Lummelunda
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Lummelunda
|native_name = Lummelunda and Etebols{{cite web|title=Småorter 2010|url=http://www.scb.se/Statistik/MI/MI0811/2010A01/MI0811_2010A01_SM_MI38SM1203.pdf|website=www.scb.se|publisher=Statistiska Central Byrån|accessdate=7 June 2014}}
|image_skyline = Lummelunda (3).JPG
|image_caption = Lummelunda Church
|pushpin_map = Sweden Gotland
|pushpin_label_position =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = Sweden
|subdivision_type3 = Municipality
|subdivision_name3 = Gotland Municipality
|subdivision_type2 = County
|subdivision_name2 = Gotland County
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = Gotland
|area_total_km2 = 23.79
|population_as_of = 2014
|population_footnotes = {{cite web|title=Gotland i siffror 2015|trans-title=Gotland in numbers 2015|url=http://www.gotland.se/64224|website=www.gotland.se|publisher=Gotland Municipality|accessdate=25 May 2016}}
|population_total = 447
|population_density_km2 =
|timezone = CET
|utc_offset = +1
|timezone_DST = CEST
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|coordinates = {{coord|57|46|21.3|N|18|26|39.0|E|region:SE|display=inline,title}}
|website = {{url|http://lummelundaannorlunda.se/}}
}}
Lummelunda (sometimes referred to as Lummelunda and Etebols) is a populated area, a socken (not to be confused with parish), on the Swedish island of Gotland.The exact extent of the socken, now district, can be obtained by clicking on Kartinställningar and check the Socken box in the menu of [http://www.fmis.raa.se/cocoon/fornsok/search.html?parish=949&tab=2&page=1 this map] from the Swedish National Heritage Board database. It comprises the same area as the administrative Lummelunda District, established on 1{{nbsp}}January 2016.{{cite web|title=Förordning om district|trans-title=Regulation of districts|url=http://rkrattsdb.gov.se/SFSdoc/15/150493.PDF|date=17 June 2015|publisher=Ministry of Finance|accessdate=24 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930041909/http://rkrattsdb.gov.se/SFSdoc/15/150493.PDF|archive-date=30 September 2018|url-status=dead}}
Lummelunda is most noted for the Lummelunda Cave, one of the longest caves in Sweden, and the mill with the largest water wheel in northern Europe.
Geography
Lummelunda is on the northwest coast of Gotland with the Lummelunda stream to the south, approximately {{convert|17|km|abbr=on}} north of Visby. The land is mainly plains with high and steep, forested cliffs to the north. Lummeluda is a farming district.{{cite web|title=Lummelunda kyrka|url=http://www.guteinfo.com/?id=213|website=www.guteinfo.se|publisher=Guteinfo.se|accessdate=7 June 2014}} On the Lummelunda coast next to the local hostel is Nyhamn harbor and fishing village, dating back to the 17th centurtry.{{cite web |last1=Enderborg |first1=Bernt |title=Nyhamns fiskeläge |url=http://www.guteinfo.com/?id=2244 |website=www.guteinfo.com |publisher=Guteinfo |accessdate=13 January 2019}}
One of Sweden's longest caves, the Lummelunda Cave, is situated at Lummelunda. The cave is part of a nature reserve with the same name as the cave, Lummelundagrottan. The reserve, established in 1989, is {{convert|17|ha|lk=in|abbr=on}} and includes the cave and the ground above it.{{cite web|title=Bildande av naturresrevatet Lummelundagrotta i Lummelunda socken, Gotlands Kommun|url=http://www.lansstyrelsen.se/gotland/SiteCollectionDocuments/Sv/djur-och-natur/skyddad-natur/naturreservat/lummelundagrottan-beslut.pdf|website=www.lansstyrelsen.se|publisher=The County Administrative Boards of Gotland County|date=20 March 1989|language=Swedish|accessdate=18 June 2015}}
The Lummelunda Church is medieval.{{cite book|last1=Lagerlöf|first1=Erland|last2=Svahnström|first2=Gunnar|title=Gotlands kyrkor|trans-title=Gotland's Churches|language=Swedish|id={{LIBRIS|7232718}}|date=1973|publisher=Rabén & Sjögren|location=Stockholm|isbn=91-29-41035-5|pages=204–206}} {{As of|2019}}, Lummelunda Church belongs to Stenkyrka parish in Norra Gotlands pastorat, along with the churches in Stenkyrka, Martebo and Tingstäde.{{cite web |title=Församlingar på Gotland |url=https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/visbystift/f |website=www.svenskakyrkan.se |publisher=Church of Sweden |accessdate=11 January 2019}}{{cite web |title=Visby stifts indelning 2018 |url=https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?id=1714164 |website=www.svenskakyrkan.se |publisher=Church of Sweden |accessdate=11 January 2019}}
One of the asteroids in the asteroid belt, 10132 Lummelunda, is named after this settlement.{{cite web | url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=10132 | title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser | accessdate = 2008-05-04 | publisher = NASA}}
History
The name is probably from the vicarage, in 1350 known as Lomalunda. The meaning of the first part of the name is unknown, the second part lund means "grove", can have been intended for a sacred grove.{{cite book|last=Wahlberg|first=Mats|title=Svenskt ortnamnslexikon. Uppsala: Institutet för språk och folkminnen|date=2003|publisher=Wahlström & Widstrand|location=Stockholm|isbn=91-7229-020-X|url=http://libris.kb.se/bib/8998039}}
A couple of graves from the Stone Age has been found at Lummelunda, as well as fifteen grave fields from the Iron Age and ground grooves on both boulders and slabs.{{cite book|editor=Sjögren, Otto|title=Sverige: geografisk beskrivning. D. 2, Östergötlands, Jönköpings, Kronobergs, Kalmar och Gotlands län|date=1931|publisher=Wahlström & Widstrand|location=Stockholm|url=http://libris.kb.se/bib/9939|language=Swedish|accessdate=7 June 2014}}{{cite web|title=Lummelunda, sökresultat|url=http://www.fmis.raa.se/cocoon/fornsok/search.html?parish=949&tab=2&page=1|website=www.fmis.raa.se|publisher=Riksantikvarieämbetet|accessdate=7 June 2014}}{{cite web|title=Lummelunda socken|url=http://mis.historiska.se/mis/sok/socken.asp?snkod=0949|website=www.historiska.se|publisher=Historiska museet|accessdate=7 June 2014}}
During the use of the Swedish allotment system, the boatswains of Lummelunda were part of the 1st Gotlandic Boatswain Company.{{cite journal|title=1:a Gotlands båtsmanskompani 09|journal=Riksarkivet|volume=Nationell Arkivdatabas|url=http://sok.riksarkivet.se/topografier?ValdSortering=Relevans&Ort=Lummelunda&Typ=Alla&page=2&postid=Arkis+6831f531-3bc8-4195-baf5-af88508d1ba3&tab=post&s=TARKIS08_Balder|accessdate=7 June 2014}}{{cite web|last1=Högman |first1=Hans |title=Svenska regementen under indelningsverket |url=http://www.algonet.se/~hogman/regementen_flo.htm#Gotlands |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224183935/http://www.algonet.se/~hogman/regementen_flo.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 December 2012 |website=www.algonet.se |publisher=Hans Högmans Släktforskning |accessdate=7 June 2014 }}
= Mills =
The water in the Lummelunda stream has been used for industry since the Middle Ages. Three mills are named, the Topmost (Översta kvarn), the Middle (Mellersta kvarn) and the Lowest (Nedersta kvarn). The water wheels were used for grinding grains, saw mills and textile mills for manufacturing wadmal. The height of the industry at Lummelunda was during the 17th century, when ironworks at the stream processed iron ore shipped from Utö in the Stockholm archipelago. {{As of|2015}}, only the Topmost Mill remains. It has the largest water wheel in northern Europe. The adjacent Lummelund Manor was built in the 1805.{{cite web|last1=Enderborg|first1=Bernt|title=Lummelunds Bruk|url=http://www.guteinfo.com/?id=1207|website=www.guteinfo.com|publisher=Guteinfo|accessdate=18 June 2015}}{{cite book|last1=Lundberg|first1=Erik B.|title=Lummelunds bruk: anteckningar om de gotländska järnbruken|date=1939|publisher=Jernkontoret|location=Stockholm|series=Jernkontorets bergshistoriska skriftserie, 0347-4283 ; 8|url=http://libris.kb.se/bib/420056}}
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
{{Commons category|Lummelunda}}
- [http://digitaltmuseum.se/search?query=Lummelunda%20socken%20gotlands Objects from Lummelunda at the Digital Museum] by Nordic Museum
{{Gotland County}}
{{Authority control}}