List of phylogenetics software

{{short description|Compilation of software used to produce phylogenetic trees}}

This list of phylogenetics software is a compilation of computational phylogenetics software used to produce phylogenetic trees. Such tools are commonly used in comparative genomics, cladistics, and bioinformatics. Methods for estimating phylogenies include neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony (also simply referred to as parsimony), unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), Bayesian phylogenetic inference, maximum likelihood, and distance matrix methods.

List

class="wikitable"

! Name

! Description

MethodsAuthor
ADMIXTOOLS{{cite journal |vauthors=Patterson N, Moorjani P, Luo Y, Mallick S, Rohland N, Zhan Y, Genschoreck T, Webster T, Reich D |title=Ancient admixture in human history |journal=Genetics |volume=192 |issue=3 |pages=1065–93 |date=November 2012 |pmid=22960212 |pmc=3522152 |doi=10.1534/genetics.112.145037}}

| R software package that contains the qpGraph, qpAdm, qpWave, and qpDstat programs

|

| Nick Patterson, David Reich

AncesTree{{cite journal |vauthors=El-Kebir M, Oesper L, Acheson-Field H, Raphael BJ |title=Reconstruction of clonal trees and tumor composition from multi-sample sequencing data |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=31 |issue=12 |pages=i62-70 |date=June 2015 |pmid=26072510 |pmc=4542783 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btv261}}

|An algorithm for clonal tree reconstruction from multi-sample cancer sequencing data.

|Maximum Likelihood, Integer Linear Programming (ILP)

|M. El-Kebir, L. Oesper, H. Acheson-Field, B. J. Raphael

AliGROOVE{{cite journal |vauthors=Kück P, Meid SA, Groß C, Wägele JW, Misof B |title=AliGROOVE--visualization of heterogeneous sequence divergence within multiple sequence alignments and detection of inflated branch support |journal=BMC Bioinformatics |volume=15 |pages=294 |date=August 2014 |issue=1 |pmid=25176556 |pmc=4167143 |doi=10.1186/1471-2105-15-294 |doi-access=free}}Visualisation of heterogeneous sequence divergence within multiple sequence alignments and detection of inflated branch supportIdentification of single taxa which show predominately randomized sequence similarity in comparison with other taxa in a multiple sequence alignment and evaluation of the reliability of node support in a given topologyPatrick Kück, Sandra A Meid, Christian Groß, Bernhard Misof, Johann Wolfgang Wägele.
[https://emmanuelparadis.github.io/ ape]{{cite journal |vauthors=Paradis E, Claude J, Strimmer K |title=APE: Analyses of Phylogenetics and Evolution in R language |journal=Bioinformatics |location=Oxford, England |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=289–90 |date=January 2004 |pmid=14734327 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btg412 |doi-access=free}}R-Project package for analysis of phylogenetics and evolutionProvides a large variety of phylogenetics functionsMaintainer: Emmanuel Paradis
Armadillo Workflow Platform{{cite journal |vauthors=Lord E, Leclercq M, Boc A, Diallo AB, Makarenkov V |title=Armadillo 1.1: an original workflow platform for designing and conducting phylogenetic analysis and simulations |journal=PLOS One |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=e29903 |date=2012 |pmid=22253821 |pmc=3256230 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0029903 |bibcode=2012PLoSO...729903L |doi-access=free}}

| Workflow platform dedicated to phylogenetic and general bioinformatic analysis

Inference of phylogenetic trees using Distance, Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony, Bayesian methods and related workflowsE. Lord, M. Leclercq, A. Boc, A.B. Diallo and V. Makarenkov
BAli-Phy{{cite journal |vauthors=Suchard MA, Redelings BD |title=BAli-Phy: simultaneous Bayesian inference of alignment and phylogeny |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=22 |issue=16 |pages=2047–8 |date=August 2006 |pmid=16679334 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btl175 |doi-access=free}}

| Simultaneous Bayesian inference of alignment and phylogeny

Bayesian inference, alignment as well as tree searchM.A. Suchard, B. D. Redelings
BATWING{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson IJ, Weale ME, Balding DJ |title=Inferences from DNA data: population histories, evolutionary processes and forensic match probabilities. |journal=Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A (Statistics in Society) |date=June 2003 |volume=166 |issue=2 |pages=155–88 |doi=10.1111/1467-985X.00264 |doi-access=free}}

| Bayesian Analysis of Trees With Internal Node Generation

Bayesian inference, demographic history, population splitsI. J. Wilson, Weale, D.Balding
[https://www.evolution.reading.ac.uk/BayesPhy.html BayesPhylogenies]{{citation |vauthors=Pagel M, Meade A |title=BayesPhylogenies 1.0. Software distributed by the authors. |date=2007}}

| Bayesian inference of trees using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods

Bayesian inference, multiple models, mixture model (auto-partitioning)M. Pagel, A. Meade
[https://www.evolution.reading.ac.uk/BayesTraitsV4.1.3/BayesTraitsV4.1.3.html BayesTraits]{{cite web |vauthors=Pagel M, Meade A |title=BayesTraits. Computer program and documentation |url=http://www.evolution.rdg.ac.uk/BayesTraits |date=2007 |pages=1216–23 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

| Analyses trait evolution among groups of species for which a phylogeny or sample of phylogenies is available

Trait analysisM. Pagel, A. Meade
[https://beast.community BEAST]{{Cite journal| vauthors=Drummond A, Suchard MA, Xie D, Rambaut A |date=2012|title=Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7|journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution|volume=29|issue=8 |pages=1969–1973|doi=10.1093/molbev/mss075|pmid=22367748|pmc=3408070}}

| Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis Sampling Trees

Bayesian inference, relaxed molecular clock, demographic historyA. J. Drummond, M. A. Suchard, D Xie & A. Rambaut
BioNumerics

| Universal platform for the management, storage and analysis of all types of biological data, including tree and network inference of sequence data

Neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony, UPGMA, maximum likelihood, distance matrix methods,... Calculation of the reliability of trees/branches using bootstrapping, permutation resampling or error resamplingL. Vauterin & P. Vauterin.
Bosque

| Integrated graphical software to perform phylogenetic analyses, from the importing of sequences to the plotting and graphical edition of trees and alignments

Distance and maximum likelihood methods (through PhyML, PHYLIP, Tree-Puzzle)S. Ramirez, E. Rodriguez.
[https://pages.stat.wisc.edu/~ane/bucky/index.html BUCKy]{{Cite journal |last1=Larget | first1=Bret R. | last2=Kotha | first2=Satish K. | last3=Dewey | first3=Colin N. | last4=Ané | first4=Cécile |title=BUCKy: Gene tree/species tree reconciliation with Bayesian concordance analysis |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=26 |number=22 |pages=2910–2911 |date=September 2010 |doi =10.1093/bioinformatics/btq539 | pmid=20861028 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btq539}}

| Bayesian concordance of gene trees

Bayesian concordance using modified greedy consensus of unrooted quartetsC. Ané, B. Larget, D.A. Baum, S.D. Smith, A. Rokas and B. Larget, S.K. Kotha, C.N. Dewey
Canopy{{cite journal |vauthors=Jiang Y, Qiu Y, Minn AJ, Zhang NR |title=Assessing intratumor heterogeneity and tracking longitudinal and spatial clonal evolutionary history by next-generation sequencing |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=113 |issue=37 |pages=E5528-37 |date=September 2016 |pmid=27573852 |pmc=5027458 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1522203113 |bibcode=2016PNAS..113E5528J |doi-access=free}}

|Assessing intratumor heterogeneity and tracking longitudinal and spatial clonal evolutionary history by next-generation sequencing

|Maximum Likelihood, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods

|Y. Jiang, Y. Qiu, A. J. Minn, and N. R. Zhang

[https://github.com/amarinderthind/CGRphylo CGRphylo]{{Cite journal |last1=Thind |first1=Amarinder Singh |last2=Sinha |first2=Somdatta |title=Using Chaos-Game-Representation for Analysing the SARS-CoV-2 Lineages, Newly Emerging Strains and Recombinants |url=https://www.eurekaselect.com/article/135525 |journal=Current Genomics |date=2023 |language=en |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=187–195 |doi=10.2174/0113892029264990231013112156|pmid=38178984 |s2cid=264500732 |pmc=10761335}}

|CGR method for accurate classification and tracking of rapidly evolving viruses

|Chaos Game Representation (CGR) method, based on concepts of statistical physics

|Amarinder Singh Thind, Somdatta Sinha

CITUP

|Clonality Inference in Tumors Using Phylogeny

|Exhaustive search, Quadratic Integer Programming (QIP)

|S. Malikic, A.W. McPherson, N. Donmez, C.S. Sahinalp

ClustalW

| Progressive multiple sequence alignment

Distance matrix/nearest neighborThompson et al.{{Cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=Julie D.|last2=Gibson|first2=Toby J.|last3=Higgins|first3=Des G.|date=August 2002|title=Multiple sequence alignment using ClustalW and ClustalX|journal=Current Protocols in Bioinformatics|volume=Chapter 2|pages=2.3.1–2.3.22|doi=10.1002/0471250953.bi0203s00|issn=1934-340X|pmid=18792934|s2cid=34156490}}
CoalEvol

|Simulation of DNA and protein evolution along phylogenetic trees (that can also be simulated with the coalescent)

|Simulation of multiple sequence alignments of DNA or protein sequences

|M. Arenas, D. Posada

CodABC

|Coestimation of substitution, recombination and dN/dS in protein sequences

|Approximate Bayesian computation

|M. Arenas, J.S. Lopes, M.A. Beaumont, D. Posada

Dendroscope{{cite journal |vauthors=Huson DH, Scornavacca C |title=Dendroscope 3: an interactive tool for rooted phylogenetic trees and networks |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=61 |issue=6 |pages=1061–7 |date=December 2012 |pmid=22780991 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/sys062 |doi-access=free}}

| Tool for visualizing rooted trees and calculating rooted networks

Rooted trees, tanglegrams, consensus networks, hybridization networksDaniel Huson et al.
[https://github.com/surjray-repos/EXACT EXACT]{{cite conference |vauthors=Jia B, Ray S, Safavi S, Bento J |title=Efficient Projection onto the Perfect Phylogeny Model |book-title=Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 31 (NeurIPS 2018) |veditors=Bengio S, Wallach H, Larochelle H, Grauman K, Cesa-Bianchi N, Garnett R |pages=4108–4118 |date=2018}}{{cite conference |vauthors=Ray S, Jia B, Safavi S, Opijnen T, Isberg R, Rosch J, Bento J |title=Exact inference under the perfect phylogeny model| arxiv=1908.08623}}

| EXACT is based on the perfect phylogeny model, and uses a very fast homotopy algorithm to evaluate the fitness of different trees, and then it brute forces the tree search using GPUs, or multiple CPUs, on the same or on different machines

Brute force search and homotopy algorithmJia B., Ray S., Safavi S., Bento J.
[https://www.ezbiocloud.net/tools/ezeditor2 EzEditor]{{cite journal |vauthors=Jeon YS, Lee K, Park SC, Kim BS, Cho YJ, Ha SM, Chun J |title=EzEditor: a versatile sequence alignment editor for both rRNA- and protein-coding genes |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=64 |issue=Pt 2 |pages=689–91 |date=February 2014 |pmid=24425826 |doi=10.1099/ijs.0.059360-0}}

| EzEditor is a java-based sequence alignment editor for rRNA and protein coding genes. It allows manipulation of both DNA and protein sequence alignments for phylogenetic analysis

Multiple sequence alignment and editingY.-S. Jeon, K. Lee, S.-C. Park, B.-S. Kim, Y.-J. Cho, S.-M. Ha, and J. Chun
fastDNAml

| Optimized maximum likelihood (nucleotides only)

Maximum likelihoodG.J. Olsen
[https://morgannprice.github.io/fasttree/ FastTree 2]{{cite journal |vauthors=Price MN, Dehal PS, Arkin AP |title=FastTree 2--approximately maximum-likelihood trees for large alignments |journal=PLOS One |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=e9490 |date=March 2010 |pmid=20224823 |pmc=2835736 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0009490 |bibcode=2010PLoSO...5.9490P |doi-access=free}}

| Fast phylogenetic inference for alignments with up to hundreds of thousands of sequences

Approximate maximum likelihoodM.N. Price, P.S. Dehal, A.P. Arkin
fitmodel

| Fits branch-site codon models without the need of prior knowledge of clades undergoing positive selection

Maximum likelihoodS. Guindon
[https://www.geneious.com/ Geneious]

| Geneious provides genome and proteome research tools

Neighbor-joining, UPGMA, MrBayes plugin, PhyML plugin, RAxML plugin, FastTree plugin, GARLi plugin, PAUP* PluginA. J. Drummond, M.Suchard, V.Lefort et al.
HyPhy

| Hypothesis testing using phylogenies

Maximum likelihood, neighbor-joining, clustering techniques, distance matricesS.L. Kosakovsky Pond, S.D.W. Frost, S.V. Muse
[http://abacus.gene.ucl.ac.uk/software/indelible/ INDELible]{{Cite journal |last1=Fletcher |first1=William |last2=Yang |first2=Ziheng |date=2009-08-01 |title=INDELible: A Flexible Simulator of Biological Sequence Evolution |url=https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/26/8/1879/980884 |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=26 |issue=8 |pages=1879–1888 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msp098 |issn=0737-4038 |pmc=2712615 |pmid=19423664}}

|Simulation of DNA/protein sequence evolution

|Simulation

|W. Fletcher, Z. Yang

[http://www.cibiv.at/software/iqpnni/ IQPNNI] (No longer maintained; superseded by IQ-TREE){{cite web |author= |date=20 August 2010 |title=IQPNNI - Important Quartet Puzzling and Nearest Neighbor Interchange |url=http://www.cibiv.at/software/iqpnni/ |location=Wien, Austria |publisher=University of Vienna |access-date=5 February 2025}}

| Iterative ML treesearch with stopping rule

Maximum likelihood, neighbor-joiningL.S. Vinh, A. von Haeseler, B.Q. Minh
[http://www.iqtree.org/ IQ-Tree]{{cite journal |vauthors=Nguyen LT, Schmidt HA, von Haeseler A, Minh BQ |title=IQ-Tree: a fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum-likelihood phylogenies |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=268–74 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25371430 |pmc=4271533 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msu300}}{{Cite journal |last1=Minh |first1=Bui Quang |last2=Schmidt |first2=Heiko A |last3=Chernomor |first3=Olga |last4=Schrempf |first4=Dominik |last5=Woodhams |first5=Michael D |last6=von Haeseler |first6=Arndt |last7=Lanfear |first7=Robert |title=IQ-TREE 2: New Models and Efficient Methods for Phylogenetic Inference in the Genomic Era |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=37 |number=5 |pages=1530–1534 |date=February 2020 |issn=0737-4038 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msaa015 |pmid=32011700 |pmc=7182206 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015|hdl=1885/212335 |hdl-access=free }}

| An efficient phylogenomic software by maximum likelihood, as successor of IQPNNI and Tree-Puzzle

Maximum likelihood, model selection, partitioning scheme finding, AIC, AICc, BIC, ultrafast bootstrapping,{{cite journal |vauthors=Minh BQ, Nguyen MA, von Haeseler A |title=Ultrafast approximation for phylogenetic bootstrap |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=30 |issue=5 |pages=1188–95 |date=May 2013 |pmid=23418397 |pmc=3670741 |doi=10.1093/molbev/mst024}} branch tests, tree topology tests, likelihood mappingLam-Tung Nguyen, O. Chernomor, H.A. Schmidt, A. von Haeseler, B.Q. Minh
jModelTest 2

| A high-performance computing program to carry out statistical selection of best-fit models of nucleotide substitution

Maximum likelihood, AIC, BIC, DT, hLTR, dLTRD. Darriba, GL. Taboada, R. Doallo, D. Posada
[https://research.pasteur.fr/en/software/jolytree/ JolyTree]{{cite journal |vauthors=Criscuolo A |title=A fast alignment-free bioinformatics procedure to infer accurate distance-based phylogenetic trees from genome assemblies |journal=Research Ideas and Outcomes |volume=5 |pages=e36178 |date=June 2019 |doi=10.3897/rio.5.e36178 |s2cid=196180156 |doi-access=free}}{{cite journal |vauthors=Criscuolo A |title=On the transformation of MinHash-based uncorrected distances into proper evolutionary distances for phylogenetic inference |journal=F1000Research |volume=9 |pages=1309 |date=November 2020 |pmid=33335719 |doi=10.12688/f1000research.26930.1 |pmc=7713896 |doi-access=free}}

| An alignment-free bioinformatics procedure to infer distance-based phylogenetic trees from genome assemblies, specifically designed to quickly infer trees from genomes belonging to the same genus

MinHash-based pairwise genome distance, Balanced Minimum Evolution (BME), ratchet-based BME tree search, Rate of Elementary QuartetsA. Criscuolo
LisBeth

| Three-item analysis for phylogenetics and biogeography

Three-item analysisJ. Ducasse, N. Cao & R. Zaragüeta-Bagils
MEGA

| Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis

Distance, Parsimony and Maximum Composite Likelihood MethodsTamura K, Dudley J, Nei M & Kumar S
MegAlign Pro

|MegAlign Pro is part of DNASTAR's Lasergene Molecular Biology package. This application performs multiple and pairwise sequence alignments, provides alignment editing, and generates phylogenetic trees.

|Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) and Neighbor-Joining

|DNASTAR

Mesquite

| Mesquite is software for evolutionary biology, designed to help biologists analyze comparative data about organisms. Its emphasis is on phylogenetic analysis, but some of its modules concern comparative analyses or population genetics, while others do non-phylogenetic multivariate analysis. It can also be used to build timetrees incorporating a geological timescale, with some optional modules.

Maximum parsimony, distance matrix, maximum likelihoodWayne Maddison and D. R. Maddison
MetaPIGA2

| Maximum likelihood phylogeny inference multi-core program for DNA and protein sequences, and morphological data. Analyses can be performed using an extensive and user-friendly graphical interface or by using batch files. It also implements tree visualization tools, ancestral sequences, and automated selection of best substitution model and parameters.

Maximum likelihood, stochastic heuristics (genetic algorithm, metapopulation genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, etc.), discrete Gamma rate heterogeneity, ancestral state reconstruction, model testingMichel C. Milinkovitch and Raphaël Helaers
[https://github.com/CDCgov/MicrobeTrace/wiki MicrobeTrace]

|MicrobeTrace is a free, browser-based web application.

|2D and 3D network visualization tool, Neighbor-joining tree visualization, Gantt charts, bubbles charts, networks visualized on maps, flow diagrams, aggregate tables, epi curves, histograms, alignment viewer, and much more.

|Ellsworth M. Campbell, Anthony Boyles, Anupama Shankar, Jay Kim, Sergey Knyazev, Roxana Cintron, William M. Switzer{{Cite journal|last1=Campbell|first1=Ellsworth M.|last2=Boyles|first2=Anthony|last3=Shankar|first3=Anupama|last4=Kim|first4=Jay|last5=Knyazev|first5=Sergey|last6=Cintron|first6=Roxana|last7=Switzer|first7=William M.|date=2021-09-07|title=MicrobeTrace: Retooling molecular epidemiology for rapid public health response|journal=PLOS Computational Biology|language=en|volume=17|issue=9|pages=e1009300|doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009300|issn=1553-7358|pmc=8491948|pmid=34492010|bibcode=2021PLSCB..17E9300C |doi-access=free}}

[http://treetools.haschka.net MNHN-Tree-Tools]

|MNHN-Tree-Tools is an opensource phylogenetics inference software working on nucleic and protein sequences.

|Clustering of DNA or protein sequences and phylogenetic tree inference from a set of sequences. At the core it employs a distance-density based approach.

|Thomas Haschka, Loïc Ponger, Christophe Escudé and Julien Mozziconacci{{Cite journal |last1=Haschka |first1=Thomas |last2=Ponger |first2=Loic |last3=Escudé |first3=Christophe |last4=Mozziconacci |first4=Julien |date=2021-06-08 |title=MNHN-Tree-Tools: a toolbox for tree inference using multi-scale clustering of a set of sequences |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab430 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=37 |issue=21 |pages=3947–3949 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btab430 |pmid=34100911 |issn=1367-4803}}

Modelgenerator

| Model selection (protein or nucleotide)

Maximum likelihoodThomas Keane
MOLPHY

| Molecular phylogenetics (protein or nucleotide)

Maximum likelihoodJ. Adachi and M. Hasegawa
[https://morphobank.org/ MorphoBank]

|Web application to organize trait data (morphological characters) for tree building

|for use with Maximum Parsimony (via the CIPRES portal), Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian analysis)

|O'Leary, M. A., and S. Kaufman,{{Cite journal|last1=O'Leary|first1=Maureen A.|last2=Kaufman|first2=Seth|date=October 2011|title=MorphoBank: phylophenomics in the "cloud"|journal=Cladistics|language=en|volume=27|issue=5|pages=529–537|doi=10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00355.x|pmid=34875801 |s2cid=76652345|doi-access=free}} also K. Alphonse

MrBayes

| Posterior probability estimation

Bayesian inferenceJ. Huelsenbeck, et al.{{Cite journal|last1=Huelsenbeck|first1=J. P.|last2=Ronquist|first2=F.|date=August 2001|title=MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees|journal=Bioinformatics|volume=17|issue=8|pages=754–755|doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.754|issn=1367-4803|pmid=11524383|doi-access=free}}
Network

| Free Phylogenetic Network Software

Median Joining, Reduced Median, Steiner NetworkA. Roehl
Nona

| Phylogenetic inference

Maximum parsimony, implied weighting, ratchetP. Goloboff
OrientAGraph

| Admixture graph reconstruction from allele frequencies

| f2-statistics or covariance matrix, maximum likelihood network orientation search implemented within TreeMix {{cite journal |last1=Pickrell |first1=Joseph K. |last2=Pritchard |first2=Jonathan K. |title=Inference of Population Splits and Mixtures from Genome-Wide Allele Frequency Data |journal=PLOS Genetics |date=15 November 2012 |volume=8 |issue=11 |pages=e1002967 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1002967 |doi-access=free |pmid=23166502 |pmc=3499260 }}

| Erin Molloy, Arun Durvasula, Sriram Sankararaman {{cite journal |last1=Molloy |first1=Erin K |last2=Durvasula |first2=Arun |last3=Sankararaman |first3=Sriram |title=Advancing admixture graph estimation via maximum likelihood network orientation |journal=Bioinformatics |date=12 July 2021 |volume=37 |issue=Supplement_1 |pages=i142–i150 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btab267 |pmc=8336447 }}

[http://abacus.gene.ucl.ac.uk/software/paml.html PAML]{{Cite journal |last=Yang |first=Ziheng |title=PAML 4: Phylogenetic Analysis by Maximum Likelihood |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=24 |number=8 |pages=1586–1591 |date=May 2007 |issn=0737-4038 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msm088 |pmid=17483113 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm088}}

| Phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood

Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inferenceZ. Yang
ParaPhylo{{cite journal |vauthors=Hellmuth M, Wieseke N, Lechner M, Lenhof HP, Middendorf M, Stadler PF |title=Phylogenomics with paralogs |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=2058–63 |date=February 2015 |pmid=25646426 |pmc=4343152 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1412770112 |bibcode=2015PNAS..112.2058H |arxiv=1712.06442 |doi-access=free}}

| Computation of gene and species trees based on event-relations (orthology, paralogy)

Cograph-Editing and Triple-InferenceHellmuth
[https://www.robertlanfear.com/partitionfinder/ PartitionFinder]{{Cite journal |last1=Lanfear |first1=Robert |last2=Frandsen |first2=Paul B |last3=Wright |first3=April M |last4=Senfeld |first4=Tereza |last5=Calcott |first5=Brett |title=PartitionFinder 2: new methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution|volume=34 |number=3 |pages=772–773 |date= 24 December 2016 |issn=0737-4038 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msw260 |pmid=28013191 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw260|hdl=2027.42/145562 |hdl-access=free }}

| Combined selection of models of molecular evolution and partitioning schemes for DNA and protein alignments

Maximum likelihood, AIC, AICc, BICR. Lanfear, B Calcott, SYW Ho, S Guindon
PASTIS

|R package for phylogenetic assembly

|R, two‐stage Bayesian inference using MrBayes 3.2

|Thomas et al. 2013{{Cite journal|last1=Thomas|first1=Gavin H.|last2=Hartmann|first2=Klaas|last3=Jetz|first3=Walter|last4=Joy|first4=Jeffrey B.|last5=Mimoto|first5=Aki|last6=Mooers|first6=Arne O.|date=2013|title=PASTIS: an R package to facilitate phylogenetic assembly with soft taxonomic inferences|journal=Methods in Ecology and Evolution|language=en|volume=4|issue=11|pages=1011–1017|doi=10.1111/2041-210X.12117|bibcode=2013MEcEv...4.1011T |s2cid=86694418 |issn=2041-210X}}

PAUP*

| Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods)

Maximum parsimony, distance matrix, maximum likelihoodD. Swofford
[https://klausvigo.github.io/phangorn/ phangorn]{{cite journal |vauthors=Schliep KP |title=phangorn: phylogenetic analysis in R |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=592–3 |date=February 2011 |pmid=21169378 |pmc=3035803 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btq706}}

| Phylogenetic analysis in R

ML, MP, distance matrix, bootstrap, phylogentic networks, bootstrap, model selection, SH-test, SOWH-testMaintainer: K. Schliep
Phybase{{cite journal |vauthors=Liu L, Yu L |title=Phybase: an R package for species tree analysis |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=26 |issue=7 |pages=962–3 |date=April 2010 |pmid=20156990 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btq062 |doi-access=free}}

| an R package for species tree analysis

phylogenetics functions, STAR, NJst, STEAC, maxtree, etcL. Liu & L. Yu
phyclust

| Phylogenetic Clustering (Phyloclustering)

Maximum likelihood of Finite Mixture ModesWei-Chen Chen
PHYLIP

| PHYLogeny Inference Package

Maximum parsimony, distance matrix, maximum likelihoodJ. Felsenstein
phyloT

| Generates phylogenetic trees in various formats, based on NCBI taxonomy

noneI. Letunic
PhyloQuart

| Quartet implementation (uses sequences or distances)

Quartet methodV. Berry
PhyloWGS

|Reconstructing subclonal composition and evolution from whole-genome sequencing of tumors

|MCMC

|A. G. Deshwar, S. Vembu, C. K. Yung, G. H. Jang, L. Stein, and Q. Morris

[https://github.com/stephaneguindon/phyml PhyML]{{Cite journal |last1=Guindon |first1=Stéphane |last2=Dufayard |first2=Jean-François |last3=Lefort |first3=Vincent |last4=Anisimova |first4=Maria |last5=Hordijk |first5=Wim |last6=Gascuel |first6=Olivier |date=2010-03-29 |title=New Algorithms and Methods to Estimate Maximum-Likelihood Phylogenies: Assessing the Performance of PhyML 3.0 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syq010 |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=307–321 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syq010 |pmid=20525638 |issn=1076-836X|hdl=20.500.11850/25281 |hdl-access=free}}

| Fast and accurate estimation of phylogenies using maximum likelihood

Maximum likelihoodS. Guindon & O. Gascuel
[https://github.com/FePhyFoFum/phyx phyx]{{cite journal |vauthors=Brown JW, Walker JF, Smith SA |title=Phyx: phylogenetic tools for unix |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=33 |issue=12 |pages=1886–1888 |date=June 2017 |pmid=28174903 |pmc=5870855 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btx063}}

| Unix/Linux command line phylogenetic tools

Explore, manipulate, analyze, and simulate phylogenetic objects (alignments, trees, and MCMC logs)J.W. Brown, J.F. Walker, and S.A. Smith
POY

| A phylogenetic analysis program that supports multiple kinds of data and can perform alignment and phylogeny inference. A variety of heuristic algorithms have been developed for this purpose

Maximum parsimony, Maximum likelihood, Chromosome rearrangement, discreet characters, continuous characters, AlignmentA. Varon, N. Lucaroni, L. Hong, W. Wheeler
ProtASR2{{Cite journal |last1=Arenas |first1=Miguel |last2=Bastolla |first2=Ugo |date=2020 |editor-first= |title=ProtASR2: Ancestral reconstruction of protein sequences accounting for folding stability |url=https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/2041-210X.13341 |journal=Methods in Ecology and Evolution |language=en |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=248–257 |doi=10.1111/2041-210X.13341 |bibcode=2020MEcEv..11..248A |issn=2041-210X}}

|Ancestral reconstruction of protein sequences accounting for folding stability

|Maximum likelihood, substitution models

|M. Arenas, U. Bastolla

ProtEvol

|Simulation of protein sequences under structurally constrained substitution models

|Simulating sequences, substitution models

|M. Arenas, A. Sanchez-Cobos, U. Bastolla U

ProteinEvolver

|Simulation of protein sequences along phylogenies under empirical and structurally constrained substitution models of protein evolution

|Simulating sequences forward in time, substitution models

|M. Arenas, H.G. Dos Santos, D. Posada, U. Bastolla

ProteinEvolverABC{{Cite journal |last=Arenas |first=Miguel |date=2021-08-27 |title=ProteinEvolverABC: coestimation of recombination and substitution rates in protein sequences by approximate Bayesian computation |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab617 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=58–64 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btab617 |issn=1367-4803 |pmc=8696103 |pmid=34450622}}

|Coestimation of recombination and substitution rates in protein sequences

|Approximate Bayesian computation

|M. Arenas

ProteinModelerABC{{Cite journal |last1=Ferreiro |first1=David |last2=Branco |first2=Catarina |last3=Arenas |first3=Miguel |title=Selection among site-dependent structurally constrained substitution models of protein evolution by approximate Bayesian computation |url=https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/40/3/btae096/7610882 |journal=Bioinformatics |date=2024 |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=btae096 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btae096 |issn=1367-4811 |pmc=10914458 |pmid=38374231}}

|Selection among site-dependent structurally constrained substitution models of protein evolution

|Approximate Bayesian computation

|D. Ferreiro et al

ProtTest3

| A high-performance computing program for selecting the model of protein evolution that best fits a given set of aligned sequences

Maximum likelihood, AIC, BIC, DTD. Darriba, GL. Taboada, R. Doallo, D. Posada
PyCogent

| Software library for genomic biology

Simulating sequences, alignment, controlling third party applications, workflows, querying databases, generating graphics and phylogenetic treesKnight et al.
QuickTree

| Tree construction optimized for efficiency

Neighbor-joiningK. Howe, A. Bateman, R. Durbin
RAxML-HPC

| Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood for High Performance Computing (nucleotides and aminoacids)

Maximum likelihood, simple Maximum parsimonyA. Stamatakis
RAxML-NG{{cite journal |vauthors=Kozlov AM, Darriba D, Flouri T, Morel B, Stamatakis A |title=RAxML-NG: A fast, scalable, and user-friendly tool for maximum likelihood phylogenetic inference |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=35 |issue=21 |pages=4453–4455 |date=May 2019 |pmid=31070718 |pmc=6821337 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btz305}}

| Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood for High Performance Computing (nucleotides and aminoacids) Next Generation

Maximum likelihood, simple Maximum parsimonyA. Kozlov, D. Darriba, T. Flouri, B. Morel, A. Stamatakis
SEMPHY

| Tree reconstruction using the combined strengths of maximum-likelihood (accuracy) and neighbor-joining (speed). SEMPHY has become outdated. The authors now refer users to RAxML, which is superior in accuracy and speed.

A hybrid maximum-likelihood – neighbor-joining methodM. Ninio, E. Privman, T. Pupko, N. Friedman
SGWE

|Simulation of genome-wide evolution along phylogenetic trees

|Simulating genome-wide sequences forward time

|Arenas M., Posada D.

[https://github.com/Stephane-S/Simplot_PlusPlus SimPlot++]{{cite journal |last1=Samson |first1=Stéphane |last2=Lord |first2=Étienne |last3=Makarenkov |first3=Vladimir |title=SimPlot++: a Python application for representing sequence similarity and detecting recombination |journal=Bioinformatics |date=26 May 2022 |volume=38 |issue=11 |pages=3118–3120 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btac287|pmid=35451456 |arxiv=2112.09755}}

| Sequence similarity plots (SimPlots{{cite journal |last1=Lole |first1=Kavita S. |last2=Bollinger |first2=Robert C. |last3=Paranjape |first3=Ramesh S. |last4=Gadkari |first4=Deepak |last5=Kulkarni |first5=Smita S. |last6=Novak |first6=Nicole G. |last7=Ingersoll |first7=Roxann |last8=Sheppard |first8=Haynes W. |last9=Ray |first9=Stuart C. |title=Full-Length Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Genomes from Subtype C-Infected Seroconverters in India, with Evidence of Intersubtype Recombination |journal=Journal of Virology |date=January 1999 |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=152–160 |doi=10.1128/JVI.73.1.152-160.1999|pmid=9847317 |pmc=103818}}), detection of intragenic and intergenic recombination events, bootscan analysis{{cite journal |last1=Salminen |first1=Mika O. |last2=Carr |first2=Jean K. |last3=Burke |first3=Donald S. |last4=McCutchan |first4=Francine E. |title=Identification of Breakpoints in Intergenotypic Recombinants of HIV Type 1 by Bootscanning |journal=AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses |date=November 1995 |volume=11 |issue=11 |pages=1423–1425 |doi=10.1089/aid.1995.11.1423 |pmid=8573403}} and sequence similarity networks

SimPlot using different nucleotide/protein distance models; Phi, χ2 and NSS recombination tests; Sequence similarity network analysisS. Samson, E. Lord, V. Makarenkov
sowhat{{cite journal |vauthors=Church SH, Ryan JF, Dunn CW |title=Automation and Evaluation of the SOWH Test with SOWHAT |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=64 |issue=6 |pages=1048–58 |date=November 2015 |pmid=26231182 |pmc=4604836 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syv055}}Hypothesis testingSOWH testSamuel H Church, Joseph F Ryan, and Casey W Dunn
Splatche3{{Cite journal |last1=Currat |first1=Mathias |last2=Arenas |first2=Miguel |last3=Quilodràn |first3=Claudio S |last4=Excoffier |first4=Laurent |last5=Ray |first5=Nicolas |date=2019-05-11 |title=SPLATCHE3: simulation of serial genetic data under spatially explicit evolutionary scenarios including long-distance dispersal |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz311 |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=35 |issue=21 |pages=4480–4483 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btz311 |issn=1367-4803 |pmc=6821363 |pmid=31077292}}

|Simulation of genetic data under diverse spatially explicit evolutionary scenarios

|Coalescent, molecular evolution, DNA sequences, SNPs, STRs, RFLPs

|M. Currat et al.

SplitsTree{{cite journal |vauthors=Huson DH, Bryant D |title=Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=254–67 |date=February 2006 |pmid=16221896 |doi=10.1093/molbev/msj030 |doi-access=free}}

| Tree and network program

Computation, visualization and exploration of phylogenetic trees and networksD.H. Huson and D. Bryant
[https://www.lillo.org.ar/phylogeny/tnt/ TNT]{{Cite journal |last1=Goloboff |first1=Pablo A. |last2=Farris |first2=James S. |last3=Nixon |first3=Kevin C. |title=TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis |journal=Cladistics |volume=24 |number=5 |pages=774–786 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00217.x |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00217.x |date= 29 September 2008|hdl=11336/81790 |hdl-access=free }}

| Phylogenetic inference

Parsimony, weighting, ratchet, tree drift, tree fusing, sectorial searchesP. A. Goloboff, J. S. Farris, and K. C. Nixon
TOPALi

| Phylogenetic inference

Phylogenetic model selection, Bayesian analysis and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree estimation, detection of sites under positive selection, and recombination breakpoint location analysisIain Milne, Dominik Lindner et al.
TreeGen

| Tree construction given precomputed distance data

Distance matrixETH Zurich
TreeAlign

| Efficient hybrid method

Distance matrix and approximate parsimonyJ. Hein
TreeLine

| Tree construction algorithm within the DECIPHER package for R

Maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and distanceE. Wright
Treefinder{{cite journal |vauthors=Jobb G, von Haeseler A, Strimmer K |date=June 2004 |title=Treefinder: a powerful graphical analysis environment for molecular phylogenetics |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=4 |pages=18 |pmid=15222900 |pmc=459214 |doi=10.1186/1471-2148-4-18 |doi-access=free}}{{Retracted|doi=10.1186/s12862-015-0513-z|doi-access=free|pmid=26542699|http://retractionwatch.com/2015/11/11/bmc-retracts-paper-of-scientist-who-banned-use-of-his-software-by-several-countries/ Retraction Watch|intentional=yes}}

| Fast ML tree reconstruction, bootstrap analysis, model selection, hypothesis testing, tree calibration, tree manipulation and visualization, computation of sitewise rates, sequence simulation, many models of evolution (DNA, protein, rRNA, mixed protein, user-definable), GUI and scripting language

Maximum likelihood, distances, and othersJobb G, von Haeseler A, Strimmer K
TreeMix

| Admixture graph reconstruction from allele frequencies

| f2-statistics or covariance matrix, maximum likelihood, heuristic search (building tree via randomized taxon addition and then adding admixture edges)

|Joseph K. Pickrell and Jonathan K. Pritchard {{cite journal |last1=Pickrell |first1=Joseph K. |last2=Pritchard |first2=Jonathan K. |title=Inference of Population Splits and Mixtures from Genome-Wide Allele Frequency Data |journal=PLOS Genetics |date=15 November 2012 |volume=8 |issue=11 |pages=e1002967 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1002967 |doi-access=free |pmid=23166502 |pmc=3499260 }}

Tree-Puzzle{{cite journal |vauthors=Schmidt HA, Strimmer K, Vingron M, von Haeseler A |title=Tree-Puzzle: maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using quartets and parallel computing |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=502–4 |date=March 2002 |pmid=11934758 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/18.3.502 |doi-access=free}} (No longer maintained; superseded by IQ-TREE){{cite web |author= |title=iqtree2 |website=GitHub |url=https://github.com/iqtree/iqtree2 |access-date=5 February 2025}}

| Maximum likelihood and statistical analysis

Maximum likelihoodH. A. Schmidt, K. Strimmer, M. Vingron, and A. von Haeseler
[https://github.com/molloy-lab/TREE-QMC TREE-QMC]

| Summarizes unrooted gene trees into unrooted species tree

| Graph-cut-based heuristic for maximum quartet support species tree problem {{cite journal |last1=Snir |first1=Sagi |last2=Rao |first2=Satish |title=Quartet MaxCut: A fast algorithm for amalgamating quartet trees |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=1 January 2012 |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2011.06.021 |pmid=21762785 |bibcode=2012MolPE..62....1S }}{{cite journal |last1=Avni |first1=Eliran |last2=Cohen |first2=Reuven |last3=Snir |first3=Sagi |title=Weighted Quartets Phylogenetics |journal=Systematic Biology |date=1 March 2015 |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=233–242 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syu087 |pmid=25414175 }}

| Yunheng Han, Erin Molloy {{cite journal |last1=Han |first1=Yunheng |last2=Molloy |first2=Erin K |title=Improved robustness to gene tree incompleteness, estimation errors, and systematic homology errors with weighted TREE-QMC |journal=Systematic Biology |date=25 February 2025 |pages=syaf009 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syaf009 |pmid=40000439 }}{{cite journal |last1=Han |first1=Yunheng |last2=Molloy |first2=Erin K. |title=Improving quartet graph construction for scalable and accurate species tree estimation from gene trees |journal=Genome Research |date=1 July 2023 |volume=33 |issue=7 |pages=1042–1052 |doi=10.1101/gr.277629.122 |pmid=37197990 |pmc=10538498 }}

T-REX (Webserver){{cite journal |vauthors=Makarenkov V |title=T-REX: reconstructing and visualizing phylogenetic trees and reticulation networks |journal=Bioinformatics |volume=17 |issue=7 |pages=664–8 |date=July 2001 |pmid=11448889 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/17.7.664 |doi-access=free}}{{cite journal |vauthors=Boc A, Diallo AB, Makarenkov V |title=T-REX: a web server for inferring, validating and visualizing phylogenetic trees and networks |journal=Nucleic Acids Research |volume=40 |issue=Web Server issue |pages=W573–9 |date=July 2012 |pmid=22675075 |pmc=3394261 |doi=10.1093/nar/gks485}}

| Tree inference and visualization, Horizontal gene transfer detection, multiple sequence alignment

Distance (neighbor joining), Parsimony and Maximum likelihood (PhyML, RAxML) tree inference, MUSCLE, MAFFT and ClustalW sequence alignments and related applicationsBoc A, Diallo AB, Makarenkov V
UShER{{cite journal |vauthors=Turakhia Y, Thornlow B, Hinrichs AS, De Maio N, Gozashti L, Lanfear R, Haussler D, Corbett-Detig R |title=Ultrafast Sample Placement on Existing Trees (UShER) Empowers Real-Time Phylogenetics for the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic |journal=Nature Genetics |volume=53 |issue=6 |pages=809–816 |date=June 2021 |pmid=33972780 |doi=10.1038/s41588-021-00862-7 |pmc=9248294 |doi-access=free}}

| Phylogenetic placement using maximum parsimony for viral genomes

Maximum parsimonyTurakhia Y, Thornlow B, Hinrichs AS, De Maio N, Gozashti L, Lanfear R, Haussler D and Corbett-Detig R
UGENE

| Fast and free multiplatform tree editor

GUI with PHYLIP 3.6 and IQTree algorithmsUnipro
[https://github.com/citiususc/veryfasttree VeryFastTree]{{Cite journal |last1=Piñeiro |first1=César |last2=Abuín |first2=José M |last3=Pichel |first3=Juan C |date=2020-11-01 |editor-last=Ponty |editor-first=Yann |title=Very Fast Tree: speeding up the estimation of phylogenies for large alignments through parallelization and vectorization strategies |url=https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/36/17/4658/5861530 |journal=Bioinformatics |language=en |volume=36 |issue=17 |pages=4658–4659 |doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa582 |pmid=32573652 |issn=1367-4803|doi-access=free}}

|A highly-tuned tool that uses parallelizing and vectorizing strategies to speed inference of phylogenies for huge alignments

|Approximate maximum likelihood

|César Piñeiro. José M. Abuín and Juan C. Pichel

Winclada

| GUI and tree editor (requires Nona)

Maximum parsimony, ratchetK. Nixon
Xrate

| Phylo-grammar engine

Rate estimation, branch length estimation, alignment annotationI. Holmes

See also

References