MRPS21

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}

28S ribosomal protein S21, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS21 gene.{{cite journal |vauthors=Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, Magoori M, Kuniba M, Higa S, Watanabe K, Tanaka T | title = The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders | journal = Genomics | volume = 77 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 65–70 |date=September 2001 | pmid = 11543634 | doi = 10.1006/geno.2001.6622 }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, Moseley A, Spremulli LL | title = The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 276 | issue = 22 | pages = 19363–74 |date=June 2001 | pmid = 11279123 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M100727200 | doi-access = free }}

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and assist protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that belongs to the ribosomal protein S21P family. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 1p, 1q, 9p, 10p, 10q, 16q, and 17q.{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang Z, Gerstein M | title = Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome | journal = Genomics | volume = 81 | issue = 5 | pages = 468–80 |date=May 2003 | pmid = 12706105 | doi = 10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1}} Available sequence data analyses identified splice variants that differ in the 5' UTR; both transcripts encode the same protein.{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: MRPS21 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S21| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=54460}}

References

{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS |title=The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Wagner L | author3=Feingold EA | display-authors=3 | last4=Shenmen | first4=CM | last5=Grouse | first5=LH | last6=Schuler | first6=G | last7=Klein | first7=SL | last8=Old | first8=S | last9=Rasooly | first9=R }}

{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang Z, Gerstein M |title=Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome |journal=Genomics |volume=81 |issue= 5 |pages= 468–80 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12706105 |doi=10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1 }}
{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Feingold EA | author3=Grouse LH | display-authors=3 | last4=Derge | first4=JG | last5=Klausner | first5=RD | last6=Collins | first6=FS | last7=Wagner | first7=L | last8=Shenmen | first8=CM | last9=Schuler | first9=GD |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |doi-access=free }}
{{cite journal | author=Kenmochi N |title=The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders |journal=Genomics |volume=77 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 65–70 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11543634 |doi= 10.1006/geno.2001.6622 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Suzuki T | author3=Uechi T | display-authors=3 | last4=Magoori | first4=Mika | last5=Kuniba | first5=Mariko | last6=Higa | first6=Sayomi | last7=Watanabe | first7=Kimitsuna | last8=Tanaka | first8=Tatsuo }}
{{cite journal | author=Suzuki T |title=Proteomic analysis of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of protein components in the 28 S small subunit |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 35 |pages= 33181–95 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11402041 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M103236200 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Terasaki M | author3=Takemoto-Hori C | display-authors=3 | last4=Hanada | first4=T | last5=Ueda | first5=T | last6=Wada | first6=A | last7=Watanabe | first7=K | doi-access=free }}
{{cite journal | author=Cavdar Koc E |title=The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 22 |pages= 19363–74 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11279123 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M100727200 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Burkhart W | author3=Blackburn K | display-authors=3 | last4=Moseley | first4=A | last5=Spremulli | first5=LL |doi-access=free }}
{{cite journal | author=Yu W |title=Large-Scale Concatenation cDNA Sequencing |journal=Genome Res. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 353–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9110174 |doi= 10.1101/gr.7.4.353| pmc=139146 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Andersson B | author3=Worley KC | display-authors=3 | last4=Muzny | first4=DM | last5=Ding | first5=Y | last6=Liu | first6=W | last7=Ricafrente | first7=JY | last8=Wentland | first8=MA | last9=Lennon | first9=G }}
{{cite journal | author=Andersson B |title=A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction |journal=Anal. Biochem. |volume=236 |issue= 1 |pages= 107–13 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8619474 |doi= 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 |name-list-style=vanc| author2=Wentland MA | author3=Ricafrente JY | display-authors=3 | last4=Liu | first4=W | last5=Gibbs | first5=RA }}

Category:Ribosomal proteins

MRPS21

References

Further reading