Lithraea

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|image = Lithrea caustica fruits.JPG

|image_caption = Lithraea caustica

|taxon = Lithraea

|authority = Miers ex Hook. & Arn.

|synonyms = Lithrea Miers ex Hook. & Arn.{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?6902 |title=Lithraea Miers ex Hook. & Arn. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2009-11-23 |access-date=2010-02-12}}

|subdivision_ranks = Species

|subdivision =

Lithraea brasiliensis

Lithraea caustica

Lithraea molleoides

}}

Lithraea is a genus of three species of flowering plants in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. It is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. They are dioecious trees with poisonous sap that can induce contact dermatitis.{{cite journal|jstor= 43927570|last1= Mitchell|first1= John D.|title= The Poisonous Anacardiaceae Genera of the World|journal= Advances in Economic Botany|year= 1990|volume= 8|pages= 103–129}}