Lymantria mathura

{{Short description|Species of moth}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Rosy gypsy moth

| image = Lymantria mathura aurora (14950074940).jpg

| image_caption = Lymantria mathura aurora

| genus = Lymantria

| species = mathura

| authority = Moore, 1866

| synonyms =

• Porthetria mathura
• Ocneria mathura
• Lymantria aurora Butler, 1877
• Lymantria fusca Leech, 1888
• Lymantria umbrina Moore, 1879
• Lymantria mathura aurora

}}

Lymantria mathura, the rosy gypsy moth, is a species of moth of the family Erebidae found in the Russian Far East, Nepal, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu), the Korean Peninsula, northern India and China (at least Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin also in the west). The species was first described by Frederic Moore in 1866.

The wingspan is 40–50 mm for males and 70–90 mm for females. Larvae disperse through ballooning, covering greater distances compared to the Lymantria dispar and exhibiting high rates of settling.{{Cite journal |last1=Zlotina |first1=Marina A. |last2=Mastro |first2=Victor C. |last3=Elkinton |first3=Joseph S. |last4=Leonard |first4=David E. |date=1999-04-01 |title=Dispersal Tendencies of Neonate Larvae ofLymantria mathuraand the Asian Form ofLymantria dispar(Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/28.2.240 |journal=Environmental Entomology |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=240–245 |doi=10.1093/ee/28.2.240 |issn=0046-225X}} Larvae have also been recorded feeding on Terminalia, Shorea, Quercus, Mangifera, Eugenia and Mitragyna. It is considered a pest, since it is a major defoliator of deciduous trees. Their larvae exhibit intraspecific variation to polyphenol metabolism depending on their host plant, allowing them to be polyphagous across multiple broadleaf species.{{Cite journal |last1=Volf |first1=Martin |last2=Fontanilla |first2=Alyssa M. |last3=Vanhakylä |first3=Suvi |last4=Abe |first4=Tomokazu |last5=Libra |first5=Martin |last6=Kogo |first6=Ryosuke |last7=Lilip |first7=Roll |last8=Kamata |first8=Naoto |last9=Murakami |first9=Masashi |last10=Novotny |first10=Vojtech |last11=Salminen |first11=Juha-Pekka |last12=Segar |first12=Simon T. |date=February 2024 |title=High intraspecific variability and previous experience affect polyphenol metabolism in polyphagous Lymantria mathura caterpillars |journal=Ecology and Evolution |language=en |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=e10973 |doi=10.1002/ece3.10973 |issn=2045-7758 |pmc=10857923 |pmid=38343568|bibcode=2024EcoEv..1410973V }}