Peruvian fur seal {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • New Zealand fur seal, Arctophoca forsteri [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41664/0 {{IUCN status|LC|41664}}]
  • Galápagos fur seal, Arctophoca galapagoensis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2057/0 {{IUCN status|EN|2057}}]
  • Antarctic fur seal, Arctophoca gazella [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2058/0 {{IUCN status|LC|2058}}]
  • Juan Fernández fur seal, Arctophoca philippii [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2059/0 {{IUCN status|LC|2059}}]
  • Guadalupe fur seal, Arctophoca townsendi [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2061/0 {{IUCN status|LC|2061}}]
  • Subantarctic fur seal, Arctophoca tropicalis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2062/0 {{IUCN status|LC|2062}}]
  • Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/3590/0 {{IUCN status|VU|3590}}]
  • Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8239/0 {{IUCN status|NT|8239}}] (ssp. jubatus - western Steller sea lion [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/17367725/0 {{IUCN status|EN|17367725}}], ssp. monteriensis - Loughlin’s Steller sea lion [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/17345844/0 {{IUCN status|LC|17345844}}])
  • Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/14549/0 {{IUCN status|EN|14549}}]
  • South American sea lion, Otaria byronia [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41665/0 {{IUCN status|LC|41665}}]
  • New Zealand sea lion, Phocarctos hookeri [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/17026/0 {{IUCN status|EN|17026}}]
  • California sea lion, Zalophus californianus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41666/0 {{IUCN status|LC|41666}}]
  • Japanese sea lion, Zalophus japonicus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41667/0 {{IUCN status|EX|41667}}]
  • Galápagos sea lion, Zalophus wollebaeki [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41668/0 {{IUCN status|EN|41668}}]

==[[Odobenidae]]==

  • Walrus, Odobenus rosmarus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15106/0 {{IUCN status|DD|15106}}] (ssp. divergens - Pacific walrus {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. rosmarus - Atlantic walrus {{IUCN status|NE}})

==[[Phocidae]]==

  • Hooded seal, Cystophora cristata [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6204/0 {{IUCN status|VU|6204}}]
  • Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8010/0 {{IUCN status|LC|8010}}] (ssp. barbatus - Atlantic bearded seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. nauticus - Pacific bearded seal {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Grey seal, Halichoerus grypus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/9660/0 {{IUCN status|LC|9660}}] (ssp. grypus - Western Atlantic grey seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. macrorhynchus - Eastern Atlantic grey seal {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Ribbon seal, Histriophoca fasciata [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41670/0 {{IUCN status|DD|41670}}]
  • Leopard seal, Hydrurga leptonyx [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/10340/0 {{IUCN status|LC|10340}}]
  • Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddellii [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11696/0 {{IUCN status|LC|11696}}]
  • Crabeater seal, Lobodon carcinophagus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12246/0 {{IUCN status|LC|12246}}]
  • Southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13583/0 {{IUCN status|LC|13583}}]
  • Northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13581/0 {{IUCN status|LC|13581}}]
  • Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13653/0 {{IUCN status|VU|13653}}]
  • Hawaiian monk seal, Neomonachus schauinslandi [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13564/0 {{IUCN status|CR|13654}}]
  • Caribbean monk seal, Neomonachus tropicalis [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/13655/0 {{IUCN status|EX|13655}}]
  • Ross seal, Ommatophoca rossii [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/15269/0 {{IUCN status|LC|15269}}]
  • Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41671/0 {{IUCN status|LC|41671}}]
  • Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/17013/0 {{IUCN status|LC|17013}}] (ssp. vitulina - Atlantic harbor seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. mellonae - Ungava harbor seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. richardii - Pacific harbour seal {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Spotted seal, Phoca largha [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/17023/0 {{IUCN status|DD|17023}}]
  • Ringed seal, Pusa hispida [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41672/0 {{IUCN status|LC|41672}}] (ssp. hispida - Arctic ringed seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. botnica - Baltic ringed seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. ochotensis - Okhotsk ringed seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. ladogensis - Lake Logoda ringed seal {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. saimensis - Saima seal )
  • Caspian seal, Pusa caspica [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41669/0 {{IUCN status|EN|41669}}]
  • Baikal seal, Pusa sibirica [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/41676/0 {{IUCN status|LC|41676}}]

==[[Ursidae]]==

  • Polar bear, Ursus maritimus [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22823/0 {{IUCN status|VU|22823}}]

==[[Mustelidae]]==

  • Sea otter, Enhydra lutris [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/7750/0 {{IUCN status|EN|7750}}] (ssp. kenyoni - northern sea otter {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. lutris - common sea otter {{IUCN status|NE}}, ssp. nereis - southern sea otter {{IUCN status|NE}})
  • Marine otter, Lontra felina [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/12303/0 {{IUCN status|EN|12303}}]
  • Sea mink, Neovison macrodon [http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/40784/0 {{IUCN status|EX|40784}}]

See also

{{portal|Marine life|Oceans}}

Footnotes

{{notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Mammal lists}}

Marine mammals