M84 camouflage pattern
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{{Infobox military gear
| name = M84 camouflage pattern
{{lang|da|M/84 Pletsløring}}
| image = M84 camouflage pattern.png
| image_size =
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| caption = Camo pattern of the M84
| origin = Denmark
| type = Military camouflage pattern
| service = 1984–present
| used_by = Danish Defence
See Other users for non-Danish users
| wars = Bosnian War (1992–1995)
Afghanistan War (2001–2021)
Iraq War
War in Ukraine (2014–present)
| designer = Marquardt & Schulz{{efn|Based on the Flecktarn B camo pattern}}
| design_date = 1978 (T/78 first presented, but not used)
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| variants = See Variants for details on the camo patterns used
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File:Combined Resolve III 141105-A-WG858-004.jpg
The M/84 camouflage pattern ({{langx|da|M/84 Pletsløring|lit=M/84 spot camouflage}}), is the former camouflage pattern of the Danish military. The M/84 is a derivative of the Flecktarn B pattern produced by the German firm Marquardt & Schulz. Using the same shapes and pattern, the number of colours was changed from 5 to 3 – choosing olive green, light green and black to better match the colouration of the Danish woodland environment.{{cite web |last1=Morrison |first1=Bob |title=Danish M84 Kampuniform Pattern |url=https://www.joint-forces.com/features/kit-camo/32901-danish-m84-kampuniform-pattern?fbclid=IwAR2c7C6Yj4pphLowqrJwyHFIhCEUGknfnJ2vuzjaMVknqw8S6SFLZQ3aF8U |website=joint-forces.com |publisher=Joint Forces News |access-date=7 July 2020 |date=1 June 2020}}
File:Fragmentationsvest (THM-37962).jpg
The use of spots creates a "dithering" effect, which eliminates hard boundaries between the different colors in much the same way the squares in the newest digital camouflage patterns do. The pattern is designed for use in temperate woodland terrain.
It has been adapted with a desert camouflage variant by varying the colors. It has since been replaced by M/11.{{cite web|title=First Official Look at the New Danish Uniform|url=http://krigeren.dk/forste-officielle-billede-af-den-nye-danske-multicam-uniform-m11/|website=Krigeren|date=21 December 2012|access-date=27 February 2015|language=Danish}}
History
In the early 1970s the Danish Defence was looking for a replacement for the olive-grey M/58 combat uniform, with the German Flecktarn chosen as basis for the new camouflage.{{cite web|title=Flecktarn-d|url=http://www.thesovietrussia.com/flecktarn-d|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008063119/http://www.thesovietrussia.com/flecktarn-d|url-status=usurped|archive-date=October 8, 2013|website=TheSovietRussia.com|access-date=28 March 2016}} In 1978, the T/78 was presented, though it was never adopted but it eventually evolved into the M/84 pattern in 1984, hence the name — Model 1984. The name was also adopted for the uniform system which utilized the camouflage. The M/84 saw wider use, when given to the Baltic countries as military support.{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2000}}{{sfn|/ritzau/|2001}}{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2003}}
In 1999, members of the SHIRBRIG were issued a desert version M/84, during the UN mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea.{{cite web |title=Danish T/99 Ørken camouflage |url=http://www.kamouflage.net/camouflage/00045.php |website=kamouflage.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322210113/http://www.kamouflage.net/camouflage/00045.php |archive-date=22 March 2014 |date=2010 |url-status=dead}} The desert was further improved into the M/01 in 2001 for Danish troops in Afghanistan.{{cite web |title=Kampuniform M/01, ørken |url=http://www.kamouflage.net/camouflage/00139.php |website=kamouflage.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322210121/http://www.kamouflage.net/camouflage/00139.php |archive-date=22 March 2014 |date=2010 |url-status=dead }} In 2012, Danish Defence announced it would replace the M/84 and M/01 with MultiCam, dubbed M/11.
=Modern use=
The M/84 has been replaced by the M/11 in the Danish Defence in 2018,{{sfn|Hærchefsergent|2018|p=7}} is only used limited in the Home Guard. It is very sought after by collectors and enthusiasts, due to the quality and rarity.{{cite web|title=Danish M/84 "Pletsløring" camouflage pattern|url=http://www.strikehold.net/2013/07/29/danish-m84-pletsloring-camouflage-pattern/|website=STRIKE - HOLD!|access-date=24 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311023434/http://www.strikehold.net/2013/07/29/danish-m84-pletsloring-camouflage-pattern/|archive-date=11 March 2015}} Furthermore, both an Urban and Snow version have been produced for commercial use.
The adoption of the M/11 allowed for the phasing out of the M/01,{{sfn|Knudsen|2011|pp=10-11}} which took place during a command transition between the 14th and 15th ISAF contingents.{{cite web |author1=Forsvarskommandoen |title=Enkeltmandsudrustning |url=https://www2.forsvaret.dk/opgaver/afghanistan2002-2015/Materiel/udrustning/Pages/default.aspx |website=forsvaret.dk |access-date=7 July 2020 |language=Danish |date=6 February 2019}}
Other users
File:SSR Patrol.jpg using the M/84 camouflage]]
- {{flagcountry|Estonia}}: Given to the Estonians by the Danish government.{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2000}}{{sfn|/ritzau/|2001}}{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2003}}
- {{flagcountry|France}}: Special Forces uses the snow version.{{cite web|title=13e Régiment de Dragons Parachutistes|url=http://le.cos.free.fr/13rdp.htm|website=le.cos.free.fr/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301123249/http://le.cos.free.fr/13rdp.htm |archive-date=1 March 2016 |access-date=18 February 2016|language=French}}{{Failed verification|date=April 2021}}
- {{flagcountry|Latvia}}: Given to the Latvians by the Danish government.{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2000}}{{sfn|/ritzau/|2001}}{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2003}}
- {{flagcountry|Lithuania}}: Given to the Lithuanians by the Danish government.{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2000}}{{sfn|/ritzau/|2001}}{{sfn|Larsen|Nielsen|2003}}
- {{flagcountry|Sweden}}: National Task Force.{{cite web|title=Swedish National Task Force (Nationella insatsstyrkan) during the hunt for cop killer Tony Olsson and other convicts after an escape at the Hall institution.|url=http://military66.com/swedish-national-task-force-nationella-insatsstyrkan-during-the-hunt-for-cop-killer-tony-olsson-and-other-convicts-after-an-escape-at-the-hall-institution/|website=military66.com|access-date=27 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408050008/http://military66.com/swedish-national-task-force-nationella-insatsstyrkan-during-the-hunt-for-cop-killer-tony-olsson-and-other-convicts-after-an-escape-at-the-hall-institution/|archive-date=8 April 2016|url-status=dead}}
- {{flagcountry|Turkey}}: Used by Underwater Offence Group Command.{{cite web|title=SAT komandolarından güç gösterisi |url=https://www.ensonhaber.com/galeri/sat-komandolarindan-guc-gosterisi#28 |language=Tr |access-date=26 March 2020}}{{Failed verification|date=April 2021}}
Variants
File:T78.jpg|{{center|Trial version T/78}}
File:M84camo.jpeg|{{center|M/84}}
File:M90.jpg|{{center|T/90}}
File:M96.jpg|{{center|T/96}}
File:T99 DK camo.jpg|{{center|Desert version T/99}}
File:M01DKcamo.jpeg|{{center|Desert version M/01}}
File:M84urban.jpg|{{center|Urban}}
File:M84Snow.jpg|{{center|Snow}}
File:Flectar-D.png|{{center|Russian version
Flectar-D}}
Notes
{{notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
=Sources=
- {{cite book |author1=Army Operational Command |authorlink1=Army Operational Command (Denmark) |title=Uniformsbestemmelser for hæren |trans-title=Uniform Regulations for the Army|url=https://parawings.com/pdf/HRN-312-011-UBH-SEP-2012.pdf |website=parawings.com |access-date=7 November 2016 |date=September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019154522/https://parawings.com/pdf/HRN-312-011-UBH-SEP-2012.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2016 |language=Danish }}
- {{cite book |author1=Hærchefsergent |authorlink1=Sergeant Major of the Army (Denmark) |title=Uniformsbestemmelser for hæren (UBH) Jul 2018 |trans-title=Uniform Regulations for the Army - July 2018 |url=https://www2.forsvaret.dk/omos/organisation/haeren/Documents/Uniformsbestemmelser%20for%20H%C3%A6ren%20(UBH)%20JUN%202018_VFKBST%20H.312-011.pdf |date=July 2018 |language=Danish }}
- {{cite journal |last1=Knudsen |first1=Dennis Vang |editor1-last=Møller |editor1-first=Bjarne |title=Ny uniform slører bedre |journal=Hæren |date=2011 |issue=5|url=https://issuu.com/hokweb/docs/haeren_5-2011 |access-date=25 September 2019 |publisher=Army Operational Command |language=Danish |issn=1902-5734 }}
- {{cite news |last1=Larsen |first1=Jesper |last2=Nielsen |first2=Ole Bang |title=Danske våben som hjælp til Baltikum |url=https://www.berlingske.dk/samfund/danske-vaaben-som-hjaelp-til-baltikum |access-date=26 March 2020 |work=berlingske.dk/ |agency=Berlingske |publisher=Berlingske Media |date=25 April 2000 |language=Danish }}
- {{cite news |last1=Larsen |first1=Jesper |last2=Nielsen |first2=Ole Bang |title=Baltisk tak til Danmark |url=https://www.berlingske.dk/internationalt/baltisk-tak-til-danmark |access-date=26 March 2020 |work=berlingske.dk/ |agency=Berlingske |publisher=Berlingske Media |date=26 February 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326134323/https://www.berlingske.dk/internationalt/baltisk-tak-til-danmark |archive-date=26 March 2020 |language=Danish }}
- {{cite news |author1=/ritzau/ |title=Balterne fik militært isenkram for 32 mio. af Danmark i 2000 |url=https://jyllands-posten.dk/indland/ECE3308981/Balterne-fik-milit%C3%A6rt-isenkram-for-32-mio.-af-Danmark-i-2000/ |access-date=26 March 2020 |work=jyllands-posten.dk |publisher=JP/Politikens Hus A/S |date=28 January 2001 |language=Danish }}
External links
{{commons category|M84 camouflage}}
- {{cite web|title=Baltic nations in M84 camouflage|url=http://www.nato.int/sfor/nations/various/denmark/Baltic%20Detachment/photo1baldan.htm|website=SFOR Informer Online|publisher=NATO|access-date=27 March 2016}}
{{Camouflage}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:M84 Camouflage pattern}}