List of titles and names of Krishna

{{Short description|List of titles and names of Hindu deity Krishna}}

{{Redirect|Parthasarathy|other people, places, or things with this name|Parthasarathy (disambiguation)}}

Krishna ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|ɪ|ʃ|n|ə}}; {{langx|sa|कृष्ण}}, {{IAST3|Kṛṣṇa}} pronounced {{IPA|sa|ˈkr̩ʂ.ɳɐ||}} (Classical Sanskrit) and {{IPA|sa|kr̩ʂ.ɳɐ́||}} in (Vedic Sanskrit) is a Hindu deity worshipped across many traditions of Hinduism in a variety of different perspectives. In Hinduism, Krishna is recognized as the complete and eighth incarnation of Vishnu, or as the Supreme God (Svayam Bhagavan) in his own right.{{cite journal

| author = Mahony, W.K. | year = 1987 | title = Perspectives on Krsna's Various Personalities | journal = History of Religions | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | pages = 333–335 | jstor = 1062381 | publisher = American Oriental Society| doi=10.1086/463085| s2cid = 164194548 }}

As one of the most popular of all Hindu deities, Krishna has acquired a number of epithets, and absorbed many regionally significant deities, such as Jagannatha in Odisha and Vithoba in Maharashtra. The Hindu texts portray him in various perspectives:{{Harvnb|Knott|2000|p=56}} a lovable infant, a divine child, a prankster, a cowherd, a model lover, a divine hero, a diplomat, a king, a kingmaker, a selfless friend, a philosopher, charioteer to Arjuna and a dispenser of spiritual discourse, in the Bhagavad Gita.{{Harvnb|Knott|2000|loc=p. 36, p. 15}} Among the principal scriptures that discuss Krishna's legend are the Mahabharata, the Harivamsa, the Srimad Bhagavatam, and the Vishnu Purana. The Vishnu Sahasranama, the list of Vishnu's thousand names, also includes many of the titles and names of Krishna.

Epithets

In popular culture, Krishna is often associated with 108 names.{{Cite book |last=Rogerson |first=Barnaby |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZWQsAQAAQBAJ&dq=108+names+of+krishna&pg=PA19 |title=Rogerson's Book of Numbers: The culture of numbers from 1001 Nights to the Seven Wonders of the World |date=2013-11-07 |publisher=Profile Books |isbn=978-1-84765-983-5 |pages=19 |language=en}}{{Cite book |last=Nadeau |first=Randall L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T0WcAgAAQBAJ&dq=108+names+of+krishna&pg=PA125 |title=Asian Religions: A Cultural Perspective |date=2014-01-13 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-118-47195-1 |pages=125 |language=en}} The following is a list of fifty of among the most popular names, titles, and epithets associated with the deity Krishna:

Name	Transliteration	Translation
class="wikitable sortable"
अच्युत	{{IAST\|Acyuta}}	He who is infallible{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2016-04-09 \|title=Acyuta, Acyutā: 31 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/acyuta \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
माधव	{{IAST\|Mādhava}}	He who is the lord of knowledge;{{Cite book \|last=Knapp \|first=Stephen \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a2KPChj7lTwC&dq=hrishikesha+lord+of+senses&pg=PA159 \|title=The Heart of Hinduism: The Eastern Path to Freedom, Empowerment And Illumination \|date=2005 \|publisher=iUniverse \|isbn=978-0-595-35075-9 \|pages=159 \|language=en}} He who is like honey
गोविन्द	{{IAST\|Govinda}}	He who is a cow-protector{{Cite book \|last=Fieldhouse \|first=Paul \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P-FqDgAAQBAJ&dq=govinda+meaning+prottector&pg=PA331 \|title=Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions [2 volumes] \|date=2017-04-17 \|publisher=ABC-CLIO \|isbn=978-1-61069-412-4 \|pages=331 \|language=en}}
जनार्दन	{{IAST\|Janārdana}}	He who is the original abode and protector of all living beings
केशव	{{IAST\|Keśava}}	He who has long locks of hair;{{Cite book \|last=Knapp \|first=Stephen \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a2KPChj7lTwC&dq=keshava+meaning&pg=PA159 \|title=The Heart of Hinduism: The Eastern Path to Freedom, Empowerment And Illumination \|date=2005 \|publisher=iUniverse \|isbn=978-0-595-35075-9 \|pages=159 \|language=en}} slayer of Keshi; He who is himself the Trimurti
हरि	{{IAST\|Hari}}	He who takes away (sins){{Cite book \|last=Hopkins \|first=Steven P. \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUO5fk-mS8IC&dq=janardhana+meaning&pg=PA161 \|title=An Ornament for Jewels: Love Poems For The Lord of Gods, by Vedantadesika \|date=2007-10-18 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-804372-0 \|pages=161 \|language=en}}
द्वारकानाथ	{{IAST\|Dvārakanātha}}	He who is the lord of Dvaraka
मुरारि	{{IAST\|Murāri}}	He who is the slayer of the asura Mura{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2019-01-13 \|title=Murari, Mura-ari, Murāri: 10 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/murari \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
वासुदेव	{{IAST\|Vāsudeva}}	He who is the son of Vasudeva
मुकुन्द	{{IAST\|Mukunda}}	He who offers liberation{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2016-08-07 \|title=Mukunda, Mukundā, Mukumda: 20 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/mukunda \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
पार्थसारथि	{{IAST\|Pārthasārathī}}	He who is the charioteer of Partha (Arjuna){{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2017-04-20 \|title=Parthasarathi, Pārthasārathī, Pārthasārathi, Partha-sarathi: 4 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/parthasarathi \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
मधुसूदन	{{IAST\|Madhusūdana}}	He who is the slayer of the asura Madhu{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2012-06-29 \|title=Madhusudana, Madhusūdana, Madhu-sudana: 20 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/madhusudana \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
दामोदर	{{IAST\|Dāmodara}}	He who has a rope around his stomach
जगन्नाथ	{{IAST\|Jagannātha}}	He who is the lord of the universe
गोपाल	{{IAST\|Gopāla}}	He who is a cow-protector{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2012-06-29 \|title=Gopala, Gopāla, Go-pala: 28 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/gopala \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
पुरुषोत्तम	{{IAST\|Puruṣottama}}	He who is the highest being
नन्दकुमार	{{IAST\|Nandakumāra}}	He who is the prince (son) of Nanda
मनोहर	{{IAST\|Manohara}}	He who is lovely
जगदिश	{{IAST\|Jagadiśa}}	He who is the protector of the universe
सुरेश	{{IAST\|Sureśa}}	He who is the lord of the suras (devas)
श्रीकान्त	{{IAST\|Śrīkānta}}	He who is beloved by Shri (Lakshmi)
श्रीनाथ	{{IAST\|Śrīnātha}}	He who is the husband of Shri (Lakshmi)
परमेश्वर	{{IAST\|Parameśvara}}	He who is the supreme lord
मोहन	{{IAST\|Mohana}}	He who is enchanting
गिरिधर	{{IAST\|Giridhara}}	He who bears mountains
सर्वजन	{{IAST\|Sarvajana}}	He who is omniscient
पुण्य	{{IAST\|Punyah}}	He who is supremely pure
मुरलीधर	{{IAST\|Muralīdhara}}	He who bears the flute{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2019-01-08 \|title=Muralidhara, Muralīdhara, Murali-dhara: 9 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/muralidhara \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
देवकीपुत्र	{{IAST\|Devakīputra}}	He who is the son of Devaki
नवनीत	{{IAST\|Navanīta}}	He who eats butter
निरञ्जना	{{IAST\|Nirañjanā}}	He who is unblemished
हृषीकेश	{{IAST\|Hṛṣīkeśa}}	He who is the master of the senses
पतितपावन	{{IAST\|Patitapāvana}}	He who is the purifier of the fallen{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2018-05-25 \|title=Patitapavana, Patitapāvana: 3 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/patitapavana \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
श्यामसुन्दर	{{IAST\|Śyāmasundara}}	He who is dark and handsome
यदुनन्दन	{{IAST\|Yadunandana}}	He who belongs to the Yadu dynasty
ईश्वर	{{IAST\|Iśvara}}	He who is the lord{{Cite book \|last=Easwaran \|first=Eknath \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2WsnLilhMYkC&dq=ishvara+meaning+lord+krishna&pg=PA258 \|title=Bhagavad Gita \|date=2004 \|publisher=Shambhala Publications \|isbn=978-1-59030-190-6 \|pages=258 \|language=en}} (of the universe)
ज्ञानेश्‍वर	{{IAST\|Jñāneśvara}}	He who is the lord of wisdom
चतुर्भुज	{{IAST\|Caturbhuja}}	He who has four arms
दयानिधि	{{IAST\|Dayānidhi}}	He who is the treasure of mercy{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2011-12-19 \|title=Dayanidhi: 4 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/dayanidhi \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
दयालु	{{IAST\|Dayālu}}	He who is the repository of compassion
अनिरुद्ध	{{IAST\|Aniruddha}}	He who cannot be obstructed
अक्षरा	{{IAST\|Akṣarā}}	He who is indestructible
अद्भुत	{{IAST\|Adbhutā}}	He who is astonishing
रुक्मिणीपति	{{IAST\|Rukmiṇīpati}}	He who is the husband of Rukmini{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2022-01-10 \|title=Rukminipati, Rukmini-pati, Rukmiṇīpati: 1 definition \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/rukminipati \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
योगेश्वर	{{IAST\|Yogeśvara}}	He who is the lord of yoga
राधावल्लभ	{{IAST\|Rādhāvallabha}}	He who is the beloved of Radha{{Cite web \|last=www.wisdomlib.org \|date=2019-01-06 \|title=Radhavallabha, Rādhāvallabha: 6 definitions \|url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/radhavallabha \|access-date=2022-12-05 \|website=www.wisdomlib.org \|language=en}}
पाण्डुरङ्ग	{{IAST\|Pāṇḍuraṅga}}	He who is the lord of Pandharpur
ഗുരുവായൂരപ്പൻ	{{IAST\|Guruvāyūrappan}}	He who is the father of Guruvayur
கண்ணன்	{{IAST\|Kaṇṇaṉ}}	He who is dear{{Cite book \|last=Hopkins \|first=Steven P. \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUO5fk-mS8IC&dq=janardhana+meaning&pg=PA161 \|title=An Ornament for Jewels: Love Poems For The Lord of Gods, by Vedantadesika \|date=2007-10-18 \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|isbn=978-0-19-804372-0 \|pages=162 \|language=en}}
कान्हा	{{IAST\|Kāṇha}}	He who is dark-skinned
पद्मनाभ	{{IAST\|Padmanābha}}	one from whose navel the lotus emanates

References

=Bibliography=

{{Cite book | last = Knott | first = Kim | year = 2000 | title = Hinduism: A Very Short Introduction | publisher = Oxford University Press, USA | isbn = 0-19-285387-2 | url = https://archive.org/details/hinduismveryshor0000knot | url-access = registration }}

External links

[https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-brahmanda-purana/d/doc362893.html Krishnamrita stotra: 108 Names of Krishna] as found in Brahmanda Purana 3.36; English translation by G. V. Tagare
[http://astrology.aryabhatt.com/108_Names_Krishna.asp 108 Names of Krishna]
Astottara-satanamas (108 names): Krishna [http://www.prapatti.com/slokas/sanskrit/krishnaashtottaram.pdf devanagari] [http://www.prapatti.com/slokas/mp3/krishnaashtottaram.mp3 mp3 audio]
Sahasranamas (1000 names): Krishna, [http://www.brihaspati.net/sahasranaam.htm Gopala], Balakrishna, [http://sanskrit.safire.com/pdf/RADHAKRISHNA_TRANS.pdf Radha-Krishna]
[http://aumamen.com/topic/names-of-lord-sri-krishna-and-their-meanings List of more names of Lord Sri Krishna]

Krishna, names

List of titles and names of Krishna

Epithets

See also

References

=Bibliography=

External links