Lonicera etrusca
{{Short description|Species of honeysuckle}}
{{speciesbox
|image = Lonicera etrusca 3.jpg
|genus = Lonicera
|species = etrusca
|authority = Santi
|synonyms =
{{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
- Caprifolium cyrenaicum Kuntze
- Caprifolium dimorphum (Tausch) Kuntze
- Caprifolium etruscum Schult.
- Caprifolium germanicum Quer
- Lonicera dimorpha Tausch
}}
|synonyms_ref = {{cite web
|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2340158
|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
|accessdate=7 December 2014}}
}}
Lonicera etrusca is a species of honeysuckle known by the common name Etruscan honeysuckle.{{BSBI 2007 |access-date=2014-10-17}}{{PLANTS|id=LOET|taxon=Lonicera etrusca|accessdate=26 January 2016}} It is native to Southern Europe, Western Asia and North Africa and it is known elsewhere, including the Pacific Northwest of North America, as an introduced species where it has escaped cultivation.{{cite web |title=Lonicera etrusca Santi |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6QMQX |publisher=Catalogue of Life |access-date=10 February 2021}} It is kept in gardens as an ornamental plant.
Description
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2021}}
This is a deciduous perennial climber which can reach lengths of 6 meters. It is lined with oval leaves several centimeters long and bears dense spikes of flowers with pairs of fused leaves at the bases. Each flower has an elongated tubular corolla up to 5 centimeters long divided partway into two lips. The flower is light yellow to pale reddish-pink. The stamens and style protrude from the flower's mouth. The fruit is a bright red rounded berry.{{cite web |title=Etruscan Honeysuckle (Lonicera etrusca) - Plants |url=https://candide.com/IE/plants/fc9589d3ef15d6a222fea3958bbecc4c |website=Candide |language=en-IE}}
Cultivars
Notable cultivars include 'Donald Waterer'{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Lonicera etrusca 'Donald Waterer'|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/59789/Lonicera-etrusca-Donald-Waterer/Details | accessdate = 29 October 2020}} and 'Superba'.{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Lonicera etrusca 'Superba'|url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/63762/Lonicera-etrusca-Superba/Details | accessdate = 29 October 2020}} The latter has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 61 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 28 March 2018}} It bears fragrant cream-coloured flowers, which age to yellow.
Other uses
In addition to the plant being grown as an ornamental, the leaves and flowers of L. etrusca var. etrusca are used as fodder on Mount Honaz and in its vicinity in the Denizli Province of Turkey.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Muhsin_Konuk/publication/225749741_An_Ethnobotanical_Survey_of_Inner-West_Anatolia_Turkey/links/0c960528d329b835d7000000/An-Ethnobotanical-Survey-of-Inner-West-Anatolia-Turkey.pdf?origin=publication_detail Kargıoğlu,Mustafa, Cenkci,Süleyman, Serteser,Ahmet, Konuk,Muhsin and Vural,GürselTraditional Uses of Wild Plants in the Middle Aegean Region of Turkey Human Ecology, Volume 38, Number 3, 2010. Retrieved 10.52 on 6 May 2018.
Toxicity
The berries are poisonous, however they serve as an important source of food for some animals, namely Frugivores that live alongside L. etrusca.https://www.botanical-online.com/english/honeysuckle-species.htm Retrieved 9.23 6 May 2018.{{cite journal | doi=10.3390/plants10040815 | doi-access=free | title=Phloem-Feeding Herbivores Affect Floral Development and Reproduction in the Etruscan Honeysuckle (Lonicera etrusca Santi) | date=2021 | last1=Rojas-Nossa | first1=Sandra V. | last2=Sánchez | first2=José María | last3=Navarro | first3=Luis | journal=Plants | volume=10 | issue=4 | page=815 | pmid=33924177 | hdl=11093/2134 | hdl-access=free }}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons}}
- [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?2874,2877,2881 Jepson Manual Treatment]
- [http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php?ID=1121 Burke Museum Profile]
- [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Lonicera+etrusca Photo gallery]
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