Ma Fuyuan

{{short description|20th-century Chinese Muslim general}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}

{{Infobox military person

| name = Ma Fuyuan
馬福元

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| birth_place = Gansu, China

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| allegiance = {{CHN-ROC}}

| branch = Army

| serviceyears = 1929–1937

| rank = General

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| unit = New 36th Division

| commands = New 36th Division

| battles = Kumul Rebellion
Battle of Kashgar (1934)
Battle of Yarkand
Battle of Yangi Hissar

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{{family name hatnote|Ma|lang=Chinese}}

Ma Fuyuan ({{zh|s=马福元 |t=馬福元 |p=Mǎ Fúyuán |w=Ma Fu-yüan}}) was a Chinese Muslim general of the New 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army), who served under Generals Ma Zhongying and Ma Hushan. He was present with Ma Zhongying, Ma Shih-ming, Ma Shih-lu, and Ma Ho-ying during a meeting with Yulbars Khan. He fought against Uighur and Kirghiz rebels of the First East Turkestan Republic and against the pro-Soviet Uighur Khoja Niyaz at Aksu, driving Khoja Niyaz to Kashgar.{{cite news |title=REPULSE REBELS AFTER SIX DAYS|author=AP |newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle|date=1 February 1934|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=H34SAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7vQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4906,16349&dq=tungan&hl=en}} He and General Ma Zhancang destroyed the First East Turkestan Republic after defeating Uighur and Kirghiz fighters at the Battle of Kashgar (1934), Battle of Yarkand, and Battle of Yangi Hissar{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&dq=Ma+Fu-yuan+responsible+for+looting+and+massacres+in+both+kashgar&pg=PA245|title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949|author=Andrew D. W. Forbes|year=1986|publisher=CUP Archive|location=Cambridge, England|isbn=0-521-25514-7|page=246|access-date=28 June 2010}}{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GXj4a3gss8wC&dq=ma+zhongying+idgah&pg=PA79|title=Xinjiang: China's Muslim borderland|author=S. Frederick Starr|year=2004|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|isbn=0-7656-1318-2|page=79|access-date=28 June 2010}} Several British citizens at the British consulate were killed by the new 36th division.{{cite news|title=TUNGAN RAIDERS MASSACRE 2,000|author=AP|newspaper=The Miami News|date=17 March 1934|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rlEtAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RNUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2598,5980247&dq=tungan&hl=en|access-date=21 September 2016|archive-date=26 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926165238/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rlEtAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RNUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2598,5980247&dq=tungan&hl=en|url-status=dead}}{{cite news |title=TUNGANS SACK KASHGAR CITY, SLAYING 2,000|author=Associated Press Cable |newspaper=The Montreal Gazette|date=17 March 1934|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=vy0rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EZkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6105,2241969&dq=tungan&hl=en}}{{cite news |title=British Officials and 2,000 Natives Slain At Kashgar, on Western Border of China|author=The Associated Press|newspaper=The New York Times|date=17 March 1934|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0915F73A59167A93C5A81788D85F408385F9}}{{cite news |title=2000 Killed In Massacre|author=AP|newspaper=San Jose News|date=17 March 1934|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PyYiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_6MFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4719,6427362&dq=tungan&hl=en}} After entering Kashgar, Ma publicly proclaimed his allegiance to the Republic of China government in Nanjing and announced that Ma Shaowu was reappointed as the Taoyin of Kashgar.