Lunda language

{{Short description|Bantu language spoken in Central and Southern Africa}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Lunda

|nativename=Chilunda

|states=Zambia, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo

|region=

|ethnicity=Lunda people

|speakers={{sigfig|600,000|2}} in Zambia and Angola 800.000

|speakers2= 1.1 milion in Congo

|date=2001–2023

|ref=e18

|familycolor=Niger-Congo

|fam2=Atlantic–Congo

|fam3=Volta-Congo

|fam4=Benue–Congo

|fam5=Bantoid

|fam6=Southern Bantoid

|fam7=Bantu (Zone L)

|fam8=Lunda languages (L.50)

|minority=Zambia

|script=Latin (Lunda alphabet)
Lunda Braille

|iso2=lun

|iso3=lun

|glotto=lund1266

|glottorefname=Lunda

|guthrie=L.52

}}

Lunda, also known as Chilunda, is a Bantu language spoken in Zambia, Angola, and, to a lesser extent, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Lunda and its dialects are spoken and understood by perhaps 8.6% of Zambians (1986 estimate), and the language is used mainly in the Northwestern province of Zambia. The majority of the Lunda can be found in DRC, especially Katanga Province, as well as in Angola. A small number of Lunda dialects are represented in Namibia.

Phonology

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

Close

|{{IPAlink|i}} {{IPAlink|iː}}

|

|{{IPAlink|u}} {{IPAlink|uː}}

Mid

|{{IPAlink|e}} {{IPAlink|eː}}

|

|{{IPAlink|o}} {{IPAlink|oː}}

Open

|

|{{IPAlink|a}} {{IPAlink|aː}}

|

Vowel length is contrastive.

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"

! colspan="2" |

!Labial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Glottal

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPAlink|m}}

|{{IPAlink|n}}

|{{IPAlink|ɲ}}

|{{IPAlink|ŋ}}

|

rowspan="2" |Plosive/
Affricate

!voiceless

|{{IPAlink|p}}

|{{IPAlink|t}}

|{{IPAlink|tʃ}}

|{{IPAlink|k}}

|

voiced

|{{IPAlink|b}}

|{{IPAlink|d}}

|{{IPAlink|dʒ}}

|{{IPAlink|ɡ}}

|

rowspan="2" |Fricative

!voiceless

|{{IPAlink|f}}

|{{IPAlink|s}}

|{{IPAlink|ʃ}}

|

|{{IPAlink|h}}

voiced

|{{IPAlink|v}}

|{{IPAlink|z}}

|{{IPAlink|ʒ}}

|

|

colspan="2" |Approximant

|{{IPAlink|w}}

|{{IPAlink|l}}

|{{IPAlink|j}}

|

|

/w/ may also be heard as a bilabial glide {{IPAblink|β̞}}.{{Cite book |last=Kawasha |first=Boniface Kaumba |title=Lunda Grammar: A Morphosyntactic and Semantic Analysis |publisher=Eugene: University of Oregon |year=2003}}

References

{{Reflist}}