Lower Lake (Bhopal)
{{Short description|Lake in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox lake
| name = Lower Lake
| image = Lower Lake Bhopal.jpg
| alt = Children kayaking on the Lower Lake
| caption = Children kayaking on the Lower Lake
| image_bathymetry =
| alt_bathymetry =
| pushpin_map = India Madhya Pradesh#India
| pushpin_map_alt = Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
| pushpin_map_caption= Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
| caption_bathymetry =
| location = Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| coords = {{coord|23|16|0|N|77|25|0|E|region:IN-MP_type:waterbody|display =inline,title}}
| lake_type =
| inflow = Seepage from Upper Lake and drainage from 28 sewage-filled nullahs
| outflow = Halali River via Patra Drain
| catchment = {{convert|9.6|km2|abbr=on}}
| basin_countries =
| date-built = 1794
| date-flooded =
| length =
| width =
| area = {{convert|1.29|km2|abbr=on}} (2011)
| depth = {{convert|6.2|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| max-depth = {{convert|10.7|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| volume =
| residence_time =
| shore =
| elevation =
| frozen =
| islands =
| cities =
| reference = International Lake Environment Committee{{cite web | url = http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/asi/asi-47.html | title = Lower Lake | publisher = International Lake Environment Committee | accessdate = 2011-10-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120107141201/http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/asi/asi-47.html | archive-date = 2012-01-07 | url-status = dead }}
}}
The Lower Lake or Chhota Talaab is a lake in Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh state of India. Along with the Bhojtal or Upper Lake, it forms the Bhoj Wetland.
History
{{Location map
|India Bhopal
|label = Lower Lake
|position = left
|lat = 23.2501
|long = 77.406149
|caption = Location of Lower Lake in Bhopal
|width = 220
}}
The lake was built by creating in 1794 to beautify the city. The construction was commissioned by Chote Khan, a minister of Nawab Hayat Muhammad Khan Bahadur. A number of earlier wells were merged in this lake.
The lower lake is beside a bridge named 'Pul Pukhta'. The lower lake has also been mentioned as "Pukhta-Pul Talao" in literature.{{cite book | title = Historical Geography of Madhya Pradesh from Early Records | author = Pranab Kumar Bhattacharyya | publisher = Motilal Banarsidass | year = 1977 | isbn = 978-0-8426-9091-1 | page = 275 }}
Geography
The Lower Lake is located to the east of the Upper Lake. An earthen dam separates the two lakes. The two lakes are built in a terraced manner, the lowest level of the Upper Lake is just below the highest level of the Lower Lake.
The Lower Lake has an area (water spread) of 1.29 , and its catchment area is 9.6 km2. The lake receives subsurface seepage from the Upper Lake. In the 1850s, the maximum and minimum depths of the lake were 11.7 m and 6.16 m respectively.{{cite web | url = http://bhopal.nic.in/interest.htm#Bk9 | title = Places of Interest in Bhopal | publisher = Collectorate, Bhopal | accessdate = 2011-10-28 }} As of 2011, the maximum depth was 10.7m.
The Lower Lake does not have any fresh water source; it receives seepage water from the Upper Lake and drainage from 28 sewage-filled nullahs.{{cite book | author = Prashant S. Khirwadkar | chapter = Lake front planning for a sustainable lake | title = New trends in water and environmental engineering for safety and life |editor1=Ugo Maione |editor2=Beatrice Majone Lehto |editor3=Rossella Monti | edition = illustrated | publisher = Taylor & Francis | year = 2000 | isbn = 978-90-5809-138-3 }} It drains into the Patra rivulet, which joins Halali River, a small tributary of the Betwa River.
Pollution
The Lower Lake suffers from pollution due to drainage from sewage-filled nullahs, lack of fresh water source and commercial washing of clothes. The entire lake is eutrophic, and its water is not suitable for drinking.
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://wikimapia.org/1785337/CHHOTA-TALAB-The-Lower-Lake Lower Lake (Chhota Talab)] at wikimapia
{{City of Bhopal}}
Category:Lakes of Madhya Pradesh
Category:Tourist attractions in Bhopal