Louis Ridenour
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{{Infobox scientist
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Louis Nicot Ridenour
| image = Louis Ridenour.jpg
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1911|06|27}}
| birth_place = Montclair, New Jersey, United States
| death_date = {{d-da|May 21, 1959|June 27, 1911}}
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| nationality = American
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| fields = Physics
| workplaces = Princeton University Instructor 1935 ~ 1938
University of Pennsylvania 1938 ~ 1941
M.I.T. Assistant Director of Radiation Laboratory 1941 ~ 1946
University of Illinois 1947 ~ 1950
International Telemeter 1952 ~ 1955
Lockheed Aircraft Corporation 1955 ~ 1959
National Security Agency
| alma_mater = University of Chicago (B.S. Physics)
California Institute of Technology (Ph. D. Physics)
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| known_for = Radar
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Louis N. Ridenour (June 27, 1911 – May 21, 1959) was a physicist instrumental in the U.S. development of radar, Vice President of Lockheed, and an advisor to President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Biography and positions held
During World War II, Ridenour worked at the MIT Radiation Laboratory. He was co-leader with Ivan A. Getting of the group that developed the SCR-584 radar. He directed a committee in 1949 that recommended the establishment of a separate Research and Development Command and a new Air Staff Deputy Chief of Staff for Research and Development. In 1950, Ridenour was named the first Chief Scientist of the U.S. Air Force.{{cite web |url=http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA166671 |title=Establishing Air Research and Development Command: Two Civilian Scientists Played Key Roles |publisher=Oai.dtic.mil |date= |accessdate=January 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327064200/http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA166671 |archive-date=March 27, 2012 |url-status=dead }}
He served on the Scientific Advisory Committee for the Ballistic Research Laboratories at Aberdeen Proving Ground.Pamphlet; Ballistic Research Laboratories, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, United States Army Ordnance Corps, Department of the Army, April 1955
In 1941, he became the assistant director of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Radiation Laboratory and helped transform primitive radar into a reliable defensive and offensive military tool. In 1946, Ridenour returned to the University of Pennsylvania for one year and then in 1947, he became dean of the Graduate College of the University of Illinois. During the next three years as dean, he was instrumental in establishing the Control Systems Laboratory, the Digital Computer Laboratory, and the Radio Carbon Laboratory, as well as a microbiology group and solid state group.[https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA166671.pdf Article title]
He was chairman of the National Security Agency Scientific Advisory Board Panel on Electronics and Data Processing from its inception on January 27, 1959, until his death in May.
In 1960, he was awarded, posthumously, the Theodore von Kármán Award from the Air Force Association.{{cite web |url=http://www.afa.org/aboutus/recipients.asp |title=Previous Award Recipients |publisher=Afa.org |date=June 1, 2008 |accessdate=January 6, 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101226185821/http://afa.org/AboutUs/recipients.asp |archivedate=December 26, 2010}}
Ridenour was married to Gretchen Kraemer; they had two daughters, Nancy Page Buchanan (née Ridenour) and Eleanor Fay.
Ridenour died of a brain hemorrhage on May 21, 1959, at age 47.{{cite web|author=Monday, June 1, 1959 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,811174,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110201111250/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,811174,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 1, 2011 |title=Milestones, Jun. 1, 1959 |publisher=TIME |date=June 1, 1959 |accessdate=January 6, 2011}} His close associate, Dudley Allen Buck, died the same day.
Major contributions
Ridenour led the development of airborne microwave radar nicknamed "Micky", which allowed bombing through clouds.{{cite web|url=http://publicaffairs.illinois.edu/markerstour/north_ridenour_early_computers.html |title=Historical Markers Virtual Campus Tour |publisher=Publicaffairs.illinois.edu |date= |accessdate=January 6, 2011}}
Along with Gilbert W. King, Edwin L. Hughes, and George W. Brown, Ridenour patented an information storage system which combined optical disk storage of large capacity and a magnetic drum memory of low capacity. The write-once-read-many optical disk memory would be updated monthly, and recently changed data is held on the re-writable magnetic drum memory.
Patents
- 2,473,175 Radio-Direction-Finding System
- 2,843,655 Subscription Television with Scrambled Transmission and Marquee and Barker
- 2,843,841 Information Storage System
- 2,875,269 Video Scrambling and Unscrambling System
- 2,918,522 Subscription Television Distribution System
- 2,972,008 Coding Methods and System
Publications
Author of Radar System Engineering, volume 1 of MIT Radiation Laboratory Series. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1947.{{cite web|url=http://web.mit.edu/klund/www/weblatex/node7.html |title=The MIT Rad Lab Series |publisher=Web.mit.edu |date= |accessdate=January 6, 2011}}
Ridenour contributed to the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
References
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Category:Chief Scientists of the United States Air Force
Category:University of Chicago alumni