MILAN

MILAN is a product of Euromissile, a Franco-West German missile development program dating back to the 1960s. The system entered service in 1972 as a second generation anti-tank weapon and soon became a standard anti-tank weapon throughout NATO, in use by most of the alliance's individual armies.{{cite web |author=ARG |title=MILAN Anti-Tank Guided Missile |website=Military-Today.com |url=http://www.military-today.com/missiles/milan.htm |access-date=10 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227162522/http://www.military-today.com/missiles/milan.htm |archive-date=27 February 2018 |url-status=usurped}}

Consisting of two main components, the launcher and the missile, the MILAN system uses a semi-automatic command to line of sight (SACLOS) command guidance system. It tracks the missile either by a tail-mounted infrared lamp or an electronic-flash lamp, depending on the model. Because it is guided by wire by an operator, the missile cannot be affected by radio jamming or flares. However, drawbacks include short range, exposure of the operator, and problems with overland powerlines.

The MILAN 2 variant, which entered service with the French, German and British armies in 1984, uses an improved 115 mm high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) shaped charge warhead. The MILAN 3 entered service with the French army in 1995 and features a new-generation localizer that makes the system more difficult to jam electronically.{{cite web |last=Pike |first=John |title=Milan |website=GlobalSecurity.org |date=9 March 2018 |url=https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/milan.htm |access-date=10 March 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310135944/https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/milan.htm |archive-date=10 March 2018}}

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|image1=Euromissile Milan img 2355.jpg

|caption1=MILAN 1.

|image2=MILAN (2) 1986.jpg

|caption2=MILAN II with stand-off probe which almost doubles penetration.

|image3=Targetsight.MILAN.jpg

|caption3=View through the optical sight.

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• MILAN 1: Single, main shaped charge warhead (1972), calibre 103 mm
• MILAN 2: Single, main shaped charge warhead, with standoff probe to increase penetration (1984) – see photo to right, calibre 115 mm
• MILAN 2T: Tandem shaped charge warheads to defeat reactive armour (1993)
• MILAN 3: Tandem, shaped charge warheads (1996) and electronic beacon to defeat Shtora jammer
• MILAN ER: Extended range (3,000 m) and improved penetration

The later MILAN models have tandem-charge HEAT warheads. This was done to keep pace with developments in Soviet armour technology: their tanks began to appear with explosive reactive armour (ERA), which could defeat earlier anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs). The smaller precursor HEAT warhead penetrates and detonates the ERA tiles, exposing the way for the main HEAT warhead to penetrate the armour behind. Early missile versions used a simple flare to show the launch post their position left–right and above–below the crosshair, which then led to steering commands (SACLOS guidance). This was exploited with IR jammers such as Soviet Shtora that created a strong signal that was always on target, and thus led to wrong steering commands. The later electronic IR beacon used a coded signal sequence (switching between emitting and not emitting) that enabled the launch post to discern the missile's beacon from the jammer.

Both the explosive reactive armour and the guidance jamming provided excellent frontal protection for well-equipped Warsaw Pact main battle tanks against Milan and other 1980's SACLOS-guided anti-tank missiles until both were countered through technical means after the end of the Cold War.

MILAN missile systems were among the numerous weapons sent to the Mujahideen in Afghanistan in the 1980s by the United States to combat Soviet troops.{{cite book|author=Bobi Pirseyedi|title=The Small Arms Problem in Central Asia: Features and Implications|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LtZqsUyjD6IC&pg=PA17|year=2000|publisher=United Nations Publications UNIDIR|isbn=978-92-9045-134-1|pages=17–}} The MILAN had a devastating effect on Soviet armor, having a similar effect on tanks and armored personnel carriers as Stinger missiles had had on Soviet helicopters.{{cite book|author1=Jack Devine|author2=Vernon Loeb|title=Good Hunting: An American Spymaster's Story|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a3Z_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA103|date=3 June 2014|publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux|isbn=978-0-374-13032-9|pages=103–}} In 2010, French troops killed four Afghan civilians in Kapisa Province using a MILAN system during a firefight.{{cite web |title=French army claims responsibility for four civilian deaths in Afghanistan |publisher=France 24 |date=29 April 2010 |url=http://www.france24.com/en/20100429-afghanistan-french-army-admits-accidentally-killed-four-afghan-civilians |access-date=10 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310140025/http://www.france24.com/en/20100429-afghanistan-french-army-admits-accidentally-killed-four-afghan-civilians |archive-date=10 March 2018 |url-status=live}}

MILAN missiles provided by the French government saw common usage during the war between Chad and Libya where they were used by Chadian forces. Often mounted on Toyota pickup trucks, the missiles successfully engaged Libyan armour in the Aouzou Strip including T-55 tanks.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/16/opinion/topics-of-the-times-toyotas-and-tanks.html|title=TOPICS OF THE TIMES; Toyotas and Tanks|newspaper=The New York Times|date=16 August 1987|access-date=29 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113093416/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/16/opinion/topics-of-the-times-toyotas-and-tanks.html|archive-date=13 January 2018|url-status=live}}

In 1982, the ruling military junta in Argentina launched the invasion of the UK overseas territory of the Falkland Islands, leading to the Falklands War. British forces used MILAN, along with the M72 LAW and Carl Gustaf, in a 'bunker buster' role. The MILAN saw use in the battles for Goose Green, Mount Longdon, Two Sisters and Wireless Ridge.Falklands War Operations Manual. Haynes, Chris McNab, 2018, {{ISBN|978 1 78521 185 0}}

MILAN was used by both coalition and Iraqi forces during the Persian Gulf War, with a MILAN launcher operated by French forces claiming to have destroyed seven T-55 tanks.{{cite book |last=Bourque |first=Stephen Alan |title=Jayhawk! the VII Corps in the Persian Gulf War |publisher=United States Department of the Army}} Iraqi operated MILAN missiles were supplied by the French government during the 1980s and were used by Iraqi forces during both Gulf Wars.

In 2015, Germany supplied the Peshmerga with 30 MILAN launchers and over 500 missiles.{{cite web|url=http://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/130420152|title=Germany sends more MILAN rockets to thwart ISIS suicide bombers|access-date=13 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809171736/http://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/130420152|archive-date=9 August 2017|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/international/kampf-gegen-is-mehr-deutsche-waffen-fuer-kurden/11340368.html|title=Kampf gegen IS: Mehr deutsche Waffen für Kurden|access-date=13 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113093153/https://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/international/kampf-gegen-is-mehr-deutsche-waffen-fuer-kurden/11340368.html|archive-date=13 January 2018|url-status=live}}

Syria ordered about 200 launchers and 4,000 missiles in 1977 which were delivered in 1978-1979 and used by the Syrians during the Lebanese Civil War. The Syrian army used Milan missiles against Israeli tanks in Lebanon in 1982. The missiles were in service during the Syrian Civil War, fielded by the Republican Guard.{{cite news|title=La 104ème brigade de la Garde républicaine syrienne, troupe d'élite et étendard du régime de Damas|url=http://www.francesoir.fr/politique-monde/la-104eme-brigade-de-la-garde-republicaine-troupe-elite-regime-damas-combats-alep-ghouta-deir-ezzor-bachar-al-assad-issam-zahreddine-etat-islamique-arm%C3%A9e-syrienne-artillerie-druze-daech-forces-speciales|date=20 March 2017|language=fr|work=France-Soir|access-date=4 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019004114/http://www.francesoir.fr/politique-monde/la-104eme-brigade-de-la-garde-republicaine-troupe-elite-regime-damas-combats-alep-ghouta-deir-ezzor-bachar-al-assad-issam-zahreddine-etat-islamique-arm%C3%A9e-syrienne-artillerie-druze-daech-forces-speciales|archive-date=19 October 2017|url-status=live}} Syrian rebels captured some in depots, as did ISIL. The Kurdish YPG also used Milans supplied by the international coalition.{{cite news|title=Comment l'Etat islamique a récupéré des lance-missiles Milan français|language=fr|newspaper=France Soir|date=7 December 2018|url=http://www.francesoir.fr/en-coop-matteo-puxton/comment-etat-islamique-recupere-des-lance-missiles-milan-francais|trans-title=How ISIS got French Milan missiles|access-date=7 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207212200/http://www.francesoir.fr/en-coop-matteo-puxton/comment-etat-islamique-recupere-des-lance-missiles-milan-francais|archive-date=7 December 2018|url-status=live}}

File:Syrian team with Milan.jpg

The first Milan version was delivered to the Special Forces and the antitank platoons in the late 1970s and 1980s at a scale of six launchers per platoon. Each platoon was organised into three antitank sections, with two ATGM launchers and two M40A1 106 mm recoilless guns or two rocket launchers.

Six SADF MILAN teams were deployed by the Special Forces in support of the Angolan UNITA guerrillas, in the Cazombo Salient in 1985 during Operation Wallpaper.

France has sent MILAN missiles to Ukraine during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.{{Cite web |title=France sending 'significant equipment' to Ukraine to fight Russia |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/4/22/france-sending-heavy-weapons-significant-equipment-to-ukraine |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}

File:MILAN operators.svg

{{Multiple image

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| width = 220

| header = MILAN missiles

| image1 = Marder1A3.5.jpg

| caption1 = A Bundeswehr Marder infantry fighting vehicle firing.

| image2 = MILAN P1220770.jpg

| caption2 = 2007.

| image3 = MILAN AGDUS 1.JPG

| caption3 = German Army missile equipped with AGDUS combat simulator.

| image4 = A crew of an Egyptian ranger battalion waits to parade in their Jeep YJ light vehicle armed with a MILAN portable ATGM launcher during Operation Desert Shield.JPEG

| caption4 = Vehicle mounted launcher and missiles in Egyptian service during Operation Desert Shield.

| image5 = Milan anti-tank missile striking a target.JPEG

| caption5 = Strike on training target, 2001.

}}

• {{flagcountry|Afghanistan}} – Afghan National Army:{{cite book |author= |others=International Institute for Strategic Studies |year=2020 |title=The Military Balance |volume=120 |publisher=Routledge |pages=257–504 |isbn=978-0-367-46639-8}} 271
• {{flag|Algeria}} – Algerian People's National Army: 340
• {{flag|Bahrain}} - Royal Bahraini Army: mounted on 5 AIFV-B-Milan vehicles: 343
• {{BIH}} - Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina: 90
• {{BOT}} - Botswana Defence Force{{cite web|url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=29364:botswana&catid=119:african-militaries&Itemid=255|title=Botswana - defenceWeb|last=Martin|first=Guy|date=7 February 2013|website=Defenceweb.co.za|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721221806/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=29364:botswana&catid=119:african-militaries&Itemid=255|archive-date=21 July 2018|url-status=live}}
• {{flag|Brazil}} – Brazilian Army: 406
• {{flag|Burundi}} - Burundi Army (reported): 465
• {{flag|Cameroon}} - Cameroon Army: 466
• {{CHA}} – Chadian Ground Forces: 469 mounted on light vehicles{{cite web|url=http://www.slate.fr/story/36251/libye-retour-cavalerie-toyota|title=Libye: le retour de la "cavalerie Toyota"|date=30 March 2011|access-date=30 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830110544/http://www.slate.fr/story/36251/libye-retour-cavalerie-toyota|archive-date=30 August 2018|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=https://www.la-croix.com/Actualite/Monde/Au-Tchad-l-argent-du-petrole-finance-surtout-les-armes-_EP_-2012-01-30-763451|title=Au Tchad, l'argent du pétrole finance surtout les armes|last=La-Croix.com|date=30 January 2012|website=La Croix|access-date=30 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830110501/https://www.la-croix.com/Actualite/Monde/Au-Tchad-l-argent-du-petrole-finance-surtout-les-armes-_EP_-2012-01-30-763451|archive-date=30 August 2018|url-status=live}}
• {{CYP}} – Cypriot National Guard: 95
• {{EGY}} – Egyptian Army: 345
• {{FRA}} – French Army: Infantry and vehicle-mounted weapon.: 105 Will be replaced by Missile Moyenne Portée (MMP) from 2017.[https://archive.today/20131207163353/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20131205/DEFREG01/312050024/France-Orders-Anti-Tank-Missile-from-MBDA France Orders Anti-Tank Missile from MBDA] – Defensenews.com, 5 December 2013
• {{GAB}} - Gabon Army: 478
• {{GER}} – Bundeswehr: 109
• {{GRE}} – Hellenic Army: 112
• {{IND}} – Indian Army: 34,100 MILAN-2T bought. License produced by Bharat Dynamics in India.{{Cite web |date=2024-01-15 |title=Kornet to Nag missiles: Army's anti-tank warfare capabilities have undergone paradigm shift |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/army-day-2024-indian-army-anti-tank-warfare-capabilities-nag-helina-missiles-2488905-2024-01-15 |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=India Today |language=en}}
• {{flag|Indonesia}} - Indonesian Army: 276
• {{IRQ}} – Iraqi Army
• {{Flag| Kurdistan}} – Peshmerga: 30 launchers and 500 missiles, delivery in two portions was announced on 31 August 2014 by German Bundeswehr. These are 1980s Milan 2 replaced by later models but still in storage.{{cite news|url=http://www.bmvg.de/resource/resource/MzEzNTM4MmUzMzMyMmUzMTM1MzMyZTM2MzEzMDMwMzAzMDMwMzAzMDY4N2E2OTcyNmEzNjMwN2EyMDIwMjAyMDIw/2014-08-31%20Papier_Unterst%C3%BCtzung_E5_final.pdf|title=Unterstützung der Regierung der Autonomen Region Irakisch-Kurdistan bei der Versorgung der Flüchtlinge und beim Kampf gegen den Islamischen Staat im Nordirak (PDF)|date=31 August 2014|work=German Bundeswehr|language=de|access-date=1 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903180012/http://www.bmvg.de/resource/resource/MzEzNTM4MmUzMzMyMmUzMTM1MzMyZTM2MzEzMDMwMzAzMDMwMzAzMDY4N2E2OTcyNmEzNjMwN2EyMDIwMjAyMDIw/2014-08-31%2520Papier_Unterst%25C3%25BCtzung_E5_final.pdf|archive-date=3 September 2014|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/irak-deutschland-schickt-kurden-panzerabwehrraketen-a-989117.html|title=Irak: Deutschland schickt Kurden Panzerabwehrraketen|date=31 August 2014|work=Spiegel Online|language=de|access-date=31 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902193421/http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/irak-deutschland-schickt-kurden-panzerabwehrraketen-a-989117.html|archive-date=2 September 2014|url-status=live}} Used by the Kurds to stop ISIL vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices (VBIEDs).[http://www.military.com/daily-news/2015/11/16/french-american-weapons-take-toll-on-isis-in-ground-combat.html French, American Weapons Take Toll on ISIS in Ground Combat] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712124928/http://www.military.com/daily-news/2015/11/16/french-american-weapons-take-toll-on-isis-in-ground-combat.html |date=12 July 2017}} - Military.com, 16 November 2015
• {{ITA}} – Italian Army Total of 714 launchers with 17,163 missile delivered in 1990. 807 MILAN 2T ordered in 2004 and delivered in 2005 (SIPRI).{{cite web|url=http://www.revestito.it/?id1=101&idaux=101&wiki=Forze_armate_mondiali_dal_secondo_dopoguerra_al_XXI_secolo/Italia:_esercito_3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140423064933/http://www.revestito.it/?id1=101&idaux=101&wiki=Forze_armate_mondiali_dal_secondo_dopoguerra_al_XXI_secolo/Italia:_esercito_3|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 April 2014|title=Nasce " Revestito " a Messina. Una Rivista on line per tutti. Per tutti coloro che non tollerano più demagogia, privilegio, mistificazioni di poteri grossi o piccoli, che hanno messo alle strette l´umanità, la libertà, e soprattutto la dignità. Revestito ha significato ambivalente: non occorre che sia messo a nudo il re, per evento eccezionale, affinchè la natura delle cose in qualche misura si disveli. La trasparenza dovrebbe essere alla base di ogni consorzio civile e di ogni Stato di diritto che tale pretenda definirsi.|date=23 April 2014}}
• {{flag|Jordan}} - mounted on 45 AIFV-B-Milan vehicles: 358
• {{KEN}} – Kenyan Army: 483
• {{LBN}} – Lebanese Army: 362
• {{LBY}} – Libyan National Army: 1,000 MILAN-3 exported between 2008 and 2011,{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Highlights-EN.pdf|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Chapter-04-EN.pdf|chapter=Trade Update: After the ‘Arab Spring’|title=Small Arms Survey 2015: weapons and the world|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2015|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|ref={{harvid|Small Arms Survey 2015}}|page=102|access-date=29 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180128065841/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Highlights-EN.pdf|archive-date=28 January 2018|url-status=dead}} 400 systems in 2011.
• {{MKD}} – Army of the Republic of Macedonia: 126
• {{MRT}} – Mauritanian Army: 365
• {{MEX}} – Mexican Army: mounted on 8 Panhard VBL scout cars: 427
• {{MAR}} – Royal Moroccan Army: 367
• {{flag|Oman}} - Royal Army of Oman and Royal Household: 370
• {{POR}} – Portuguese Army; Portuguese Marines: 137
• {{flagicon image|Flag of Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK).svg}} PKK:{{cite magazine|title=Kampf gegen IS-Miliz: Ausrüstung der Bundeswehr möglicherweise in die Hände der PKK gelangt|url=http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/bundeswehr-waffen-moeglicherweise-in-haende-der-pkk-gelangt-a-1018355.html|access-date=14 February 2015|magazine=Der Spiegel|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215003434/http://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/bundeswehr-waffen-moeglicherweise-in-haende-der-pkk-gelangt-a-1018355.html|archive-date=15 February 2015|url-status=live}}
• {{flag|Saudi Arabia}} - Saudi Arabian Army: 373
• {{SEN}} - Senegalese Army: 496
• {{flag|Singapore}} - Singapore Army: 307
• {{RSA}} – South African Army: 375 missiles.{{cite web |url=http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |title=Trade Registers |publisher=Armstrade.sipri.org |access-date=20 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513073842/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php |archive-date=13 May 2011 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=http://mysite.mweb.co.za/residents/balowe/SADF%20Arms%20Purchases.htm |title=SADF Arms Purchases |author=B A Lowe |date=4 January 2009 |access-date=15 December 2016 |quote=75 MILAN launchers ordered in 1973 and delivered in 1974 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220220710/http://mysite.mweb.co.za/residents/balowe/SADF%20Arms%20Purchases.htm |archive-date=20 December 2016 |url-status=live}}

{{cite thesis |first=Victor |last=Moukambi |date=December 2008 |title=RELATIONS BETWEEN SOUTH AFRICA AND FRANCE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MILITARY MATTERS, 1960-1990 |degree=Doctoral dissertation |publisher=Military Science, Stellenbosch University |location=Stellenbosch |page=116 |url=http://scholar.sun.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10019.1/1228/moukambi_relations_2008.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |access-date=28 April 2017 |quote=In December 1973, it was reported that [Pretoria] signed a contract.. for the supply of 50 Matra 550 air-to-air missiles ..[and] a contract over the supply of 1500 Milan missiles. Source: French Defence Ministry; Historical Archives, Paris, Box No. 14 S 295, Monthly report of the French Military Attaché in South Africa, Imports from France, November 1973. Report of the French Military Attaché in South Africa, November 1973. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170428052500/http://scholar.sun.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10019.1/1228/moukambi_relations_2008.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |archive-date=28 April 2017 |url-status=live}}

{{cite web |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=452 |title=SANDF Army, SOF "operationalising" MILAN |author=Leon Engelbrecht |date=8 October 2008 |access-date=15 December 2016 |quote=The launchers were received in 1974, but were placed in storage in 1996. SA employed the MILAN in combat in southern Angola in the 1980s. Under Project Kingfisher, 30 launchers were upgraded to Milan ADT-ER status and 300 missiles were acquired for R167.4 million. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220182122/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=452 |archive-date=20 December 2016 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=452 |title=SA Army stocks up on Milan 3 |author=Leon Engelbrecht |date=24 May 2011 |access-date=15 December 2016 |quote=The SANDF has ordered an undisclosed further number of Milan missiles..The R57 990 630.80 purchase order was awarded to Euromissile [sic] last week. It takes the known value of Project Kingfisher – according to the Armscor Bulletin System (ABS) – to R271 076 483.37...The Kingfisher contract was placed on December 20, 2006, and initially escaped media notice. In March 2009 the military ordered a further 13 Milan ADT firing posts and four simulators under a contract worth €10.7 million (about R129.3 million at then exchange rates, but R81.5 million on the ABS. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220182122/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=452 |archive-date=20 December 2016 |url-status=live}}

• {{SYR}} – Syrian Army: 377
• {{flagicon|Syria|1932}} Free Syrian Army: Some captured.{{cite web|url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/august_2013_defense_industry_military_army_news_uk/syrian_rebels_captured_ammunition_depot_with_milan_konkurs_anti-tank_missiles_and_rockets_0508132.html|title= Syrian rebels captured ammunition depot with Milan / Konkurs anti-tank missiles and rockets|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130810035217/http://www.armyrecognition.com/august_2013_defense_industry_military_army_news_uk/syrian_rebels_captured_ammunition_depot_with_milan_konkurs_anti-tank_missiles_and_rockets_0508132.html |archive-date=10 August 2013 |website=Armyrecognition.com|date=5 August 2013}}
• {{flagicon image|People's Protection Units Flag.svg|border=}} YPG
• {{flag|Islamic State}}
• {{TUN}} – Tunisian Armed Forces: 120 missiles.
• {{TUR}} – Turkish Army: 154
• {{UKR}}: some donated by France to support the Ukrainian army in war against Russia.{{cite news |last1=Follorou |first1=Jacques |title=La France livre des missiles antichars Milan à l'Ukraine |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2022/03/09/la-france-livre-des-missiles-antichars-milan-a-l-ukraine_6116758_3210.html |newspaper=Le Monde.fr |date=9 March 2022 |access-date=13 April 2022}}
• {{UAE}}: 381
• {{URU}} – Uruguayan Army: 438
• {{YEM}} – Yemeni Armed forces

• {{flag|Australia}} – Australian Army: Was used by infantry and mounted on vehicles. The Australian Army withdrew the MILAN from service in the early 1990s. The ADF now fields the FGM-148 Javelin system.
• {{flag|Belgium}} – Belgian Army: Infantry weapon; replaced by Spike-LR in 2014[http://www.armyrecognition.com/january_2013_army_military_defense_industry_news/belgium_selects_the_spike_missile_of_eurospike_to_replace_its_anti-tank_missiles_milan_0301131.html Belgium selects Spike missile to replace Milan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629110611/http://www.armyrecognition.com/january_2013_army_military_defense_industry_news/belgium_selects_the_spike_missile_of_eurospike_to_replace_its_anti-tank_missiles_milan_0301131.html |date=29 June 2017}} – Armyrecognition.com, 3 January 2013
• {{EST}} – Estonian Defence Forces[https://www.kaitseinvesteeringud.ee/en/the-estonian-defence-forces-and-the-estonian-defence-league-will-improve-their-antitank-armament/ The Estonian Defence Forces and the Estonian Defence League will improve their antitank armament]. Centre for Defence Investments. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
• {{IRL}} – Irish Army: Infantry weapon; replaced by the FGM-148 Javelin.
• {{QAT}}{{Cite journal |author=International Institute for Strategic Studies |author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |year=2019 |title=Chapter Seven: Middle East and North Africa |journal=The Military Balance |volume=119 |issue=1 |page=364 |doi=10.1080/04597222.2018.1561033|s2cid=219628874}}
• {{flag|Somalia}} - imported in 1978-1979{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-10-EN.pdf|chapter=Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia|title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2012|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|pages=339–340|isbn=978-0-521-19714-4|access-date=30 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|archive-date=31 August 2018|url-status=dead}}
• {{ESP}} – Spanish Army{{Cite journal |author=International Institute for Strategic Studies |author-link=International Institute for Strategic Studies |year=2015 |title=Chapter Seven: Middle East and North Africa |journal=The Military Balance |volume=115 |issue=1 |page=136 |doi=10.1080/04597222.2015.996348|s2cid=219628714}}
• {{flagicon image|Flag of UNITA.svg}} UNITA: 150 missiles.
• {{flag|United Kingdom}} – British Army; Royal Marines – While primarily an infantry weapon, it was also used in the FV120 Spartan MCT turret. Over 50,000 missiles were purchased for use in the British Armed Forces. The MILAN was deployed against Argentine bunkers in the Falklands conflict{{cite web|url=http://britains-smallwars.com/Falklands/b-weapons.htm#milan |title=British Land Weapons and Vehicles |website=www.britains-smallwars.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051202093233/http://www.britains-smallwars.com/Falklands/b-weapons.htm |archive-date=2 December 2005}} and later against T-55s during the Persian Gulf War.Zaloga (2004), p. 36. It was replaced by the FGM-148 Javelin in mid-2005. Previously made under licence by British Aerospace Dynamics.{{cite web|url=http://www.armedforces.co.uk/army/listings/l0040.html|title=British Army - The Infantry - Milan 2 - Armed Forces - a5a14|website=www.armedforces.co.uk|access-date=1 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080319015323/http://www.armedforces.co.uk/army/listings/l0040.html|archive-date=19 March 2008|url-status=live}}

• {{lwc|Akeron MP}}
• {{lwc|Eryx (missile)|Eryx}}
• {{lwc|HOT (missile)|HOT}}
• {{lwc|BGM-71 TOW}}
• {{lwc|HJ-8}}

;Notes

{{Reflist}}

{{commons category|MILAN (Anti-tank weapon)|MILAN}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928055736/http://www.mbda-systems.com/mbda/site/FO/scripts/siteFO_contenu.php?lang=EN&noeu_id=169 Technical data sheet on the website of MBDA]
• [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/milan.htm GlobalSecurity.org]
• [http://www.armedforces.co.uk/army/listings/l0040.html Information about The British Army's MILAN 2]

;Video link

• {{YouTube|zmRfe09g9JM|British army MILAN training video}}

{{Current French infantry weapons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Milan}}

Category:Anti-tank guided missiles of France

Category:Anti-tank guided missiles of Germany

Category:Anti-tank guided missiles of the Cold War

Category:Cold War weapons of Germany

Category:France–Germany military relations

Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1970s

Category:Wire-guided missiles