MAC-10#Calibers and variants

The MAC-10 is built predominantly from steel stampings. A notched cocking handle protrudes from the top of the receiver, and turning the handle 90°, locks the bolt, and acts as an indicator the weapon is unable to fire. The MAC-10 has a telescoping bolt, which wraps around the rear face of the barrel. This allows a more compact weapon and balances the weight of the weapon over the pistol grip, where the magazine is located. The MAC-10 fires from an open bolt, and the light weight of the bolt results in a rapid rate of fire. In addition, this design incorporates a built-in feed ramp as part of the trigger guard (a new concept at the time) and, to save on cost, the magazine design was recycled from the M3 Grease Gun. The barrel is threaded to accept a suppressor, which works by reducing the discharge's sound without attempting to reduce the speed of the bullet. The .45 ACP models are well-suited for this, as most .45 loads are naturally subsonic, as opposed to the specialized subsonic loads usually required for suppressed 9mm weapons. At the suggestion of the United States Army, the suppressor also acts as a foregrip to inhibit muzzle rise when fired. Ingram added a small bracket with a small strap beneath the muzzle to aid in controlling recoil during fully automatic fire. The original rate of fire for the MAC-10 in .45 ACP is approximately 1090 rounds per minute.{{cn|date=May 2024}} That of the 9mm is approximately 1250, and that of the smaller MAC-11 in .380 ACP is 1500 rounds per minute.{{cite book|last=McNab|first=Chris|title=The Uzi Submachine Gun|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aWbTl02k5jYC&pg=PA69|date=20 November 2011|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-84908-906-7|page=69}}

Noting the weapon's poor accuracy, in the 1970s, International Association of Police Chiefs weapons researcher David Steele described the MAC series as "fit only for combat in a phone booth".{{cite book|author=Jack Lewis|title=Assault Weapons|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s2AbzqChZBYC&pg=PA79|date=28 February 2011|publisher=Gun Digest Books|isbn=978-1-4402-2400-3|pages=79–}}

The primary reason for the original M10 finding recognition was its revolutionary sound suppressor designed by Mitchell WerBell III of Sionics. This suppressor has a two-stage design, with the first stage being larger than the second. This uniquely shaped suppressor gives the MAC-10 a very distinctive look. It is also very quiet, to the point that the bolt can be heard cycling, along with the suppressed report of the weapon's discharge, though only if subsonic rounds are used (standard .45 ACP rounds are subsonic). The suppressor, when used with a Nomex cover, creates a place to hold the firearm with the secondary hand, making it easier to control. During the 1970s, the United States placed restrictions on the export of suppressors, and a number of countries canceled their orders as the effectiveness of the MAC-10's suppressor was one of its main selling points. This was one factor that led to the bankruptcy of Military Armament Corporation, another being the company's failure to recognize the private market.{{Clarify|reason=|date=January 2021}} The original Sionics suppressor is 11.44{{spaces}}inches in length, 2.13{{spaces}}inches in overall diameter, and weighs 1.20 pounds.{{cite book|last=Walker|first=Robert E.|title=Cartridges and Firearm Identification|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SJYjP_tJ9_wC&pg=PA210|year=2012|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4665-0206-2|pages=210, 436}}

While the original M10 was available chambered for either .45 ACP or 9mm, the M10 is part of a series of machine pistols, the others being the MAC-11/M-11A1, which is a scaled-down version of the M10 chambered in .380 ACP (9×17mm); and the M-11/9, which is a modified version of the M-11 with a longer receiver chambered in 9×19mm, later made by SWD (Sylvia and Wayne Daniel), Leinad and Vulcan Armament. Law enforcement bureaucracies such as the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA) consider MAC-11 variants such as the Leinad PM-11 to be part of the "MAC-10 class pistol".{{cite news |first1=Lou |last1=Raguse |title=New warrants in Idd's case reveal car search and investigation of possible link to brother's case |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/crime/new-warrants-in-idds-case-reveal-car-search-and-investigation-of-possible-link-to-brothers-case/ar-BB1cJoAX |access-date=14 January 2021 |work=MSN News |agency=Kare 11 |date=14 January 2021 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210114073440/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/crime/new-warrants-in-idds-case-reveal-car-search-and-investigation-of-possible-link-to-brothers-case/ar-BB1cJoAX |archive-date=14 January 2021 |quote=And they found a backpack on the passenger side that had ammunition and "Leinad PM-11 high capacity pistol." The BCA calls it "a MAC-10 class pistol," |url-status=dead }}

In the United States, machine guns are National Firearms Act items. As the Military Armament Corporation was in bankruptcy, a large number of incomplete sheet metal frame flats were given serial numbers and then bought by a new company, RPB Industries. Some of the previously completed guns, which were already stamped with MAC, were then stamped with RPB on the reverse side, making it a "double stamp" gun.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

RPB Industries made many open-bolt semi-automatic and sub-machine guns before the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATFE) seized roughly 200 open-bolt semi-autos during the drug wars of 1981.https://www.firearmsnews.com/editorial/m10-full-auto-for-sale-rare/491652 The BATFE insisted that all future semi-automatic firearms were to be manufactured with a closed-bolt design as the open-bolt semi-automatics were considered too easy to illegally convert to full automatic operation.

A semi-automatic variant, the MkIII/IV/V was marketed to South American countries where "military" calibers were forbidden for civilian sales were chambered in .30/.41/.50 Ingram and available as semi-automatic pistols/carbines.https://werewolf0001.livejournal.com/717328.htmlhttps://www.reddit.com/r/ForgottenWeapons/comments/wk42zb/does_anybody_have_any_information_on_this_ive/{{citation needed|date=April 2025}}

Wayne Daniel, a former RPB machine operator, purchased much of their remaining inventory and formed SWD, designing a new weapon which was more balanced, available either fully or semi-automatic with his new BATFE-approved closed bolt design.{{cite book|last=Larson|first=Erik|author-link=Erik Larson (author)|title=Lethal Passage: The Story of a Gun|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FzV82AD3GlQC&pg=PA253|date=27 July 2011|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-307-80331-3|page=253}}

There are several carbine versions of the M-11/9 and Cobray and SWD manufactured a smaller version chambered in .380 ACP as a semiautomatic pistol called the M-12.{{cite book|last=Shideler|first=Dan|title=Gun Digest 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HEjWeu2XJlEC&pg=PA54|year=2011|publisher=Gun Digest Books|location=Iola, Wisconsin|isbn=978-1-4402-1447-9|page=54}}

Today, while the civilian manufacture, sale and possession of post-1986 select-fire MAC-10 and variants is prohibited, it is still legal to sell templates, tooling and manuals to complete such conversions. These items are typically marketed as being "post-sample" materials for use by Federal Firearm Licensees for manufacturing/distributing select-fire variants of the MAC-10 to law enforcement, military and overseas customers.{{cite web | url = http://www.fullautoguns.com | title = Select-Fire (Fully Automatic) conversion information | access-date = 2020-10-07 | archive-date = 2015-06-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150620123116/http://www.fullautoguns.com/ | url-status = dead }}

The semi-automatic civilian pistol version of the MAC-10, which operates differently from its military counterpart, fell under the 1994 Assault Weapons Ban. The ban – which expired in 2004 – enacted various requirements that defined an assault weapon. The MAC-10 was named directly in the ban, and it failed three of the requirements:

1. A semi-automatic version of an automatic firearm,
2. A manufactured weight of 50 ounces (1.4{{spaces}}kg) or more when the pistol is unloaded. The MAC-10 weighs 100.16 oz (2.84{{spaces}}kg),{{cite book|last=Spitzer|first=Robert J.|title=The Right to Bear Arms: Rights and Liberties Under the Law|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kYKrIwceQ1UC&pg=PA96|date=1 January 2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-347-6|pages=96–97}} and
3. A threaded barrel to attach barrel extender, flash suppressor, handgrip, or suppressor

Additionally, the magazine capacity is 32 rounds. In response, Wayne Daniel redesigned the M-11 by eliminating the threaded barrel and creating a new magazine release that would only allow the firearm to accept a new 10-round magazine, as the 1994 Assault Weapons Ban mandated. The new firearm was called the PM11/9.{{cite book|last1=Roth|first1=Jeffrey A.|last2=Koper|first2=Christopher S.|title=Impacts of the 1994 Assault Weapons Ban, 1994–96|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pb2RAAAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice|page=3}}

The BXP is a 9{{spaces}}mm submachine gun developed in the mid-1980s by the South African company Mechem (currently a division of Denel, formerly under ARMSCOR) and brought into production in 1984. Due to international arms embargoes of Apartheid South Africa, the country was forced to design and manufacture their own weapons. The weapon was intended for use by security forces. The manufacturing rights have changed hands several times, passing from Mechem to Milkor Marketing and later to Truvelo Armoury, the current manufacturer ({{as of|lc=y|2009}}).{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}}

The Cobra carbine is a semi-automatic firearm of Rhodesian origin manufactured during the Rhodesian Bush War Era as a self-defense weapon for farmers and is chambered for the 9×19mm Parabellum round. The layout of this weapon is somewhat based on the Uzi submachine gun.{{cite web|url=http://www.guncity.co.nz/9mm-cobra-rhodesian-mac10-uzi-hybird-xidp156426.html |title=9mm Cobra, Rhodesian MAC-10/Uzi Hybird [sic] |work=Gun City Gun Shop |location=Christchurch, New Zealand |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090119142310/http://www.guncity.co.nz/9mm-cobra-rhodesian-mac10-uzi-hybird-xidp156426.html |archive-date=19 January 2009}}

The Pistola Ametralladora Patria is a close copy of the MAC-10 and features a cooling jacket/barrel extension much like the South African BXP. It was developed by Major Luis Ricardo Dávila, of the Argentine Air Force, and protected by national Patent n° 220494/5/6/7 on 20/08/1980. It uses 9mm rounds for easy transportation and can be operated in either hand.ARMAS Y GEOESTRATEGIA, Vol.2, N° 6, Mayo 1983 A similar earlier Argentine weapon based on the MAC-10 was also designed in 1977 by manufacturer Domingo Matheu, the Pistola Ametralladora MPA.Las Pistolas Ametralladoras Fabricadas en Nuestro País¨, N°172, Enero 2004

The Enarm MSM (Mini Sub Metralhadora or Mini Submachine Gun) was a submachine gun of Brazilian origin based on the Uzi and MAC-10 weapons, made by ENARM.{{cite web |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2017/01/26/msm-compact-subgun-guns-nelmo-suzano/|website=The Firearm Blog |title=The MSM compact subgun: Guns of Nelmo Suzano |author1=Olive, Ronaldo |date=2017-01-26|df=mdy-all}} It was chambered in the 9×19mm Parabellum round and also came with a foregrip. Although the weapon performed well in trials, it was discontinued due to the company disbanding due to "internal disruptions".

Section Five Firearms Ltd of Tunbridge Wells, Kent in the UK manufactured a MAC-10 variation in 9×19 Parabellum{{cite web |url=http://www.firearmsid.com/Feature%20Articles/012001/Mac10History.htm|title=A MAC History Lesson|website=FirearmsID |author1=Ehringer, William D.|date=2001}} in the 1970s. They only accept 9×19mm Uzi magazines and are equipped with a classic folding or a special fixed polymer stock.{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}}

File:MAC-10 Users.png

• {{flag|Bolivia|1991}}{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A5ngPgAACAAJ |editor1-first=Richard D. |editor1-last=Jones |editor2-first=Leland S. |editor2-last=Ness |title=Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010 |date=27 January 2009 |edition=35th |publisher=Jane's Information Group |location=Coulsdon |isbn=978-0-7106-2869-5}}{{cite book| last = Ezell| first = Edward| author-link = Edward C. Ezell| title = Small Arms Today| publisher = Stackpole Books| volume = 2nd| edition = | date = 1988

| pages = 65| language = English | isbn = 0811722805| jfm =}} 160 9mm MAC-10s manufactured by RPB Industries for use by Bolivian Customs.

• {{flag|Brazil}}: Used by GRUMEC{{Cite web |title=World Infantry Weapons: Brazil |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_brazil |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602220038/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_brazil |archive-date=2 June 2016}}
• {{flag|Chile|1990}}{{cite book |url=https://www.amazon.com/Brasseys-infantry-weapons-world-1950-1975/dp/B0006DBUV4|title=Brassey's Infantry Weapons of the World, 1950–1975 |author1=Owen, J.I.H | publisher=Bonanza Book |year=1975|page=45}}
• {{flag|Colombia}}{{cite book|last = Hogg| first = Ian| title = Jane's Infantry Weapons 1989-90, 15th Edition | publisher = Jane's Information Group| year = 1989| isbn =0-7106-0889-6| page =117}}
• {{flag|Dominican Republic}}
• {{flag|Greece}}
• {{flag|Guatemala}}
• {{flag|Honduras}}
• {{flag|Iran|1964}}: Used in small numbers by SAVAK agents{{Cite web|url=https://silahreport.com/2021/06/21/iranian-submachine-guns-1941-1979/|title=Silah Report Podcast V33: Iranian Submachine Guns (1941-1979)|date=21 June 2021}}
• {{flag|Israel}}
• {{flag|Jordan}}: Formerly used by police forces{{Cite web |date=2016-05-31 |title=wiw_me_jordan - worldinventory |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_me_jordan |access-date=2023-03-14 |archive-date=2016-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531233451/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_me_jordan |url-status=dead }}
• {{flag|Lebanon}}: Formerly used by police forces{{Cite web |date=2016-03-12 |title=wiw_me_lebanon - worldinventory |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_me_lebanon |access-date=2022-11-23 |archive-date=2016-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312102139/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_me_lebanon |url-status=bot: unknown }}
• {{flag|Malaysia}}: Formerly used by the Special Actions Unit, Royal Malaysian Police, now on display at the Police Museum{{cite magazine |url=http://www.sadefensejournal.com/wp/royal-malaysia-police-museum/|title=Royal Malaysia Police Museum |date=27 May 2016 |magazine=Small Arms Defense Journal|issue=V8N2 |quote=Ingram M10 9×19mm submachine gun}}
• {{flag|Mexico}}: Used by police{{Cite web |date=2014-12-28 |title=wiw_sa_mexico - worldinventory |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_mexico |access-date=2023-03-14 |archive-date=2014-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228081703/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_mexico |url-status=dead }}
• {{flag|Morocco}}: Used by GISGR, DGST and DGED{{Cite web |date=2015-01-28 |title=wiw_af_morocco - worldinventory |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_af_morocco |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2015-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128115214/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_af_morocco |url-status=dead }}
• {{flag|Poland}}
• {{flag|Portugal}}
• {{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
• {{flag|South Korea}}: Issued to special forces in the 1970s, later replaced by the Daewoo K1{{Cite web |last1=Issue |last2=V9N5 |last3=Volume 9 |title=The Evolution of K1/K2 Families in the ROK Military – Small Arms Defense Journal |url=https://sadefensejournal.com/the-evolution-of-k1k2-families-in-the-rok-military/ |access-date=2022-10-11 |language=en-US}}
• {{flag|Spain}}: Used by various police forcesDiez, Octavio (2000). Handguns: Armament and Technology. Lema Publications, S.L. {{ISBN|84-8463-013-7}}.
• {{flag|Thailand}}: Formerly used by police forces{{Cite web |date=2016-03-12 |title=wiw_as_thailand - worldinventory |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_as_thailand |access-date=2023-03-15 |archive-date=2016-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312083652/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_as_thailand |url-status=bot: unknown }}
• {{flag|United Kingdom}}: Used by the SAS and 14 Intelligence Company on operations in Northern Ireland
• {{flag|United States}}: Was used by special forces, including LRRPs and Navy SEALs, in the Vietnam War{{cite book|url=https://www.abebooks.com/9780873645232/Terrifying-Three-Uzi-Ingram-Intratec-0873645235/plp |author1=Long, Duncan| title = Terrifying Three: Uzi, Ingram And Intratec Weapons Families| publisher = Paladin Press| date=1 September 1989| pages=25–31| location= Boulder, Colorado| isbn=9780873645232}} and the Invasion of Grenada; MAC-10s are located in the inventories of Delta Force{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/operatorsinsidet00ryan/page/187 187]|title=The Operators: Inside the World's Special Forces|author=Ryan, Mike|date=6 May 2008|publisher=Skyhorse|isbn=978-1602392151|url=https://archive.org/details/operatorsinsidet00ryan/page/187}} and the 492nd Special Operations Wing{{Cite web|last=Trevithick|first=Joseph|date=19 December 2017|title=The US Air Force Still Has At Least One MAC-10 Submachine Gun|url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/17104/the-us-air-force-still-has-at-least-one-mac-10-submachine-gun|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=The Drive}}
• {{flag|Uruguay}}: Formerly used by general officer's bodyguards, later replaced by Mini-Uzi{{Cite web |date=2016-10-05 |title=wiw_sa_uruguay - worldinventory |url=https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_uruguay |access-date=2023-03-14 |archive-date=2016-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005224622/https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/wiw_sa_uruguay |url-status=bot: unknown }}
• {{flag|Venezuela}}
• {{flag|Yugoslavia}}: One of the first buyers (along with Chile){{cite book |last=Christopher |first=Foss |date=1977 |title=Infantry Weapons of the World |publisher= Charles Scribner's Sons|page=111 |isbn=0-684-14861-7}}

• {{flagicon image|Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg}} Lebanese Forces{{Cite web |date=2016-03-03 |title=Lebanese Forces : The Weapons: Sub Machine Guns (SMG) |url=http://www.lebaneseforces.com/wsmg.asp |access-date=2022-11-23 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174221/http://www.lebaneseforces.com/wsmg.asp |url-status=dead }}
• {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Ulster_Volunteer_Force.svg}} Ulster Volunteer Force: semi-auto weapons bought in US and illegally converted to full-auto, then smuggled from Canada{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |first2= |last3= |first3= |last4= |last5= |first5= |title=On legacy, Mrs May seems determined to play a cute political game of her own |url=https://sluggerotoole.com/2017/04/28/on-legacy-mrs-may-seems-determined-to-play-a-cute-political-game-of-her-own/ |access-date=2022-10-10 |website=Slugger O'Toole |language=en-GB|last1=Fealty |first1=Mick |date=28 April 2017}}

• McQ
• MGP-15 submachine gun
• Minebea PM-9
• Saab Bofors Dynamics CBJ-MS
• Type 77 submachine gun
• vz.61 Skorpion, Czechoslovak equivalent

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons}}

• [http://pdf.textfiles.com/manuals/FIREARMS/mac_10.pdf Operating Manual]
• [http://www.enemyforces.com/firearms/ingram.htm Ingram MAC-10/11] ({{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013093415/http://www.enemyforces.com/firearms/ingram.htm |date=2007-10-13 }}) on EnemyForces.com
• [http://world.guns.ru/smg/usa/ingram-mac-m10-and-m11-e.html MAC M10 and M11] on Modern Firearms
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20021213102749/https://www.firearmsid.com/Feature%20Articles/012001/Mac10History.htm MAC-10 History Lesson]
• [http://www.nazarian.no/wep.asp?id=176&group_id=4&country_id=70&lang=0&p=8 Nazarian's Guns Recognition Guide Mac 10 Silenced (MPEG video)]

Category:.45 ACP submachine guns

Category:9mm Parabellum submachine guns

Category:Machine pistols

Category:Military equipment of the Vietnam War

Category:Simple blowback firearms

Category:Submachine guns of the United States

Category:Telescoping bolt submachine guns

Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1970