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List of presidents of Madagascar

{{Short description|none}}

{{EngvarB|date=October 2023}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}

{{Infobox official post

| post = President

| body = Madagascar

| native_name = {{nativename|mg|Filohan'i Madagasikara}}
{{nativename|fr|Président de Madagascar}}

| insignia = Presidential Standard of Madagascar.svg{{!}}border

| insigniasize = 150px

| insigniacaption = Presidential Standard

| imagesize = 165px

| image = President of the Republic of Madagascar Andry Rajoelina, Abu Dhabi, 2024.jpg

| style = President
His Excellency

| status = Head of state

| incumbent = Andry Rajoelina

| incumbentsince = 16 December 2023

| acting =

| residence = Iavoloha Palace

| termlength = Five years,

| termlength_qualified = renewable once

| constituting_instrument = Constitution of Madagascar (2010)

| formation = {{start date and age|df=y|1959|5|1}}

| inaugural = Philibert Tsiranana

| website =

}}

{{Politics of Madagascar}}

This is a list of presidents of Madagascar, since the establishment of the office of President in 1959, during the Malagasy Republic.

Term limits

As of 2021, there is a two-term limit for the president in the Constitution of Madagascar. The term limit has not been met by any president yet.{{cite web |last1=Cook |first1=Candace |last2=Siegle |first2=Joseph |title=Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa |url=https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |website=Africa Center for Strategic Studies}}

List of officeholders

;Political parties

{{legend|{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Madagascar}}|Social Democratic Party (PSD)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|{{party color|Malagasy Revolutionary Party}}|Malagasy Revolutionary Party (AREMA)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|LightGreen|National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|{{party color|Judged by Your Work Party}}|Judged by Your Work Party (AVI)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|{{party color|Tiako i Madagasikara}}|I Love Madagascar (TIM)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|{{party color|Young Malagasies Determined}}|Young Malagasies Determined (TGV)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|#204D7B|Hery Vaovao ho an'i Madagasikara (HVM)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

;Other factions

{{legend|{{party color|Military rule}}|Military|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{legend|{{party color|Independent politician}}|Independent|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

;Status

{{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes Acting President}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}}

! rowspan="2" |Portrait

! rowspan="2" |Name
{{small|(Birth–Death)}}

! rowspan="2" |Elected

! colspan="3" |Term of office

! rowspan="2" |Political party

! rowspan="2" |Prime minister(s)

Took office

! Left office

! Time in office

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan="9" |Malagasy Republic {{small|(within the French Community)}}

style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Madagascar}}; color:white;"| —

| 70px

| Philibert Tsiranana
{{small|(1912–1978)}}

| —

| {{nowrap|1 May}} 1959

| {{nowrap|26 June}} 1960

| {{ayd|1959|05|01|1960|06|26}}

| PSD

| Position abolished

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan="9" |Malagasy Republic {{small|(independent country)}}

style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Madagascar}}; color:white;"| 1

| 70px

| Philibert Tsiranana
{{small|(1912–1978)}}

| 1965
1972

| {{nowrap|26 June}} 1960

| {{nowrap|11 October}} 1972
{{small|(resigned.)}}{{efn|Stepped down amidst massive political protests, and handed over power to the military (after the referendum on military rule).}}

| {{ayd|1960|06|26|1972|10|11}}

| PSD

| Ramanantsoa

style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;"| 2

| 70px

| Gabriel Ramanantsoa
{{small|(1906–1979)}}{{efn|name=Head of state|Styled as Head of State.}}

| 1972
{{small|(referendum)}}

| {{nowrap|11 October}} 1972

| {{nowrap|5 February}} 1975
{{small|(resigned.)}}

| {{ayd|1972|10|11|1975|02|05}}

| Military

| Himself

style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;"| —

| 70px

| Richard Ratsimandrava
{{small|(1931–1975)}}{{efn|name=Head of state}}

| —

| {{nowrap|5 February}} 1975

| {{nowrap|11 February}} 1975
{{small|(assassinated.)}}

| {{ayd|1975|02|05|1975|02|11}}

| Military

| rowspan=3| Position abolished

style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;"| —

| 70px

| Gilles Andriamahazo
{{small|(1919–1989)}}{{efn|Styled as Chairman of the National Military Leadership Committee.}}

| —

| {{nowrap|12 February}} 1975

| {{nowrap|15 June}} 1975

| {{ayd|1975|02|12|1975|06|15}}

| Military

style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;"| —

| 70px

| Didier Ratsiraka
{{small|(1936–2021)}}{{efn|Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council.}}

| —

| {{nowrap|15 June}} 1975

| {{nowrap|30 December}} 1975

| {{ayd|1975|06|15|1975|12|30}}

| Military

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan="9" |Democratic Republic of Madagascar

style="background:{{party color|Malagasy Revolutionary Party}}; color:white;"| 3

| 70px

| Didier Ratsiraka
{{small|(1936–2021)}}{{efn|Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council until 4 January 1976.}}

| 1982
1989

| {{nowrap|30 December}} 1975

| {{nowrap|12 January}} 1992

| {{ayd|1975|12|30|1992|01|12}}

| Military /
AREMA

| Rakotomalala
Rakotoniaina
Rakotoarijaona
Ramahatra
Razanamasy

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan="9" |Third Republic of Madagascar

style="background:{{party color|Malagasy Revolutionary Party}}; color:white;"| {{small|(3)}}

| 70px

| Didier Ratsiraka
{{small|(1936–2021)}}

| —

| {{nowrap|12 January}} 1992

| {{nowrap|27 March}} 1993

| {{ayd|1992|01|12|1993|03|27}}

| AREMA

| Razanamasy

style="background:LightGreen; color:white;"| 4

| 70px

| Albert Zafy
{{small|(1927–2017)}}

| 1992–93

| {{nowrap|27 March}} 1993

| {{nowrap|5 September}} 1996
{{small|(resigned.)}}

| {{ayd|1993|03|27|1996|09|05}}

| UNDD

| Razanamasy
Ravony
Rakotovahiny
Ratsirahonana

style="background:#e6e6aa;"

! style="background:{{party color|Judged by Your Work Party}}; color:white;"| —

| 70px

| Norbert Ratsirahonana
{{small|(born 1938)}}

| —

| {{nowrap|5 September}} 1996

| {{nowrap|9 February}} 1997

| {{ayd|1996|09|05|1997|02|09}}

| AVI

| Himself

style="background:{{party color|Malagasy Revolutionary Party}}; color:white;"| {{small|(3)}}

| 70px

| Didier Ratsiraka
{{small|(1936–2021)}}

| 1996

| {{nowrap|9 February}} 1997

| {{small|({{nowrap|25 February}} 2002)}}{{efn|Based in Toamasina.}}
{{nowrap|5 July}} 2002

| {{ayd|1997|02|09|2002|07|05}}

| AREMA

| Ratsirahonana
Rakotomavo
Andrianarivo
Rasolondraibe

style="background:{{party color|Tiako i Madagasikara}}; color:white;"| 5

| 70px

| Marc Ravalomanana
{{small|(born 1949)}}

| 2001
2006

| {{small|({{nowrap|22 February}} 2002)}}{{efn|Based in Antananarivo.}}
{{nowrap|5 July}} 2002

| {{nowrap|17 March}} 2009
{{small|(deposed.)}}

| {{ayd|2002|07|05|2009|03|17}}

| TIM

| Sylla
Rabemananjara

style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;"| —

| 70px

| Hyppolite Ramaroson
{{small|(born 1951)}}{{efn|Styled as Head of Military Directorate.}}

| —

| colspan=2| {{nowrap|17 March}} 2009

| Several hours

| Military

| Position vacant

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan="9" |High Transitional Authority

style="background:{{party color|Young Malagasies Determined}}; color:white;"| —

| 70px

| Andry Rajoelina
{{small|(born 1974)}}

| —

| {{small|({{nowrap|7 February}} 2009)}}
{{nowrap|17 March}} 2009

| {{nowrap|25 January}} 2014

| {{ayd|2009|03|17|2014|01|25}}

| TGV

| Roindefo
Mangalaza
Manorohanta
Vital
Beriziky

bgcolor=#EEEEEE

| colspan="9" |Fourth Republic of Madagascar

style="background:#204D7B; color:white;"| 6

| 70px

| Hery Rajaonarimampianina
{{small|(born 1958)}}

| 2013

| {{nowrap|25 January}} 2014

| {{nowrap|7 September}} 2018

| {{ayd|2014|01|25|2018|09|07}}

| HVM

| Beriziky
Kolo
Ranelonarivo
Solonandrasana
Ntsay

style="background:#e6e6aa;"

! style="background:#204D7B; color:white;"| —

| 70px

| Rivo Rakotovao
{{small|(born 1960)}}

| —

| {{nowrap|7 September}} 2018

| {{nowrap|19 January}} 2019

| {{ayd|2018|09|07|2019|01|19}}

| HVM

| Ntsay

style="background:{{party color|Young Malagasies Determined}}; color:white;"| 7

| 70px

| Andry Rajoelina
{{small|(born 1974)}}

| 2018

| {{nowrap|19 January}} 2019

| {{nowrap|9 September}} 2023

| {{ayd|2019|01|19|2023|09|09}}

| TGV

| Ntsay

style="background:#e6e6aa;"

! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}; color:black;" | —

| 70px

| Council of Ministers
{{small|Prime Minister:
Christian Ntsay
(born 1961)}}

| —

| 9 September 2023

| 27 October 2023

| {{ayd|2023|09|09|2023|10|27}}

| Independent

| Himself

style="background:#e6e6aa;"

! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}; color:black;" | —

| 70px

| Richard Ravalomanana
{{small|(born 1959)}}

| —

| 27 October 2023

| 16 December 2023

| {{ayd|2023|10|27|2023|12|16}}

| Independent

| Ntsay

style="background:{{party color|Young Malagasies Determined}}; color:white;"| {{small|(7)}}

| 70px

| Andry Rajoelina
{{small|(born 1974)}}

| 2023

| 16 December 2023

| Incumbent

| {{ayd|2023|12|16}}

| TGV

| Ntsay

Timeline

{{#tag:timeline|

ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:14

PlotArea = top:10 bottom:100 right:180 left:20

AlignBars = late

Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}

Colors =

id:ind value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8) legend:Independent

id:military value:rgb(0.76,0.69,0.57) legend:Madagascar_Armed_Forces

id:psd value:rgb(0.92,0.24,0.23) legend:Social_Democratic_Party

id:arema value:rgb(0.73,0.04,0.08) legend:AREMA

id:undd value:rgb(0.56,0.93,0.56) legend:National_Union_for_Democracy_and_Development

id:avi value:rgb(0,0.5,0) legend:Judged_by_Your_Work_Party

id:tim value:rgb(0.02,0.25,0.75) legend:Tiako_I_Madagasikara

id:tgv value:rgb(1,0.65,0) legend:Young_Malagasies_Determined

id:hvm value:rgb(0.25,0.43,0.71) legend:Hery_Vaovao_ho_an'i_Madagasikara

id:gray1 value:gray(0.85)

id:gray2 value:gray(0.95)

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy

Period = from:01/01/1959 till:31/12/{{#expr:{{#time:Y}}+1}}

TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:5 start:1960

ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1959

Legend = columns:1 left:130 top:55 columnwidth:170

TextData =

pos:(20,58) textcolor:black fontsize:M

text:"Political party:"

BarData =

bar:Tsiranana

bar:Ramanantsoa

bar:Ratsimandrava

bar:Andriamahazo

bar:Ratsiraka

bar:Zafy

bar:Ratsirahonana

bar:Ravalomanana

bar:Ramaroson

bar:Rajoelina

bar:Rajaonarimampianina

bar:Rakotovao

bar:Ntsay

bar:RRavalomanana

PlotData =

width:5 align:left fontsize:9 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

bar:Tsiranana

from: 01/05/1959 till: 11/10/1972 color:psd text:"Philibert Tsiranana"

bar:Ramanantsoa

from: 11/10/1972 till: 05/02/1975 color:military text:"Gabriel Ramanantsoa"

bar:Ratsimandrava

from: 05/02/1975 till: 11/02/1975 color:military text:"Richard Ratsimandrava"

bar:Andriamahazo

from: 12/02/1975 till: 15/06/1975 color:military text:"Gilles Andriamahazo"

bar:Ratsiraka

from: 15/06/1975 till: 30/11/1976 color:military

from: 19/03/1976 till: 27/03/1993 color:arema

from: 09/02/1997 till: 15/07/2002 color:arema text:"Didier Ratsiraka"

bar:Zafy

from: 27/03/1993 till: 05/09/1996 color:undd text:"Albert Zafy"

bar:Ratsirahonana

from: 05/09/1996 till: 09/02/1997 color:avi text:"Norbert Ratsirahonana (acting)"

bar:Ravalomanana

from: 22/02/2002 till: 17/03/2009 color:tim text:"Marc Ravalomanana"

bar:Ramaroson

from: 17/03/2009 till: 17/03/2009 color:military text:"Hyppolite Ramaroson (acting)"

bar:Rajoelina

from: 07/02/2009 till: 25/01/2014 color:tgv

from: 19/01/2019 till: 09/09/2023 color:tgv

from: 16/12/2023 till: $today color:tgv text:"Andry Rajoelina"

bar:Rajaonarimampianina

from: 25/01/2014 till: 07/09/2018 color:hvm text:"Hery Rajaonarimampianina"

bar:Rakotovao

from: 07/09/2018 till: 19/01/2019 color:hvm text:"Rivo Rakotovao (acting)"

bar:Ntsay

from: 09/09/2023 till: 27/10/2023 color:ind text:"Christian Ntsay (acting)"

bar:RRavalomanana

from: 27/10/2023 till: 16/12/2023 color:ind text:"Richard Ravalomanana (acting)"

}}

Term of office in years

This is a list of each president (excluding acting presidents) in order of term length.

Of the 7 people that has served as president, only two, Didier Ratsiraka and Andry Rajoelina, served in non consecutive periods.

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; border:1px #AAAAFF solid"
Rank

!President

!Political party

!Longest continuous term

!Total time in office

!Periods

1

|Didier Ratsiraka

|Military/AREMA

|{{age in years and days|1975|06|15|1993|03|27}}

|{{age in years and days|1979|04|30|2002|07|05}}

|2

2

|Philibert Tsiranana

|PSD

||{{age in years and days|1959|05|01|1972|10|11}}

||{{age in years and days|1959|05|01|1972|10|11}}

|1

bgcolor="lightgreen"

!3

|Andry Rajoelina

|TGV

|{{age in years and days|2009|03|17|2014|01|25}}

|{{age in years and days|2014|06|17}}

|3

4

|Marc Ravalomanana

|TIM

|{{age in years and days|2002|07|05|2009|03|17}}

|{{age in years and days|2002|07|05|2009|03|17}}

|1

5

|Hery Rajaonarimampianina

|HVM

|{{age in years and days|2014|01|25|2018|09|07}}

|{{age in years and days|2014|01|25|2018|09|07}}

|1

6

|Albert Zafy

|UNDD

|{{age in years and days|1993|03|27|1996|09|05}}

|{{age in years and days|1993|03|27|1996|09|05}}

|1

7

|Gabriel Ramanantsoa

|Military

|{{age in years and days|1972|10|11|1975|02|05}}

|{{age in years and days|1972|10|11|1975|02|05}}

|1

Latest election

{{main|2023 Malagasy presidential election}}

{{#section-h:2023 Malagasy presidential election|Results}}

See also

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Madagascar.htm World Statesmen – Madagascar]

{{Presidents of Madagascar}}

{{Madagascar topics}}

{{Heads of state and government of Africa}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Presidents Of Madagascar}}

Madagascar, List of presidents of

Category:Government of Madagascar

Presidents

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