MAssive Cluster Survey

The MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS){{cite journal|last=Ebeling|first=Harald|author2=Alastair Edge|author3=J. Patrick Henry|title=MACS: A Quest for the Most Massive Galaxy Clusters in the Universe|journal=Astrophysical Journal|volume=553|date=2001|issue=2|page=668|doi=10.1086/320958|bibcode = 2001ApJ...553..668E |arxiv = astro-ph/0009101 |s2cid=15324781 }}{{cite journal|last=Ebeling|first=Harald|author2=Elizabeth Barrett |author3=David Donovan |author4=Cheng-Jiun Ma |author5=Alastair Edge |author6=Leon van Speybroeck |title=A Complete Sample of 12 Very X-Ray Luminous Galaxy Clusters at z > 0.5|journal=Astrophysical Journal Letters|volume=661|date=2007|issue=661|page=33|doi=10.1086/518603|bibcode = 2007ApJ...661L..33E |arxiv = astro-ph/0703394 |s2cid=118914497 }} compiled and characterized a sample of very X-ray luminous (and thus, by inference, massive), distant clusters of galaxies. The sample comprises 124 spectroscopically confirmed clusters at 0.3 < z < 0.7. Candidates were selected from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey data.[http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~ebeling/clusters/MACS.html MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS)]

Cluster candidates that are south of declination -40° cannot be observed from Mauna Kea and fit into the Southern MACS (SMACS) extension. They are also being investigated when facilities are available.{{Cite journal |last1=Repp |first1=A |last2=Ebeling |first2=H |date=2018-09-01 |title=Science from a glimpse: Hubble SNAPshot observations of massive galaxy clusters |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=479 |issue=1 |pages=844–864 |doi=10.1093/mnras/sty1489 |doi-access=free |issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1706.01263 }}

History

One of the galaxy clusters, MACS J0647+7015 was found to have gravitationally lensed the most distant galaxy (MACS0647-JD) then ever imaged, in 2012, by CLASH. The first statistical study of X-ray cavities in distant clusters of galaxies was performed by analyzing the Chandra X-ray observations of MACS. Out of 76 clusters representing a sample of the most luminous X-ray clusters, observers found 13 cut and clear cavities and 7 possible cavities. A new radio halo, as well as a relic applicant, were found in MACS, with the help of the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope and the Karoo Array Telescope-7. The discovered radio halo has a largest linear scale of about 0.9Mpc. X-ray chosen clusters are almost free of projection effects because they are composed of intrinsically massive, gravitationally collapsed systems.

MACS team

The MACS team consists of:

Harald Ebeling, University of Hawaii, USA
Alastair Edge, University of Durham, UK
J. Patrick Henry, University of Hawaii, USA

Survey notation

Objects are labelled as JHHMM.m+DDMM where HHMM+DDMM are the coordinates in the J2000 system. Here H, D, and M refer to hours, degrees, and minutes, respectively, and m refers to tenths of minutes of time.

HH Hours of right ascension
MM.m Minutes of right ascension or declination
DD.d Degrees in declination

Southern MAssive Cluster Survey

The Southern MAssive Cluster Survey (SMACS) involved the Hubble Space Telescope.

Notable surveyed objects

\| Survey object	Right ascension	Declination	Notes
class="wikitable sortable"
\| MACS J0025.4-1222	{{RA\|00\|25.4}}	{{DEC
12\|22}}
\| MACS J0358.8-2955	{{RA\|03\|58.8}}	{{DEC
29.5}}	Part of Abell 3192[https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-views-a-double-cluster-of-glowing-galaxies/ NASA: Hubble Views a Double Cluster of Glowing Galaxies]
\| MACS J0416.1-2403	{{RA\|04\|16\|9.9}}	{{DEC\|−24\|03\|58}}
\| MACS J0647+7015	{{RA\|06\|47}}	{{DEC\|+70\|15}}
\| MACS J0717.5+3745	{{RA\|07\|17.5}}	{{DEC\|+37\|45}}
\| SMACS J0723.3–7327	{{RA\|07\|23}}	{{DEC
73\|27}}	Subject of first JWST deep field
\| MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1	{{RA\|11\|49\|35.59}}	{{DEC\|22\|23\|47.4}}	Blue supergiant star observed through a gravitational lens
\| MACS 1423-z7p64	{{RA\|14\|23}}	{{DEC\|24\|04}}	Most distant galaxy known as of April 2017
\| MACS 2129-1	{{RA\|21\|29}}	{{DEC\|−1}}

References

External links

http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/407/1/83.short
http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/421/2/1360.short
http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/458/2/1803.abstract

Category:Astronomical surveys