Madison County, Indiana#References

{{Infobox U.S. county

| county = Madison County

| state = Indiana

| flag = Flag of Madison County, Indiana.svg

| seal = Seal of Madison County, Indiana.svg

| founded = January 4, 1823 (authorized)

| seat wl = Anderson

| largest city = Anderson

| area_total_sq_mi = 452.90

| area_land_sq_mi = 451.92

| area_water_sq_mi = 0.99

| area percentage = 0.22%

| census yr = 2020

| pop = 130129

| pop_est_as_of = 2025

| population_est = 134765 {{gain}}

| density_sq_mi = auto

| web = www.madisoncty.com

| district = 5th

| footnotes = Indiana county number 48

| ex image = Madison County Courthouse in Anderson.jpg

| ex image cap = Madison County Courthouse in Anderson

| named for = James Madison

| time zone = Eastern }}

Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. The 2020 census states the population is standing at 130,129.{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=https://www.indiana-demographics.com/madison-county-demographics#pid=PEP_2018_PEPANNRES&prodType=table|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214061229/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=PEP_2018_PEPANNRES&prodType=table|archive-date=February 14, 2020|access-date=January 29, 2022|website=US Census Bureau|publisher=US Census Bureau}} The county seat since 1836 has been Anderson,{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}{{sfn|Harden|1874|p= 23}} one of three incorporated cities within the county. Madison County is included in the Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

File:Madison County - DPLA - a26899f5931d8a77020facbb955d8c82.jpg

In 1787, the fledgling United States defined the Northwest Territory, which included the area of present-day Indiana. In 1800, Congress separated Ohio from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the Indiana Territory. President Thomas Jefferson chose William Henry Harrison as the territory's first governor, and Vincennes was established as the territorial capital.{{sfn|Brill|2005|p=35}} After the Michigan Territory was separated and the Illinois Territory was formed, Indiana was reduced to its current size and geography.{{cite web|title=Government at Crossroads: An Indiana chronology|website=The Herald Bulletin|date=January 5, 2008|url=http://www.heraldbulletin.com/news/local_news/government-at-crossroads-an-indiana-chronology/article_3a07aa44-1cd4-5028-82e7-96b907121b31.html?mode=jqm|access-date=July 22, 2009}} By December 1816 the Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as a state.

Starting in 1794, Native American titles to Indiana lands were extinguished by usurpation, purchase, or war and treaty. The United States acquired land from the Native Americans in the 1809 treaty of Fort Wayne, and by the treaty of St. Mary's in 1818 considerably more territory became property of the government. This included the future Madison County, which was authorized by the state legislature on January 4, 1823, designating areas covered by the Delaware New Purchase. No settler was allowed in the area until the government survey was completed in 1820, and in 1820 the first settlers entered the future county.{{sfn|Harden|1874|p=17}}

The new county was named for James Madison, co-author of The Federalist Papers and the fourth President of the United States (1809 to 1817).{{cite book|last=Gannett|first=Henry|title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ|year=1905|publisher=US Government Printing Office|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n195 196]}} The then-small settlement of Pendleton was named as the county, but its non-central location soon fostered a desire for a more central location as the county seat. After considerable local competition, the town of Anderson was platted in 1827 on donated land with the stipulation that the seat be moved to that location. This move began in 1828 and was completed by 1836.{{sfn|Harden|1874|p=23}}

The new county was completely wooded in 1820, with stands of white oak, poplar, walnut, sycamore, oak, and fir trees.{{sfn|Harden|1874|pp=21–22}} The settlers logged much of the area and cleared the remainder through burning; at present its terrain is completely devoted to agriculture or urban development, except for stands of brush in drainages.[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Madison+County,+IN/@40.1618865,-85.859643,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8814dec2ed65daaf:0x5192868e23c3fac4!8m2!3d40.1469349!4d-85.684578 Madison County IN (Google Maps, accessed 10 September 2020)]

The county's first courthouse was authorized in the county's 1828 session, but this authorization was revoked in 1829. In 1831 a second authorization was passed, and the completed building was placed in service the following year.{{sfn|Harden|1874|pp=27–28}}

During the Indiana gas boom, natural gas deposits were discovered in the county in 1887, at Alexandria, and Anderson. The offer of free natural gas brought several factories to the county.{{sfn|Glass|Kohrman|2005|pp=33–40}}

Geography

The county's terrain is nearly flat, with the exception of hilly areas along the White River and Fall Creek. The highest terrain (around {{convert|1,010|ft|m|abbr=off|disp=x|/|sp=us}} ASL) is a ridgeline at the county's SE corner.[https://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=22987 Madison County High Point, Indiana (PeakBagger.com, accessed 10 September 2020)] The county is drained by the west branch of the White River, flowing west-southwestward through the county's lower central portion. Other drainages include Fall Creek, flowing west- and southwestward through the southern part of the county; Pipe Creek, which rises in Delaware County and flows southwestward through the county's NW corner; and Lick Creek, which rises in Henry County and flows westward through the county's SW portion.

According to the 2010 United States Census, the county has a total area of {{convert|452.90|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|451.92|sqmi}} (or 99.78%) is land and {{convert|0.99|sqmi}} (or 0.22%) is water.

=Adjacent counties=

Grant County - north
Delaware County - east
Henry County - southeast
Hancock County - south
Hamilton County - west
Tipton County - northwest

=Protected areas=

Mounds State Park

=Cities=

Image:Anderson-indiana-from-above.jpg

Alexandria
Anderson (county seat)
Elwood (part)

=Towns=

=Unincorporated towns=

Alfont
Alliance
College Corner[https://www.google.com/maps/place/College+Corner,+Duck+Creek+Township,+IN+46036/@40.3058877,-85.8506797,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8814e9509e74781f:0x796e6853a4a8789b!8m2!3d40.3058722!4d-85.8419249 College Corner, Duck Creek Township IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)]
Dundee
Edgewood Village[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Edgewood+Village,+Stony+Creek+Township,+IN+46011/@40.1014452,-85.7617876,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8814dadba4e3bac7:0xf40636dde045fe97!8m2!3d40.1014296!4d-85.7530328 Edgewood Village, Stony Creek Township IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)]
Emporia
Fishersburg
Florida
Gimco City[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Gimco+City,+Alexandria,+IN+46001/@40.2583893,-85.6926196,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8814e0cd4597a155:0xc9eb9863a24a2aef!8m2!3d40.2583738!4d-85.6838648 Gimco City, Alexandria IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)]
Hamilton
Hardscrabble
Huntsville
Idlewold[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Idlewold,+Pendleton,+IN+46064/@39.9861681,-85.7615099,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8814d1f623b1d527:0x5610d0abcb9749a8!8m2!3d39.9861525!4d-85.7527551 Idlewold, Pendleton IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)]
Leisure
Linwood
Moonville
North Anderson
Ovid (also known as New Columbus)
Perkinsville
Prosperity
Rigdon
South Elwood[https://www.google.com/maps/place/South+Elwood,+Elwood,+IN+46036/@40.2625544,-85.8509571,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x8814e98f1f8c8fdf:0x63e4aea8a8e29f29!8m2!3d40.2625389!4d-85.8422023 South Elwood, Elwood IN (Google Maps, accessed 12 September 2020)]

=Townships=

=Major highways=

=Railroads=

Climate and weather

{{climate chart

|Anderson, Indiana

|18|33|2.09

|23|38|2.28

|32|49|3.24

|41|61|3.84

|51|72|4.08

|60|80|4.21

|64|84|4.28

|62|82|3.43

|55|75|2.95

|44|64|2.77

|35|50|3.68

|24|37|2.97

|float=right

|units=imperial

|clear=both

|source=The Weather Channel{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIN0010|title=Monthly Averages for Anderson IN|access-date=January 27, 2011|publisher=The Weather Channel}}}}

In recent years, average temperatures in Anderson have ranged from a low of {{convert|18|°F}} in January to a high of {{convert|84|°F}} in July, although a record low of {{convert|-24|°F}} was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of {{convert|105|°F}} was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from {{convert|2.09|in}} in January to {{convert|4.28|in}} in July.

Government

File:2020 United States presidential election in Madison County, Indiana, by precinct.svg by precinct
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The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.{{cite web|author=Indiana Code|author-link=Indiana Code|url=http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title36/ar2/ch3.html|title=Title 36, Article 2, Section 3|access-date=September 16, 2008|publisher=IN.gov}}{{cite web|author=Indiana Code|url=http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title3/ar10/ch2.pdf|title=Title 2, Article 10, Section 2|access-date=September 16, 2008|publisher=IN.gov}}

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.

Court: The county maintains a small claims court that handles civil cases. The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. The judge is assisted by a constable who is also elected to a four-year term. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.

County Officials: The county has other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. These officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.

Madison County is part of Indiana's 5th congressional district; Indiana Senate districts 20, 25 and 26;{{cite web|url=http://www.in.gov/sos/elections/3006.htm|title=Indiana Senate Districts|publisher=State of Indiana|access-date=July 14, 2011}} and Indiana House of Representatives districts 35, 36 and 37.{{cite web|url=http://www.in.gov/sos/elections/3005.htm|title=Indiana House Districts|publisher=State of Indiana|access-date=July 14, 2011}}

{{PresHead|place=Madison County, Indiana|source1={{cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Atlas of US Presidential Elections|first=David|last=Leip|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=April 8, 2018}}|source2=The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 4,751 votes, while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs received 1,947 votes, Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin received 455 votes, and Socialist Labor candidate Arthur Reimer received 157 votes.}}

Demographics

{{US Census population

|1830= 2238

|1840= 8874

|1850= 12375

|1860= 16518

|1870= 22770

|1880= 27527

|1890= 36487

|1900= 70470

|1910= 65224

|1920= 69151

|1930= 82888

|1940= 88575

|1950= 103911

|1960= 125819

|1970= 138451

|1980= 139336

|1990= 130669

|2000= 133358

|2010= 131636

|2020= 130129

|estyear=2025

|estimate=134765

|estref={{cite web|url=https://www.indiana-demographics.com/madison-county-demographics|title=Madison County Demographic Statistics|publisher=Indiana Demographics by Cubit|accessdate=January 29, 2025}}

|align-fn=center

|footnote=US Decennial Census{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=US Decennial Census|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=July 10, 2014}}
1790-1960{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=July 10, 2014}} 1900-1990{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/in190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=July 10, 2014}}
1990-2000{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=US Census Bureau|access-date=July 10, 2014}} 2010-2019

}}

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 131,636 people, 51,927 households, and 34,319 families in the county.{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US18095|title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data|access-date=July 10, 2015|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213020619/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US18095|archive-date=February 13, 2020|url-status=dead}} The population density was {{convert|291.3|PD/sqmi}}. There were 59,068 housing units at an average density of {{convert|130.7|/sqmi}}.{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US18095|access-date=July 10, 2015|title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212204455/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US18095|archive-date=February 12, 2020|url-status=dead}} The racial makeup of the county was 87.7% white, 8.3% black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 1.5% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 3.2% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 21.5% were German, 12.5% were American, 11.5% were Irish, and 10.4% were English.{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0400000US18%7c0500000US18095|title=Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|access-date=July 10, 2015|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214002655/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0400000US18%7C0500000US18095|archive-date=February 14, 2020|url-status=dead}}

Of the 51,927 households, 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.9% were non-families, and 28.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.93. The median age was 39.2 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $53,906. Males had a median income of $41,834 versus $31,743 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,722. About 11.2% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.6% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0400000US18%7c0500000US18095|title=Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates|access-date=July 10, 2015|publisher=US Census Bureau|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214002809/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0400000US18%7C0500000US18095|archive-date=February 14, 2020|url-status=dead}}

Education

School districts include:{{cite map|author=Geography Division|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st18_in/schooldistrict_maps/c18095_madison/DC20SD_C18095.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Madison County, IN|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|date=December 18, 2020|accessdate=July 22, 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st18_in/schooldistrict_maps/c18095_madison/DC20SD_C18095_SD2MS.txt Text list]

References

= Bibliography =

{{cite book|author1-last=Harden|author1-first=Samuel|title=History of Madison County, Indiana, from 1820 to 1874: Giving a general review of principal events, statistical and historical items, derived from official sources|year=1874|location=Markleville, Indiana|publisher=none|oclc=10935842}} ({{Internet Archive|id=historyofmadison01hard|name=History of Madison County, Indiana, from 1820 to 1874}} {{HathiTrust Catalog|id=008652740|title=History of Madison County, Indiana, from 1820 to 1874}})
{{cite book|title=Indiana|author1-last=Brill|author1-first=Marlene Targ|year=2005|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-2020-0}}
{{cite book|author1-last=Glass|author1-first=James|author2-last=Kohrman|author2-first=David|title=The Gas Boom of East Central Indiana|series=Images of America|date=2005|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|location=Charleston|isbn=9780738539638}}