Lomatium grayi
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Lomatium_grayi_3293.JPG
|status = {{TNCStatus}}
|status_system = TNC
|taxon = Lomatium grayi
|authority = (J.M.Coult. & Rose) J.M.Coult. & Rose
}}
Lomatium grayi, commonly known as Gray's biscuitroot, Gray's desert parsley, or pungent desert parsley, is a perennial herb of the family Apiaceae. It is native to Western Canada in British Columbia, and the Western United States, including from the Eastern Cascades and northeastern California to the Rocky Mountains.[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=LOGR&mapType=nativity&photoID=logr_001_avp.jpg USDA: Lomatium grayi]; info + native distribution map . Accessed 8 January 2013.[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_county_map.pl?taxon_id=31420&hcode=0002000004 Consortium of California Herbaria (Jepson): Lomatium grayi distribution]. Accessed 8 January 2013.
It is a perennial herb found growing in dry rocky banks and slopes.Lomatium grayi in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=31420 info + detailed distribution map] . Accessed 8 January 2013. It grows throughout the sagebrush steppe{{Cite book|last=Taylor|first=Ronald J.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/25708726|title=Sagebrush Country: A Wildflower Sanctuary|publisher=Mountain Press Pub. Co|year=1994|isbn=0-87842-280-3|edition=rev.|location=Missoula, MT|pages=96|language=en|oclc=25708726|orig-year=1992}} and also in pinyon–juniper woodland. It has a lifespan of 5–7 years.
Description
File:Lomatium-grayi--mature-seeds 8974240792 o 2.jpg
Lomatium grayi has glabrous stems that split at the ground, and a long, thick taproot. The dark-green leaves are numerously divided. It flowers from March to July with 1–20 compound umbels, each with hundreds of yellow flowers,[http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?Genus=Lomatium&Species=grayi Burke Museum—WTU Herbarium: Lomatium grayi] — info + images. Accessed 8 January 2013. upon leafless stalks. The fruit is glabrous, elliptic, 8–15 mm long, with the lateral wings about half as wide as the body.[https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Lomatium%20papilioniferum Burke Museum—WTU Herbarium: Lomatium papilioniferum]. Accessed 22 May 2021. The plant has a strong odor resembling parsley.
;Varieties
- Lomatium grayi var. depauperatum (M.E. Jones) Mathias; endemic to northeastern Nevada and northwestern Utah.[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=LOGRD USDA Plants Profile: Lomatium grayi var. depauperatum — (Gray's biscuitroot)] . Accessed 8 January 2013.
- Lomatium grayi var. grayi[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=LOGRG2 USDA: Lomatium grayi var. depauperatum — (Gray's biscuitroot)] . Accessed 8 January 2013.
Taxonomy
A 2018 study has proposed splitting L. grayi into four species, based on morphometric analysis: Lomatium klickitatense in Klickitat County, Washington and surrounding areas; Lomatium papilioniferum in the rest of the Pacific Northwest; Lomatium depauperatum (formerly L. grayi var. depauperatum) in western Utah and eastern Nevada; and Lomatium grayi s.s. in the western Rocky Mountains and adjoining basins.{{cite journal |last1=Alexander |first1=J. A. |last2=Whaley |first2=W. |last3=Blain |first3=N. |title=The Lomatium grayi complex (Apiaceae) of the western United States: a taxonomic revision based on morphometric, essential oil composition, and larva-host coevolution studies |journal=Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas |date=2018 |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=387–444 |doi=10.17348/jbrit.v12.i2.945 |s2cid=244520142 |url=https://journals.brit.org/jbrit/article/view/945|doi-access=free }}
Uses
The plant was used as a food source by the Northern Paiute people in Oregon; new tender stems were eaten raw, and the roots were a winter starvation food.[http://herb.umd.umich.edu/herb/search.pl?searchstring=Lomatium+grayi Native American Ethnobotany (University of Michigan - Dearborn)] . Accessed 8 January 2013.
References
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External links
{{Commons category|Lomatium grayi}}
- [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=LOGR USDA Plants Profile: Lomatium grayi (Gray's biscuitroot)]
- [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=31420 Jepson eFlora treatment: Lomatium grayi]
- [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=ucjeps&where-genre=Plant&where-taxon=Lomatium+grayi&title_tag=Lomatium+grayi Lomatium grayi — U.C. Photo gallery]
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Category:Flora of British Columbia
Category:Flora of Washington (state)
Category:Flora of the Great Basin
Category:Flora of the Rocky Mountains
Category:Flora of the Western United States