M47 Patton#Variants

Although a new power plant corrected the mobility and reliability problems of the M26 Pershing, the subsequently renamed M46 was considered a stopgap solution that would be replaced later by the T42 medium tank. However, after fighting erupted in Korea, the Army decided that it needed the new tank earlier than planned. It was deemed that there was not enough time to finish the development of the T42. The final decision was to produce another interim solution, with the turret of the T42 mounted on the existing M46 hull. Although this interim tank was itself technically immature, Army officials felt the improvements over the M46 in firepower and armor were worth the risk. The composite tank, developed by the Detroit Arsenal, was named the M47 Patton.

In December 1950 the Army awarded a $100 million contract to the American Locomotive Company for the production of 500 tanks.{{cite news |title=500 Medium Tanks Ordered By Army |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1950/12/07/archives/500-medium-tanks-ordered-by-army.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=Universal Press |date=6 December 1950}} It entered production in 1951. Its main gun was the M36 (T119E1) 90 mm gun with an M12 optical rangefinder fitted, which was developed as a more powerful version of the earlier 90 mm guns and were backwards-compatible with their ammunition (but not vice versa, the new cartridge case does not chamber in the weaker guns). The secondary armament consisted of two .30 cal Browning machine guns, one in the bow and one coaxial with the 90mm main gun in the turret, and a .50 caliber Browning M2 on a pintle mount on the turret roof. The M47 was the last American-designed tank to include a bow machine gun. The T42 turret had a larger turret ring than the M26/M46 turret, and featured a needle-nose design, which improved armor protection of the turret front, an elongated turret bustle and storage bin which protruded halfway across the engine deck, and sloped sides to further improve ballistic protection; this gave the turret a decidedly lozenge-shaped profile. It also featured the M12 stereoscopic rangefinder, which was designed to improve first-round hit probability but proved difficult to use; the rangefinder protruded from both sides of the upper turret front, which would be a feature of American tanks until the advent of the M1 Abrams in 1980.{{rp|pages=41–45}}

Production at American Locomotive began in July 1951.{{cite news |title=Production Line Is Shown |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/04/17/archives/production-line-is-shown.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=16 April 1951}} Logistical and technical issues plagued production almost from the start.

Truman administration policy sought to strengthen American arms makers' resilience to aerial attack by encouraging more decentralized weapons production – away from Detroit. The U.S. curtailed civilian automotive production to boost military production with the onset of the Korean War. As a result, Detroit's newly unemployed automotive workers found little work, while tank manufacturers outside Michigan lacked skilled workers. Truman's policy also counted on civilian factories being able to quickly transition to war-time production. However, many factories lacked needed tank production machinery, done away with during World War II demobilization.{{cite news |last1=Abel |first1=Elie |title=Tank Output Lags 6 Months; 2 New Types Unacceptable |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/01/07/archives/tank-output-lags-6-months-2-new-types-unacceptable-tank-output-lags.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=6 January 1951}}

A faulty Ordnance Corps-designed hydraulic turret-control mechanism, shared by the M41 Walker Bulldog, kept the tanks from Korea while engineers worked on a fix. Engineers improved production quality controls of the hydraulics by April 1952, and set about correcting M47s sidelined in storage. By then Army officials had scrapped plans to send the tanks to Korea, in favor of providing them to troops stationed in Europe and at home.{{cite news |last1=Abel |first1=Elie |title=Army Wins Gamble With Medium Tank; Accepts 48-ton M-47 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/04/17/archives/army-wins-gamble-with-medium-tank-accepts-48ton-m47-shows-its-worth.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=17 April 1952}}

The first M47s were not fielded to the 1st and 2nd Armored Divisions until summer 1952. Standardized in May 1952, the M47 Patton's production ran until November 1953; Detroit built 5,481 tanks, and American Locomotive Company (Alco) produced 3,095, for a total production run of 8,576 M47 Pattons.{{rp|page=41}}

File:West German Bundeswehr 1960.jpg

File:M47 Patton San Diego.jpg

File:M47 Patton Fort Meade.jpg

After the U.S. Army in Germany was equipped with the M47, the first M47s delivered under the Mutual Security Agency program were delivered to Portugal in 1952. In October the agency announced that NATO member nations had agreed to adopt the British Centurion main battle tank and the M47 as standard.{{cite news |last1=Sulzberger |first1=C. L. |title=Many NATO Arms Are Standardized |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/10/12/archives/many-nato-arms-are-standardized-some-u-s-guns-centurion-tank-of.html |work=The New York Times |date=12 October 1952}} By October the at Camp Drum in July, the New Jersey Army National Guard was the first reserve force to train with the tank.{{cite news |title=Camp Drum Receives M-47 Medium Tanks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/07/10/archives/camp-drum-receives-m47-medium-tanks.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=9 July 1952}}

The Marine Corps also fielded M47s starting in late 1952; after the Korean War, all seven Marine tank battalions, three divisional, two reserve training, and two force level, each fielded M47s. But these were soon replaced with M48A1 Pattons and M103 heavy tanks, with the last M47s being retired in 1959.George F. Hofmann and Donn A. Starry "Camp Colt to Desert Storm: The History of U.S. Armored Forces" {{ISBN|0-8131-2130-2}} p. 281.

American Locomotive production was halted in October when the company's ordnance and locomotive divisions went on strike. Production resumed in February when union leaders agreed to a pay raise.{{cite news |title=Union Accepts Pay Raise |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/02/28/archives/union-accepts-pay-rise-but-american-locomotive-local-tacks-on-two.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=Universal Press |date=27 February 1953}} In December 1952 the Defense Department ordered cutbacks to M47 and M48 tank production.{{cite news |title='Stretch Out' Cuts Tank, Truck Output |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/12/10/archives/stretchout-cuts-tank-truck-output-slashes-to-start-in-few-months.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=9 December 1952}} In November 1953 American Locomotive halted production of the M47 after operators found drive gear defects in Europe.{{cite news |title=Faults Halt Work on Army M-47 Tank |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/11/22/archives/faults-halt-work-on-army-m47-tank-american-locomotive-co-acts-after.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=Associated Press |date=21 November 1953}} Army officials quickly acknowledged the issue arose from their own expedient decision to use lower grades of steel to circumvent wartime shortages.{{cite news |title=Tank Gear Failure Explained By Army |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/11/24/archives/tank-gear-failure-explained-by-army.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=23 November 1953}} Chrysler laid off about 1000 workers at Detroit Tank Arsenal when it wrapped up production in November.{{cite news |title=Chrysler To Drop 1000; Slash Due This Month As Army Tank Contract Ends |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/11/03/archives/chrysler-to-drop-1000-slash-due-this-month-as-army-tank-contract.html |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=3 November 1953}} American Locomotive resumed production in November.{{cite news |title=Tank Output To Resume; Mechanical Trouble Had Halted Production at Schenectady |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/11/27/archives/tank-output-to-resume-mechanical-trouble-had-halted-production-at.html |access-date=20 September 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |agency=Universal Press |date=26 November 1953}} The company closed its tank division in June 1954.{{cite news |title=Production Scope Widened by ALCO |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/12/28/archives/production-scope-widened-by-alco-american-locomotive-enters-55-with.html |access-date=20 September 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=28 December 1954}}

With the arrival of the improved M48 Patton in 1953, the M47 was declared "limited standard" in 1955, and examples in tank units were replaced with the M48 series before long.{{rp|page=47}} After being declared obsolete in 1957, M46s and M47s were retained in active duty infantry division battlegroup assault gun platoons (four tanks each, one platoon per battlegroup, for a total of 20 tanks per division) until replaced with the light truck-mounted SS-10 anti-tank guided missile in the early 1960s.{{ cite book | publisher= Department of the Army| title= Field Manual FM 7-21 |department=Headquarters and Headquarters Company Infantry Division Battle Group | date = 8 August 1957 | pages =185, 205}} M47s were used by the Reserves for a relatively short time, soon being replaced by early production M48 Patton series tanks; thus, most of the M47s were exported in the late 1950s.{{rp|page=47}}{{rp|pages=6,12–38,44–45}}

Out of the 8,576 M47s built, 8,552 (99.7 percent) were transferred to other countries through the Major Defense Acquisition Program (MDAP) during the 1950s, forming the backbone of the NATO tank force for nearly 15 years.{{sfn|Zaloga|2024|page=61}}

File:Srednji tank M47 Patton.JPG M47 Patton - Pivka]]

The M47 was widely used by many countries, especially NATO and SEATO allies, including Austria (147), Belgium (784), Ethiopia (30), France (856), Greece (396), Portugal (161),{{cite book |publisher=Hellenic Army General Staff / Training Directorate | trans-title = History of Cavalry and Tank Corps |script-title=el:Ιστορία Ιππικού Τεθωρακισμένων | location = Athens | date = 1995 | pages=A9-A13, 58 | quote = ...beginning in 1992 the Greek army scrapped 391 M47 as part of the CFE agreement}} from USA and West Germany), Iran (around 400), Italy (2,480), Japan (1 for evaluation only), Jordan (49), Pakistan (100), Portugal (161), Saudi Arabia (23 from the US, 108 on the international market), Somalia (25 from Saudi Arabia), South Korea (531), Sudan (17 from Saudi Arabia), Spain (389), Switzerland (2 for evaluation), Turkey (1,347 from the US and West Germany), West Germany (1,120), and Yugoslavia (319). Like the US Army of the time, the West German Bundeswehr also used the M47 in a tank destroyer role until replacing them with the Kanonenjagdpanzer in 1966.{{cite book | last1=Blume |first1=Peter |title=Tank Destroyers Gun/Missile of the Modern German Army| publisher=Tankograd Publishing | date=2007 | page=57 | language = de}}

U.S. Army M47s remaining in storage were expended as targets.{{sfn|Eckles|1984|page=8}}

File:Ruined tank in Hargeisa, Somaliland.jpg, left behind wrecked from the Somaliland War of Independence]]

• Near the end of the Korean war, some M47s were deployed for field testing. Some of these had 18-inch searchlights.{{rp|page=63}}
• France deployed a squadron of its M47s against Egypt during the Suez Crisis in 1956.{{sfn|Zaloga|2024|page=148}}
• Pakistan fielded M47s against India in both the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
• Jordan used M47s against Israel in the Six-Day War in 1967. The Israelis regarded the Jordanians as the best enemy tankers during the conflict. Jordan lost a total of 131 M47 and M48 tanks.{{sfn|Zaloga|2024|page=148}}
• The M47 was used by the Turkish Army in the Turkish invasion of Cyprus between July and August 1974, with an estimated 200 Patton tanks involved in the combat action. At least one operational M47, Serial Number 092273, was captured by the Cyprus National Guard and remained in their service until 1993. This example is currently stored at the camp of the 25 ΕΜΑ in Paphos for use as a training and a war-memorial exhibit.The Action of the Captured M47 in Attila II in The Unknown Soldier of Cyprus (Savvas Vlassis) 1997
• During Ogaden War the Somalis used T-54 and T-55 tanks to defeat Ethiopian M41 and M47 tanks."The somalis used T-54 and T-55 tanks to defeat Ethiopian M41 and M47 tanks'. Soviet T-55 Main Battle Tank. James Kinnear, Stephen Sewell. Bloomsbury Publishing, 19 сент. 2019. P.142
• Iran sent their M47s to fight against Iraq in the Iran–Iraq War between 1980 and 1988. Iranian M47s were roughly equivalent to the T-54s but not as good as the T-55s, performed very poorly against much-superior Iraqi tanks such as the T-62s and T-72s. Large numbers of M47 Patton tanks fell into Iraqi capture by the end of the war.{{cite web|url=http://warfiles.ru/show-53302-amerikanskiy-tank-50-h-godov-poluchil-shans-na-novuyu-zhizn.html|title=Американский танк 50-х годов получил шанс на новую жизнь|publisher=warfiles.ru|access-date=13 February 2015}}
• The M47 saw small scale use during the Somali Civil War.{{sfn|Zaloga|2024|page=148}}
• In the 1980s and up to the early 1990s, the Turkish Army used M47 tanks against PKK guerrillas within Turkey and neighbouring Iraq. Turkish M48A5 variants replaced all remaining M47s by the late 1990s.
• Croatia used M47s against their Serbian enemies in the Croatian War of Independence but their performance was regarded as inferior to that of the Soviet-designed T-55. The M47s were retired from service immediately after the war and are now used as gunnery/missile live-firing targets during military exercises.

File:Museo de Unidades Acorazadas de El Goloso (8615996063).jpg

File:M47E2-Patton-latrun-1.jpg]]

File:Sabalan tank during Iranian Army Ground Forces new equipment ceremony 2014 (2).jpg

File:M47105 1.jpg

• M46E1 – pilot model, M46 hull with T42 turret, fitted with the M36 90 mm Gun, and was longer to incorporate a radio, ventilator, and featured a stereoscopic rangefinder; only one built{{rp|pages=41,43}}
• M47 – main production version, M46 hull modified with redesigned glacis, reduction from five to three track return rollers per side, longer mufflers on rear fenders; 8,576 built{{rp|page=41}}
• M47E1 (U.S.) – American designation for M47 tanks modified to use the fire control system of the British Centurion main battle tank, complete with its gun stabilizer system. It was rated highly by crews in comparative evaluation with other American vehicles of the period,{{Cite web |last1=Eckles |first1=Andrew J. III |last2=Schmitz |first2=Melvin A. |last3=Willard |first3=Norman Jr. |date=June 1957 |title=Studies Made by Human Research Unit Nr 1, CONARC During Project STALK |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0134519.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630215432/https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0134519.pdf |archive-date=June 30, 2022 |access-date=June 30, 2022 |website=dtic.mil}} but was not adopted due to the M47 reaching the end of its production life; up to 20 built{{r|2015_Hunnicutt|page=72}}
• M47M – The product of an improvement program started in the late 1960s, the M47M featured the engine and fire control elements from the M60A1. The assistant driver's position was eliminated in favor of additional 90 mm ammunition. Not used by the US; over 800 vehicles were produced for Iran and Pakistan{{rp|pages=41,43,45}} All tanks were upgraded in a plant set up in Masjed Soleyman with US aid in the 1960s; following the Iranian revolution, plans of upgrading Jordanian M47 and M48 tanks were cancelled.{{sfn|Zaloga|2024|page=148}}
• M47E – Spanish M47M austere version (kept original FCS).
• M47E1 (Spain) – Second Spanish upgrade batch with rearranged main gun ammunition storage and crew heater. Both new and upgraded M47Es. 330 converted.
• M47E2 – 45 built. M47E1 with Rh-105 105 mm gun and improved FCS (still electromechanical). Passive night vision for driver and commander. All M47 series MBT in Spanish service retired 1993.
• M47ER3 – Spanish armored recovery vehicle. 22 built.
• Sabalan – Iranian upgraded version of the US M47M, It has side skirts and a newly built turret fitted with a 105 mm gun, laser range finder, new fire control system and communication equipment.{{Cite web|url=http://www.military-today.com/tanks/sabalan.htm|title=Sabalan - Main battle tank|last=ARG|access-date=4 April 2018|archive-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430034552if_/http://www.military-today.com/tanks/sabalan.htm|url-status=usurped}}{{cite web|url=http://www.mashreghnews.ir/fa/news/303021/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%BE%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D8%B2-60-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%B9%DA%A9%D8%B3|title=بازگشت مقتدرانه قدیمی‌ترین تانک ایرانی پس از 60 سال +عکس|date=23 April 2014 |access-date=13 February 2015}} Never used in active service.{{cite web |last1= Nadimi |first1= Farzin| url=http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/iran-may-be-renewing-its-interest-in-armored-warfare | title = Iran May Be Renewing Its Interest in Armored Warfare | date = 2017-03-27 |publisher = The Washington Institute for Near East Policy | access-date = 2020-03-05}}
• Tiam – Iranian variant of the Sabalan fitted with Type 59 tank turret, new fire control system, new communication equipment, composite and reactive armor.{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/iran-unveils-new-main-battle-tank-2016-4|title=Iran unveils new main battle tank made from US and Chinese designs from the 1960s|website=Business Insider}}

Additional equipment

• M6 – Earth Moving Tank Mounting Bulldozer. Bulldozer kit for the M47 series.
• Unknown name - Switching 90mm M36 to 90mm M41 which used by M48 Patton III.
• M47 with 105 mm (France) – French upgrade with 105 mm CN 105 F1 gun, extra ammunition storage by removing assistant driver position, and infrared spotlight.{{r|2015_Hunnicutt|page=75}}
• M47 with 105 mm (Italy) – Italian upgrade with OTO Melara 105 mm L/52 gun, new fire control systems, and new AVDS-1790-2A diesel engine.{{cite web|url=https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/m47-patton-in-italian-service/|title=M47 Patton in Italian Service|date=23 August 2020|access-date=31 July 2022}}

• {{flag|Iran}} − In 1994, it was estimated that Iran had 100 M47 tanks (upgraded to the M47M standard) out of 400 originally delivered.{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}} 148 M47 and M48 as of 2024{{sfn|IISS|2024|pages=352−353}}

File:M47 Patton II - Dresden.jpg

File:m47dwg.jpg

• {{flag|Austria}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}}
• {{flag|Belgium}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}}
• {{flag|Croatia}} – Around 20 were used during the Croatian War of Independence{{cite web |last1=McCalister |first1=Lucy |title=The History of the M47 |url=https://tankmuseum.org/article/history-of-the-m47 |website=The Tank Museum |access-date=24 November 2024 |date=27 June 2024}}
• {{flag|Ethiopia|1975}} – Approximately 30 acquired second-hand from Yugoslavia in 1977,{{cite web

| url = https://armstransfers.sipri.org/ArmsTransfer/TransferData/transferDetail?entityId=269580

| title = Arms Transfers Database: Transfer data; Yugoslavia to Ethiopia, delivered 1977

| author =

| date =

| website = SIPRI Arms Transfers Database

| publisher = Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

| type = Searchable database

| at = Recipient ETH, weapon category Armoured vehicles, designation contains M-4

| access-date = 17 June 2024

}} without the US permission{{sfn|Bradsher|1977|page=11}}

• {{flag|France}} – 856 (1954–1970) One of the tanks was converted with the 105mm gun developed for the AMX-30, including modifications to the gun breech assembly and ammunition racks.{{rp|page=75}}
• {{flag|West Germany}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}}
• {{flag|Greece|1970}} – 350 in 1994{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}
• {{flag|Iraq|1963}} – Prior to the Gulf War, Iraq had a handful of M47s captured from Iran{{sfn|Hogg|1991|page=38}}
• {{flag|Italy}} – 300 were in reserve in 1994{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}
• {{flag|Jordan}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}} – Acquired about 50 from the United States in the mid-1960s, as well as 60 captured Iranian M47s and M48s from Iraq in 1988.{{cite web

| url = https://armstransfers.sipri.org/ArmsTransfer/TransferData/transferDetail?entityId=276270

| title = Arms Transfers Database: Transfer data; USA to Jordan, ordered 1964

| author =

| date =

| website = SIPRI Arms Transfers Database

| publisher = Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

| type = Searchable database

| access-date = 17 June 2024

}}{{cite web

| url = https://armstransfers.sipri.org/ArmsTransfer/TransferData/transferDetail?entityId=240958

| title = Arms Transfers Database: Transfer data; Iraq to Jordan, ordered 1988

| author =

| date =

| website = SIPRI Arms Transfers Database

| publisher = Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

| type = Searchable database

| access-date = 17 June 2024

| quote = Second-hand (captured by Iraq from Iran and given to Jordan); incl some M-48A5 tanks

}}

• {{flag|Pakistan}} – 150 in 1994, rebuilt to the M47M standard{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}

• {{flag|Portugal}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}}
• {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}}
• {{flag|Somalia}} – 100, no longer operational by 1994{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}
• {{flag|South Korea|1949}} – 300 in 1994{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}
• {{flag|Spain}} – 375 in 1994, scrapped{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}
• {{flag|Taiwan}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}}
• {{flag|Turkey}} – 767 were in reserve in 1994{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}
• {{flag|United States|1912}} − Phased out by the late 1950s{{sfn|Zaloga|2024|page=61}}
• {{flag|FR Yugoslavia}} − 60 in 1994{{sfn|Foss|1994|page=140}}
• {{flag|Yugoslavia}}{{sfn|Foss|1979|page=89}}

• {{flag|Japan|1870}} – One M47 was provided for evaluation, and used as reference for the STA (Type 61 tank prototype) development. After being used for comparison with prototype vehicles of STA and technical analysis, it was disposed of. This tank was not scrapped, and is kept in a private collection (not open to the public as of 2021).[http://shachonokobeya.blog71.fc2.com/blog-entry-186.html {{lang|ja|カマド「社長の小部屋」web版,2010-08「中田商店コレクション」}}](k-m-d Co., Ltd.owner's blog|2010-08|"Nakata-shouten's Collection")accessdate:2021-08-25

• {{flagu|United States}} – 1 former Austrian Army M47 owned by Arnold Schwarzenegger. He previously operated the vehicle (331) during his mandatory service in 1965, which he later obtained in 1992 and now uses to support his charity.{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2013 |title=Arnold Schwarzenegger takes his own personal tank out for a spin |url=https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/bp/arnold-schwarzenegger-takes-own-personal-tank-spin-000359471.html?guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAALoKyAD8BfAszlUAjxNz_uk2llg7ejHjx-wQ89VcnbTIeM53qfabjtlwM8rkuhFeUN2dnZLXkxfJvpk5qh8d9mqvI4VmbJc7YQVcOUMV1kNVY7LyXl0Q7YN6Jr_-UAWC8lkqZROH4JdW_axEr9P-s7jBKa2Ctrd4epa-aMwZZg-4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726101112/https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/bp/arnold-schwarzenegger-takes-own-personal-tank-spin-000359471.html?guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnLw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAALoKyAD8BfAszlUAjxNz_uk2llg7ejHjx-wQ89VcnbTIeM53qfabjtlwM8rkuhFeUN2dnZLXkxfJvpk5qh8d9mqvI4VmbJc7YQVcOUMV1kNVY7LyXl0Q7YN6Jr_-UAWC8lkqZROH4JdW_axEr9P-s7jBKa2Ctrd4epa-aMwZZg-4 |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |access-date=May 4, 2025 |website=yahoo!}}

• Centurion – British Tank
• T-54 – Soviet tank
• Type 61 – Japanese tank
• Panzer 58 – Swiss tank
• M26 Pershing
• M46 Patton
• M48 Patton
• M60 Patton
• List of armoured fighting vehicles
• M103 (heavy tank)
• G-numbers SNL G262

{{Reflist|group=note}}

{{Reflist|30em|refs=

{{cite book | last1 = Hunnicutt | first1 = R. P. | author-link = R. P. Hunnicutt | date = 2015-05-29 | title = Patton: A History of the American Main Battle Tank | language = en | publisher = Echo Point Books & Media | isbn = 978-1-62654-159-7 | lccn = 84016586 | ol = OL2854160M | ref = 2015_Hunnicutt}}

{{cite book | author = | date = 1953 | title = TM 9-2800. Military Vehicles. (Ordnance Corps Responsibility) | language = en-us | publisher = United States Government Publishing Office | asin = B00DJU9HS4 | oclc = 222283828}}

{{cite news |last1 = Abel |first1 = Elie | author-link = Elie Abel |title = Defective Tanks Pile Up In Depots | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1952/01/08/archives/defective-tanks-pile-up-in-depots-rushed-into-production-new-models.html | access-date=13 September 2018 | location = Detroit |work = The New York Times | date = 8 January 1952 |quote = "DETROIT, Jan. 7 -- The new tanks rushed into production after the Communist assault on the Republic of Korea eighteen months ago have not yet been issued to the troops because they are unacceptable to the Army Field Forces." | url-access = subscription }}

{{cite book | last1 = Mesko | first1 = Jim | title = Pershing/ Patton in action: T26/ M26/ M46 Pershing and M47 Patton - Armor No. 40 | date = July 2002 | language = en | edition = 1st | publisher = Squadron/Signal Publications | isbn = 978-0-89747-442-9 | ref = 2002_Mesko}}

{{cite book | last1 = Zaloga | first1 = Steven J. | author-link = Steven Zaloga | date = 1999-07-01 | title = The M47 and M48 Patton Tanks (New Vanguard) | series = New Vanguard (Book 31) | language = en | others = Illustrated by Jim Laurier | edition = 1st | publisher = Osprey Publishing | isbn = 978-1-85532-825-9 | ol = OL8993099M | oclc = 43633333 | ref = 1999_Zaloga}}

}}

• {{cite news |last1=Bradsher |first1=Henry S. |title=Tito Sent U.S. Tanks to Ethiopian Junta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QsBSjLVsZUC&pg=RA5-PA10&dq=m47+yugoslavia&hl=pt-BR&newbks=1&newbks_redir=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBs82X__SJAxVaO7kGHRIoKVsQ6AF6BAgJEAI |access-date=24 November 2024 |work=AF Press Clips |agency=The Washington Star |publisher=Bureau of African Affairs, Department of State, U.S.A. |date=4 October 1977 |language=en}}
• {{cite journal |last1=Eckles |first1=Jim |editor1-last=Kirkpatrick |editor1-first=LTC David G |editor2-last=Bleicher |editor2-first=Harvey L |editor3-last=Magga |editor3-first=Deborah D |title=Missiles from A to Z... The Role of White Sands Missile Range in Fielding Missile Systems |journal=Army R, D & A. |date=January-February 1984 |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=7−9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQftfbKyZysC |access-date=23 November 2024 |publisher=Development and Engineering Directorate, HQ, U.S. Army Materiel Development and Readiness Command |location=Alexandria, VA |language=en |issn=0162-7082 |quote=White Sands can provide a variety of ground and aerial targets. Stationary and remotely piloted M47 tanks and plywood simulations are available as ground targets.}}
• {{cite book |editor1-last=Foss |editor1-first=Christopher F |editor1-link=Christopher F Foss |title=Jane's Armour and Artillery 1979–80 |publisher=Jane's Publishing Company |location=London |year=1979 |isbn=0-354-00588-X |pages= |edition=1st |chapter= |url=https://archive.org/details/janesarmourartil0000unse_e3c2}}
• {{cite book |editor1-last=Foss |editor1-first=Christopher F |title=Jane's Armour and Artillery 1994−1995 |date=1994 |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Surrey |isbn=0-7106-1154-4 |edition=15th}}
• {{cite book |last1=Hogg |first1=Ian V. |author1-link=Ian V. Hogg |title=Weapons of the Gulf War |date=1991 |publisher=Random House Value Publishing |isbn=978-0-517-06672-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zHEkP6RuB4wC&q=m47+tank+iraq&dq=m47+tank+iraq&hl=pt-BR&newbks=1&newbks_redir=1&printsec=frontcover&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjqtuTd4_OJAxWbILkGHZ4UAs84FBDoAXoECAQQAg |language=en}}
• {{cite journal |last1=International Institute for Strategic Studies |title=Chapter Six: Middle East and North Africa |journal=The Military Balance |date=12 February 2024 |volume=124 |issue=1 |pages=328–395 |doi=10.1080/04597222.2024.2298594 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/04597222.2024.2298594 |access-date=24 November 2024 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |language=en |issn=0459-7222 |ref={{sfnref|IISS|2024}}}}
• {{cite book |last1=Zaloga |first1=Steven J. |title=US Battle Tanks 1946–2025 |date=2024 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-4728-6571-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fJkqEQAAQBAJ |language=en}}

{{Commons category|M47 Patton}}

• [http://afvdb.50megs.com/usa/m47patton.html AFV Database: M47 Patton]
• [http://www.patton-mania.com/ Patton-Mania]
• [http://www.primeportal.net/apc/m47_patton_tank.htm M47 Photos and Walk Arounds on Prime Portal]
• [https://books.google.com/books?id=XNwDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA88 "Army's Latest Medium Tank Features Lethal Firepower."] Popular Mechanics, June 1952, p. 88. early public relation article for M-47.

{{US tanks|style=wide}}

{{Cold War tanks|style=wide}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cold War tanks of the United States

Category:Medium tanks of the United States

Category:Medium tanks of the Cold War

Category:Military vehicles introduced in the 1950s