Ma'dhar

Ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here.Dauphin, 1998, pp. 729–730

The Crusaders referred to Ma'dhar as Kapharmater.Khalidi, 1992, p. 528

Ma'dhar was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517, and by 1596, it was a village under the administration of the nahiya ("subdistrict") of Tiberias, part of Safad Sanjak. The village had a population of 17 households, an estimated 94 inhabitants, all Muslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on wheat, barley, goats, beehives and orchards; a total of 2,000 Akçe.Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 190. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 528Note that Rhode, 1979, p. [https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century 6] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420031504/https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century |date=2019-04-20 }} writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9 A map from Napoleon's invasion of 1799 by Pierre Jacotin showed the place, named as Chara, but misplaced.Karmon, 1960, p. [http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf 167] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf |date=2019-12-22 }}.

In the late 19th century, Ma'dhar was one of several villages settled by Algerian migrants under the auspices of the Ottoman Empire. The settlers belonged to the tribe of Awlad Sidi Khaled and Sidi Amr, who migrated from Oued El Berdi and Bouïra, in Algeria.

In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described the village as having about 250 Muslim residents, in a village made of basalt and other stone. Water was supplied from cisterns and springs.Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/361/mode/1up 361]. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 528

A population list from about 1887 showed Madher to have about 975 inhabitants; all Muslims.Schumacher, 1888, p. [https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme19pale#page/n211/mode/1up 186]

At the time of the 1922 census of Palestine, Madhar had a population of 347 Muslims,Barron, 1923, Table XI, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n41/mode/1up 39] increasing slightly to 359 Muslims living in 91 houses by the 1931 census.Mills, 1932, p.[https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 83]

By the 1945 statistics, the village population was 480 Muslims, and the total land area was 11,666 dunums of land. 498 dunams were irrigated or used for orchards, 10,766 used for cereals,Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Tiberias/Page-122.jpg 122] while 63 dunams were built-up (urban) land.Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Tiberias/Page-172.jpg 172]

Ma'dhar had a school founded by the Ottomans, but closed during the British Mandate period. Ma'dhar contained a mosque and still has the ruins of a church, a burial ground, and ruined Crusader fortress called Casel de Cherio.

In 1992, the village site was described: "The site has been fenced in and is used as an Israeli grazing area. A large cluster of cactus grows in the midst of the stone rubble of houses, and there is a well, capped with a pump, in the center of the site. About 20 m to the west of the well is a drinking trough for animals. Eucalyptus, doum palm, and chinaberry trees grow on the site."

{{reflist|25em}}

{{refbegin}}

• {{cite book

| editor =Barron, J. B.

| title =Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 | url =https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 | publisher =Government of Palestine | year =1923 }}

• {{cite book

|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|author-link1=Claude Reignier Conder

|last2=Kitchener|first2=H. H.|author-link2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener

|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp01conduoft

|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London

|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund

|volume=1}}

• {{cite book

| last = Dauphin | first = C. | author-link = Claudine Dauphin

| title = La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FC1mAAAAMAAJ | volume = III : Catalogue | series = BAR International Series 726 | year = 1998 | publisher = Archeopress | location = Oxford

| language = fr | isbn = 0-860549-05-4 }}

• {{cite book

|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945

|url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Department of Statistics|year=1945

|publisher=Government of Palestine}}

• {{cite book

|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine

|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html

|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi

|year=1970

|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}

• {{cite book

|last1=Hütteroth |first1=W.-D.|author-link1=Wolf-Dieter Hütteroth

|last2=Abdulfattah|first2=K. |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah

|title=Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ |year=1977 |publisher=Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft |isbn=3-920405-41-2 }}

• {{cite journal

|author = Karmon, Y.

|title = An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine|url = http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|journal = Israel Exploration Journal|volume = 10|issue = 3,4|year = 1960|pages = 155–173; 244–253|access-date = 2015-04-22|archive-date = 2019-12-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|url-status = dead}}

• {{cite book

|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ

|first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi

|year=1992|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=Institute for Palestine Studies

|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}

• {{cite book

| editor = Mills, E.

| title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas

| url = https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem

| year = 1932 }}

• {{cite book

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C

|first=B. |last=Morris |author-link=Benny Morris

|year=2004

|title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited |isbn=978-0-521-00967-6 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}

• {{cite book

|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer

|year=1881

|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft

|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer

|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}}

• {{cite book

|last=Rhode|first=H.|author-link=Harold Rhode

|date=1979

|url=https://www.academia.edu/2026845|title=Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century

|publisher=Columbia University|access-date=2017-11-03|archive-date=2020-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301141739/https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century|url-status=dead}}

• {{cite journal

| last = Schumacher | first = G. | author-link = Gottlieb Schumacher

| title = Population list of the Liwa of Akka

| journal = Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 20 | pages = 169–191

| url = https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale

| year = 1888 }}

• {{cite book

|last=Thomson|first=W.M.|author-link=William McClure Thomson

|title=The Land and the Book: Or, Biblical Illustrations Drawn from the Manners and Customs, the Scenes and Scenery, of the Holy Land: Central Palestine and Phænicia

|url=https://archive.org/details/landbookorbiblic02thom|volume=2|publisher=Harper & brothers|location=New York|year=1882}} (Thomson, 1882, p. [https://archive.org/stream/landbookorbiblic02thom#page/329/mode/1up 329])

{{refend}}

• [http://www.palestineremembered.com/Tiberias/Ma'dhar/index.html Welcome To Ma'dhar]
• [http://www.zochrot.org/en/village/49279 Ma'dhar], Zochrot
• Survey of Western Palestine, Map 6: [https://web.archive.org/web/20150627182059/http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8369 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.06.jpg Wikimedia commons]

{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}

Category:Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War

Category:District of Tiberias