Louis III, Landgrave of Thuringia

He was the eldest son of Landgrave Louis II and his wife Judith of Hohenstaufen. In 1172, he succeeded his father as Landgrave of Thuringia. His younger brother Henry Raspe III (not to be confused with the later anti-king Henry Raspe IV) inherited Hesse and the possessions on the Rhine.

Louis III by and large continued his father's policies. He fought feuds with the noble families in Thuringia and the rulers of neighbouring territories (including the House of Schwarzburg and the House of Ascania) and with the Archbishopric of Mainz. He was a nephew of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and supported his policies. He stood initially on the side of Henry the Lion of the House of Welf. When Henry fell out with the Hohenstaufens in 1179, Louis sided with Henry's Saxon opponents. In 1180, he received the County Palatine of Saxony as a reward for this from the emperor. However, he gave the County Palatine to his brother Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia in 1181. In 1184 he was present when Henry VI held court at a Hoftag in the Petersberg Citadel in Erfurt, during which the floor collapsed and 60 attendees fell to their death in the latrine below (see Erfurt latrine disaster). Ludwig was one of the few survivors.{{cite web | url=https://www.erfurt-lese.de/streifzuege/geschichtliches/erfurter-latrinensturz/ | title=Erfurter Latrinensturz }}

He participated in the Third Crusade. When the main army took the land route via the Balkans and Asia Minor, Louis III and his contingent embarked in Brindisi and sailed to Tyre. After arriving in the Holy Land, he participated in the siege of Acre. However, before Barbarossa arrived with the main army, Louis III fell ill and decided to return home. He died on a ship sailing to Cyprus. His entrails were buried on the island; his bones were transferred to the Reinhardsbrunn monastery. In the 14th century, his bones were reburied in the Church of St. George in Eisenach.

{{Reflist}}

• {{NDB|15|421|422|Ludwig III. der Fromme, Landgraf von Thüringen|Walter Heinemeyer}}
• {{De-ADB|19|593|594|Ludwig III. der Fromme, Landgraf von Thüringen|Karl Robert Wenck|ADB:Ludwig III. (Landgraf von Thüringen)}}
• Helga Wäß: Die Figurengrabplatte für Landgraf Ludwig III. Form und Wahrnehmung mitteldeutscher Gedächtnisskulptur im 14. Jahrhundert, vol. 2: Katalog ausgewählter Objekte vom Hohen Mittelalter bis zum Anfang des 15. Jahrhunderts, Tenea Verlag, Berlin, 2006, {{ISBN|3-86504-159-0}}. Luois' grave plate is described in vol.2, p 531-542 and fig. 798
• Friedrich Heinrich von der Hagen: Des Landgrafen Ludwig's des Frommen Kreuzfahrt. Heldengedicht der Belagerung von Akkon am Ende des zwölften Jahrhunderts, F.A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1854, reprinted: Elibron Classics, 2005, {{ISBN|1-4212-0687-0}}
• {{cite book|last=Knochenhauer |first=Theodor |title=Geschichte Thüringens Zur Zeit Des Ersten Landgrafenhauses (1039-1247) |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_nigPAAAAYAAJ |location=Gotha |year=1871 }}
• {{cite book|last=Galletti |first=Johann Georg A. |title=Geschichte Thüringens |year=1784 |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_fG4IAAAAQAAJ }}
• {{cite book|last=Mägdefrau |first=Werner |title=Thüringen im Mittelalter 1130-1310 Von den Ludowingern zu den Wettinern |publisher=Rockstuhl |location=Jena |year=2010 |isbn=978-3-86777-152-8}}
• {{cite book|last=Warsitzka |first=Wilfried |title=Die Thüringer Landgrafen |publisher=Dr. Bussert & Stadeler |year=2002 |isbn=978-3932906220}}

• {{Commons category-inline|Louis III of Thuringia}}

{{Authority control}}

{{S-start}}

{{S-hou|Ludowingians||1151 or 1152|16 October|1190}}

{{S-bef|before=Louis II}}

{{S-ttl|title=Landgrave of Thuringia|years=1172-1190}}

{{S-aft|after=Herman I|rows=2}}

{{S-bef|before=Adalbert}}

{{S-ttl|title=Count Palatine of Saxony|years=1180-1181}}

{{S-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Louis 03 Thuringia}}

Category:Landgraves of Thuringia

Category:Christians of the Third Crusade

Category:1150s births

Category:1190 deaths

Category:Year of birth uncertain

Category:12th-century German nobility

Category:Ludovingians