class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!Name
!Gender{{ref|a}}
!Related periods
!Century
!Ethnicity
!Known for |
Theophilus Protospatharius
|Man
|Middle Ages
|7th century CE
|Greek
| |
Palladius
|Man
|Middle Ages
|6th century CE
|Greek
| |
Marcellus Empiricus
|Man
|Late antiquity
|4th–5th century CE
|Roman
|Author of pharmacological compendium De medicamentis |
Caelius Aurelianus
|Man
|Late antiquity
|5th century CE
|Greco-Roman
|Medical translator. |
Adamantius Judaeus
|Man
|Late antiquity
|5th century CE
|Greco-Roman Jew
| |
Benedict of Nursia
|Man
|Middle Ages
|6th century CE
|Italian
|Founder of "monastic medicine"[{{cite book |last=Prioreschi |first=Plinio |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wb_UMcH5C7EC&pg=PA383 |title=A History of Medicine: Medieval Medicine |publisher=Edwin Mellen Press |year=1996 |isbn=9781888456059 |accessdate=28 December 2012}}] |
Alexander of Tralles[{{cite book |last=Prioreschi |first=Plinio |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q0IIpnov0BsC |title=A History of Medicine: Byzantine and Islamic medicine |publisher=Horatius Press |year=2001 |isbn=9781888456042 |accessdate=10 September 2012}}]
|Man
|Middle Ages
|6th-7th century CE
|Byzantine
| |
Aetius of Amida[{{cite book |last1=Colón |first1=A. R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8NsAAAAMAAJ |title=Nurturing children: a history of pediatrics |last2=Colón |first2=P. A. |date=January 1999 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=9780313310805 |page=61 |accessdate=19 October 2012}}]
|Man
|Middle Ages
|6th century CE
|Byzantine Greek
| |
Stephanus of Athens[{{cite book |last1=Athens.) |first1=Stephanus (of |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E2rL22CjOTgC&pg=PP15 |title=Stephanus the Philosopher and Physician: Commentary on Galen's Therapeutics to Glaucon |last2=Dickson |first2=Keith M. |publisher=BRILL |year=1998 |isbn=9789004109353 |accessdate=9 December 2012}}][{{cite book |last=Nutton |first=Vivian |author-link=Vivian Nutton |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PREr9_rojrQC |title=Ancient Medicine |date=2005-07-19 |publisher=Taylor & Francis US |isbn=9780415368483 |accessdate=19 August 2012}}]
|Man
|Middle Ages
|6th-7th century CE
|Byzantine Greek
| |
Raban Gamaliel VI
|Man
|Late antiquity
|4th-5th century CE
|Roman Jew
| |
Isidore of Seville
|Man
|Middle Ages
|6th-7th century CE
|Byzantine
| |
Paul of Aegina[
]|Man
|Middle Ages
|7th century CE
|Byzantine
|Wrote Medical Compendium in Seven Books |
Leo Itrosophist
|Man
|Middle Ages
|8th-9th century CE
|Byzantine
|Wrote "Epitome of Medicine". |
Al-Kindi
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|9th century CE
|Arab
|Author of De Gradibus |
Yuhanna ibn Masawaih
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|8th-9th century CE
|Persian
|Personal physician to four Abbasid caliphs.[{{cite book |last=Loudon |first=Irvine |author-link=Irvine Loudon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dJEWZq0bq8kC |title=Western Medicine: An Illustrated History |date=2002-03-07 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199248131 |accessdate=29 August 2012}}] |
Hunayn ibn Ishaq
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|9th century CE
|Arab Christian
| |
al-Tabari
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|9th century CE
|Persian
|Produced one of the first encyclopedia of medicine titled Firdous al-Hikmah ("Paradise of wisdom").[{{Cite journal |last=Meyerhof |first=Max |date=1931 |title=`Alî at-Tabarî's Paradise of Wisdom, one of the oldest Arabic Compendiums of Medicine |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/346582 |journal=Isis |language=en |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=6–54 |doi=10.1086/346582 |issn=0021-1753|url-access=subscription }}] |
Theodosius Romanus
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|9th century CE
|Syriac Christian
| |
Ishaq ibn Hunayn
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|10th century CE
|Arab Christian
| |
Yahya ibn Sarafyun
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|9th century CE
|Syriac Christian
| |
al-Razi
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|9th-10th century CE
|Persian
|Produce work in pediatrics and makes the first clear distinction between smallpox and measles in his al-Hawi.[{{cite book |last1=Colón |first1=A. R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8NsAAAAMAAJ |title=Nurturing children: a history of pediatrics |last2=Colón |first2=P. A. |date=January 1999 |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=9780313310805 |page=61 |accessdate=19 October 2012}}] |
Isaac Israeli ben Solomon
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|9th-10th century CE
|Egyptian Jew
| |
Shabbethai Donnolo[{{cite book |last1=Graetz |first1=Heinrich |author-link=Heinrich Graetz |url=https://archive.org/details/historyjews02bochgoog |title=History of the Jews |last2=Bloch |first2=Philipp |publisher=Jewish Publication Society of America |year=1894 |accessdate=30 October 2012}}]
|Man
|Middle Ages
|10th century CE
|Graeco-Italian Jew
| |
al-Tamimi
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|10th century CE
|Arab
| |
al-Majusi
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|10th century CE
|Persian
|Famous for the Kitab al-Maliki or Complete Book of the Medical Art, his textbook on medicine and psychology. |
al-Zahrawi
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|10th-11th century CE
|Arab Andalusian
|Founder of early surgical and medical instruments, writing Kitab al-Tasrif. |
Ibn Butlan
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|11th century CE
|Arab Christian
|Writer of Taqwīm as‑Siḥḥa [romanization: Tacuinum Sanitatis] or maintenance of health. |
Michael Psellos
|Man
|Middle Ages
|11th century CE
|Byzantine Greek
| |
Ibn al-Haytham
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|10th-11th century CE
|Arab
| |
Ibn Sina
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|10th-11th century CE
|Persian
|Writer of Qanun-e dâr Tâb or The Canon of Medicine. |
Simeon Seth[
]|Man
|Middle Ages
|11th-12 century CE
|Byzantine Jew
| |
Constantine the African
|Man
|Middle Ages
|11th century CE
|Unclear
| |
Anna Komnene
|Woman
|Middle Ages
|11th-12 century CE
|Byzantine
| |
Trota of Salerno
|Woman
|Middle Ages
|12th century CE
|Unclear
| |
Rahere
|Man
|Middle Ages
|12th century CE
|Anglo-Norman
|Founded the Priory of the Hospital of St Bartholomew in 1123. |
Stephen of Pisa
|Man
|Middle Ages
|12th century CE
|Italian
|Translated works of Hali Abbas (the al-Kitab al-Maliki, by Ali Abbas al-Majusi), translated around 1127 into Latin as Liber regalis dispositionis. |
Ibn Zuhr
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|11th-12 century CE
|Arab Andalusian
| |
Ibn Rushd
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|12th century CE
|Arab Andalusian
| |
Matthaeus Platearius
|Man
|Middle Ages
|12th century CE
|Unclear
| |
Pope Innocent III
|Man
|Middle Ages
|12th-13th century CE
|Italian
|Organized the hospital of Santo Spirito at Rome inspiring others all over Europe |
Ibn an-Nafis
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|13th century CE
|Arab
|Suggests that the right and left ventricles of the heart are separate and discovers the pulmonary circulation and coronary circulation.[{{cite book |last=Loudon |first=Irvine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dJEWZq0bq8kC |title=Western Medicine: An Illustrated History |date=2002-03-07 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199248131 |accessdate=29 August 2012}}] |
Ibn al-Baytar
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|12th-13th century CE
|Arab Andalusian
|Wrote on botany and pharmacy, studied animal anatomy and medicine veterinary medicine. |
Roger Bacon
|Man
|Middle Ages
|13th century CE
|English
|Ideas on experimental science and convex lens spectacles for treating long-sightedness. |
Pietro d'Abano
|Man
|Middle Ages
|13th-14th century CE
|Italian
|Professor of medicine at the University of Padua.[{{cite book |last=French |first=Roger |author-link=Roger French |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MglvQgAACAAJ |title=Medicine before Science: The Business of Medicine from the Middle Ages to the Enlightenment |date=2003-02-20 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521809771 |accessdate=19 November 2012}}] |
Joannes Actuarius
|Man
|Middle Ages
|13th-14th century CE
|Byzantine
|Wrote the last great compendium of Byzantine medicine[{{cite book |last=Prioreschi |first=Plinio |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q0IIpnov0BsC |title=A History of Medicine: Byzantine and Islamic medicine |publisher=Horatius Press |year=2001 |isbn=9781888456042 |accessdate=10 September 2012}}] |
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya
|Man
|Islamic Golden Age
|13th-14th century CE
|Unclear
| |
William of Saliceto
|Man
|Middle Ages
|13th century CE
|Italian
| |
Henri de Mondeville
|Man
|Middle Ages
|13th-14th century CE
|French
| |
Mondino de Luzzi
|Man
|Middle Ages
|13th-14th century CE
|Italian
|carried out the first systematic human dissections since Herophilus of Chalcedon and Erasistratus of Ceos 1500 years earlier.[{{cite book |last=Crombie |first=Alistair Cameron |author-link=Alistair Cameron Crombie|title=The History of Science from Augustine to Galileo |publisher=Courier Dover Publications |year=1959 |isbn=9780486288505}}][{{cite book |last1=Zimmerman |first1=Leo M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ABbCI7z4UwMC |title=Great Ideas in the History of Surgery |last2=Veith |first2=Ilza |author-link2=Ilza Veith|date=1993-08-01 |publisher=Norman Publishing |isbn=9780930405533 |accessdate=7 December 2012}}] |
Guy de Chauliac
|Man
|Middle Ages
|14th century CE
|French
| |
John Arderne
|Man
|Middle Ages
|14th century CE
|English
| |
Heinrich von Pfolspeundt
|Man
|Middle Ages
|15th century CE
|German
| |