MV Robert Ley
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{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=Bundesarchiv Bild 147-1215, Kdf-Schiff "Robert Ley".jpg |Ship caption=KdF ship Robert Ley before its maiden voyage, March 1939 }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship name=Robert Ley |Ship namesake=Robert Ley |Ship country=Germany |Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Nazi Germany|merchant}} |Ship owner=Deutsche Arbeitsfront |Ship operator=Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft (HAPAG) |Ship registry= Hamburg, Germany |Ship route= |Ship ordered= |Ship builder=Howaldtswerke Hamburg |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number=754 |Ship way number= |Ship laid down=1 May 1936 |Ship launched=29 March 1938 |Ship completed= |Ship christened= |Ship acquired=24 March 1939 |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship in service= |Ship out of service= |Ship identification= |Ship fate=Requisitioned into the Kriegsmarine on 25 August 1939 |Ship notes= }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header=title |Ship country=Nazi Germany |Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Nazi Germany|naval}} |Ship name=Robert Ley / Lazarettschiff B |Ship operator=Kriegsmarine (German navy) |Ship acquired=25 August 1939 |Ship out of service=March 1945 |Ship identification= |Ship fate=Bombed at Hamburg 9 March 1945 |Ship notes=Used as floating barracks and as a hospital ship }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class=Cruise ship |Ship tonnage=27,288 GRT |Ship length={{convert|203.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{convert|24.1|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship height= {{convert|20.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship draught={{convert|7.56|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |Ship depth= |Ship decks= |Ship power={{convert|8800|hp|kW|abbr=on|lk=in}} |Ship propulsion=*Six MAN 2-stroke 6-cylinder diesels driving electric generators |Ship speed={{convert|15.5|kn|lk=in|abbr=on}} |Ship range= |Ship capacity=*1,510 passengers |Ship crew=*435 |Ship armament= |Ship notes= }} |
MV Robert Ley was a cruise ship of the Nazi Party leisure organization Kraft durch Freude (Strength Through Joy). She was considered the flagship of the KDF fleet.
History
=Construction and equipment=
The ship, which was named after the Nazi politician Robert Ley, was designed exclusively for cruises. The keel was laid on behalf of the Nazi organisation Deutsche Arbeitsfront (German Labour Front) at Howaldtswerke Hamburg. Robert Ley was owned by the DAF and was managed, crewed and maintained by the Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft (HAPAG).
The interior design was commissioned by architect Woldemar Brinkmann. Accommodation on board the ship was single-class in 463 two- and four-bed cabins. Additionally, two 30-bed dormitories were for members of Nazi youth organizations. There was a single luxury suite referred to as the Apartment for Adolf Hitler, though he never used it. Unusually, the crew accommodation was built to the same standard as that for the passengers.{{Cite book |last=Schwerdtner |first=Nils |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1302092484 |title=German luxury ocean liners : from Kaiser Wilhelm der Gross to AIDAstella |chapter=7|date=2013 |isbn=978-1-4456-1471-7 |location=Stroud |oclc=1302092484}}
The launch took place on 29 March 1938 in the presence of Adolf Hitler. The commissioning took place on 24 March 1939.[http://www.thegreatoceanliners.com/robertley.html The Great Ocean Liners: Robert Ley 1939 - 1947]
The ship was designed for about 1750 passengers in addition to the crew members.
The decks of Robert Ley consisted of:
- Command bridge (with cabins for captain and officers)
- Sundeck (with library)
- Boat deck (with cabins and small lounges)
- Promenade deck (with the main company rooms)
- A-deck (with cabins, dining rooms with 860 seats and utility rooms)
- B deck (with cabins, laundry and hairdresser)
- C-deck (with cabins, bakery and butchery) (bulkhead deck)
- D-deck (with cabins, hospital, dining room for crew and workshop)
- E-deck (with cabins)
- F-deck (with swimming pool, luggage room, supplies and provisions, laundry, machine and auxiliary machinery room)
=Use until 1945=
Until the beginning of World War II on 1 September 1939, Robert Ley was used as a cruise ship for the Strength Through Joy (Kraft durch Freude) organisation.
In May 1939, she sailed together with the KdF ships Wilhelm Gustloff, Stuttgart, Der Deutsche and Sierra Cordoba and the ship Oceana to Vigo, Spain, where the fleet arrived on 24 May and unloaded medical and other materials for the nationalist government. On 26 May, the troops of the Condor Legion came on board, 1416 men on the Robert Ley, returning to Hamburg on 30 May.
Shortly before the beginning of the Second World War, Robert Ley was taken over on 25 August 1939 as a hospital ship by the Kriegsmarine and converted accordingly in Hamburg. Due to a lack of demand, she was decommissioned on 22 November 1939 as a hospital ship and instead, after further conversion was used as living quarters of the 1st Submarine Training Division in Neustadt, assigned from July 1941 at Pillau. From the end of July 1944 she was used as a casualty transport ship in the Baltic Sea, then from September 1944 again as an accommodation ship, this time for the 1st Submarine Training Division in Hamburg-Finkenwerder. After the breakthrough of the Red Army on the Eastern Front, Robert Ley was used in Operation Hannibal for the evacuation of civilians and wounded from East Prussia. She left Pillau on 25 January 1945.
=Fate=
File:MV Robert Ley 1045 342-C-K-004102 001.jpg
On 9 March 1945, Robert Ley was in the Port of Hamburg during an air raid on the city by the Royal Air Force. The ship received several bomb hits and burned out completely. The still-floating wreck was still in the harbour basin until June 1947, when it was towed to the UK and scrapped by ship breakers Thos. W. Ward at Inverkeithing.[https://marpubs.com/9th-march-1945-hamburg-bombing-raid-hits-robert-ley/ marpubs: 9TH MARCH 1945, HAMBURG BOMBING RAID HITS ROBERT LEY]
References
;Citations
{{reflist}}
;Bibliography
- R. Kiene: Robert Ley - Das Flaggschiff der KdF-Flotte. VDI Bd. 83
- Claus Rothe: Deutsche Passagierschiffe 1919 bis 1982. 1. Auflage. transpress VEB Verlag für Verkehrswesen, Berlin 1987.
- Heinz Schön: Fahrgastschiff „Robert Ley“. Ein KdF-Schiff im Frieden und Krieg. In: Reihe SMS – Schiffe, Menschen, Schicksale. Heft Nr. 133, Verlag Rudolf Stade, Kiel 2002.
External links
{{Commons category|Robert Ley (ship, 1939)|Robert Ley}}
- [http://www.wilhelmgustloffmuseum.com/robert_ley_-_39-45.html Wilhelm Gustloff Museum: E.S. Robert Ley - Sister ship to the Wilhelm Gustloff]
- [http://www.seefunknetz.de/djzi.htm Radio station on the Robert Ley]
{{March 1945 shipwrecks}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Robert Ley}}
Category:Cruise ships of Germany
Category:Ships built in Hamburg