Lyngbya majuscula
{{Short description|Species of bacterium}}
{{Speciesbox
| genus = Lyngbya
| species = majuscula
| authority = Harvey ex Gomont
|image=Lyngbya majuscula.jpg
|image_alt=Lyngbya majuscula at Réunion
|image_caption=Lyngbya majuscula at Réunion
}}
Lyngbya majuscula is a species of filamentous cyanobacteria in the genus Lyngbya. It is named after the Dane Hans Christian Lyngbye.
As a result of recent genetic analyses, several new genera were erected from the genus Lyngbya: e.g., Moorea,{{cite journal|last1=Engene|first1=N.|last2=Rottacker|first2=E. C.|last3=Kastovsky|first3=J.|last4=Byrum|first4=T.|last5=Choi|first5=H.|last6=Ellisman|first6=M. H.|last7=Komarek|first7=J.|last8=Gerwick|first8=W. H.|title=Moorea producens gen. nov., sp. nov. and Moorea bouillonii comb. nov., tropical marine cyanobacteria rich in bioactive secondary metabolites|journal= Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.|volume=62|issue=Pt 5|year=2011|pages=1171–1178|doi=10.1099/ijs.0.033761-0|pmid=21724952|pmc=3542135}} Limnoraphis,{{cite journal|last1=Komarek|first1=Jiri|last2=Zapomelova|first2=Eliska|last3=Smarda|first3=Jan|last4=Kopecky|first4=Jiri|last5=Rejmankova|first5=Eliska|last6=Woodhouse|first6=Jason|last7=Neilan|first7=Brett A.|last8=Komarkova|first8=Jaroslava|title=Polyphasic evaluation of Limnoraphis robusta, a water-bloom forming cyanobacterium from Lake Atitlan, Guatemala, with a description of Limnoraphis gen. nov.|journal=Fottea|volume=13|issue=1|year=2013|pages=39–52|doi=10.5507/fot.2013.004|doi-access=free}} Okeania,{{cite journal|last1=Engene|first1=Niclas|last2=Paul|first2=Valerie J.|last3=Byrum|first3=Tara|last4=Gerwick|first4=William H.|last5=Thor|first5=Andrea|last6=Ellisman|first6=Mark H.|last7=De Clerck|first7=O.|title=Five chemically rich species of tropical marine cyanobacteria of the genus Okeania gen. nov. (Oscillatoriales, Cyanoprokaryota)|journal=J. Phycol.|volume=49|issue=6|year=2013|pages=1095–1106|pmid= 27007630 |doi=10.1111/jpy.12115|s2cid=35379310}} Microseira,{{cite journal|last1=McGregor|first1=Glenn B.|last2=Sendall|first2=Barbara C.|last3=Lindell|first3=D.|title=Phylogeny and toxicology ofLyngbya wollei(Cyanobacteria, Oscillatoriales) from north-eastern Australia, with a description ofMicroseiragen. nov.|journal=J. Phycol.|volume=51|issue=1|year=2015|pages=109–119|doi=10.1111/jpy.12256|pmid=26986262|s2cid=206147172}} and Dapis.{{cite journal|last1=Engene|first1=Niclas|last2=Tronholm|first2=Ana|last3=Paul|first3=Valerie J.|last4=De Clerck|first4=O.|title=Uncovering cryptic diversity of Lyngbya: the new tropical marine cyanobacterial genus Dapis (Oscillatoriales)|journal=J. Phycol.|volume=54|issue=4|year=2018|pages=435–446|doi=10.1111/jpy.12752|pmid=29791035|doi-access=free}} Several specimens identified as L. majuscula and collected in marine tropical regions are now classified as members of the genera Okeania and Moorea.
L. majuscula is the cause of seaweed dermatitis.{{cite book |author1=James, William D. |author2=Berger, Timothy G. |title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology |publisher=Saunders Elsevier |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6 |display-authors=etal}}
Chemical constituents
Almost 300 different secondary metabolites have been isolated from specimens identified as L. majuscula.Blunt, J. W. & Munro, M. H. G. 2017. Marinlit Database. Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand. Available at: http://pubs.rsc.org/marinlit/ (last accessed 24 May 2017). However, most of these studies lack a molecular identification of the samples. The toxins antillatoxin and kalkitoxin{{cite journal|last1=Osborne|first1=Nicholas J.T.|last2=Webb|first2=Penny M.|last3=Shaw|first3=Glen R.|title=The toxins of Lyngbya majuscula and their human and ecological health effects|journal=Environment International|date=November 2001|volume=27|issue=5|pages=381–392|doi=10.1016/S0160-4120(01)00098-8|pmid=11757852}} and the lipopeptide dragomabin{{cite journal|last1=McPhail|first1=Kerry L.|last2=Correa|first2=Jhonny|last3=Linington|first3=Roger G.|last4=González|first4=José|last5=Ortega-Barría|first5=Eduardo|last6=Capson|first6=Todd L.|last7=Gerwick|first7=William H.|title=Antimalarial Linear Lipopeptides from a Panamanian Strain of the Marine Cyanobacterium|journal=Journal of Natural Products|date=June 2007|volume=70|issue=6|pages=984–988|doi=10.1021/np0700772|pmid=17441769|pmc=2745555}} have been isolated from L. majuscula. Serinolamide A is a cannabinoid structurally related to anandamide that has been found to occur in Lyngbya majuscula.{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/np200610t | title=Cannabinomimetic Lipid from a Marine Cyanobacterium | year=2011 | last1=Gutiérrez | first1=Marcelino | last2=Pereira | first2=Alban R. | last3=Debonsi | first3=Hosana M. | last4=Ligresti | first4=Alessia | last5=Di Marzo | first5=Vincenzo | last6=Gerwick | first6=William H. | journal=Journal of Natural Products | volume=74 | issue=10 | pages=2313–2317 | pmid=21999614 | pmc=3325759 }}