Mahmoud Maina

Maina is originally from Nguru, Yobe State, Nigeria.{{Cite web|url=https://www.rsb.org.uk//news/14-news/1850-rsb-announces-winner-of-the-new-reseacher-science-communication-award-2017|title=RSB announces winner of the New Researcher Science Communication Award 2017 |last=|first=|date=2017-10-05 |website=Royal Society of Biology|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2018-12-20}} He attended Federal Government College Buni Yadi in Yobe State for his Secondary School.{{Cite web |url=http://talk.jnjinnovation.com/article/champions-science-storytelling-challenge-%E2%80%93-yase-edition-winner-announced |title=Champions of Science Storytelling Challenge – YASE Edition Winner Announced! {{!}} J&J Innovation Center |website=talk.jnjinnovation.com |access-date=2019-02-10}} He completed his Bachelor of Science in Human Anatomy at the University of Maiduguri, Nigeria, in 2007. After working at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Maiduguri and Gombe State University, he moved to the UK in 2011 to pursue a Master of Science in Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience at the University of Sussex.{{Cite web|url=http://trendinafrica.org/who-are-we/people-new/ |title=People |date=2015-06-16|website=TReND|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-10}} He went on to do a PhD at Sussex University in the lab of Louise Serpell, for which he received a prestigious the Chancellor's International Research Scholarship.{{Cite web |url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/internal/doctoralschool/connections/2016-17/may/profile|title=Researcher profile: Mahmoud Maina, School of Life Sciences doctoral researcher : May 2017 : ... : Doctoral School : Schools and services : University of Sussex|website=www.sussex.ac.uk|access-date=2019-02-10}} His PhD research was focussed on the role of nuclear Tau in Alzheimer's disease.{{Cite web|url=https://www.sussex.ac.uk/study/international-students/information-by-country/nigeria/sussex-stories-nigeria/dr-mahmoud-maina|title=Dr Mahmoud Maina : Role Models: 12 Sussex Stories in Nigeria : ... : Study with us : University of Sussex|last=Team|first=Web|website=www.sussex.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2019-02-10}}{{Cite journal |last1=Maina |first1=Mahmoud B. |last2=Bailey|first2=Laura J.|last3=Wagih|first3=Sherin|last4=Biasetti|first4=Luca|last5=Pollack|first5=Saskia J. |last6=Quinn |first6=James P. |last7=Thorpe |first7=Julian R.|last8=Doherty|first8=Aidan J.|last9=Serpell|first9=Louise C.|date=2018-07-31|title=The involvement of tau in nucleolar transcription and the stress response|journal=Acta Neuropathologica Communications |language=en |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=70 |doi=10.1186/s40478-018-0565-6 |issn=2051-5960 |pmc=6066928|pmid=30064522 |doi-access=free }}{{Cite journal |last1=Maina |first1=Mahmoud B. |last2=Bailey |first2=Laura J. |last3=Doherty |first3=Aidan J.|last4=Serpell|first4=Louise C.|date=2018|title=The Involvement of Aβ42 and Tau in Nucleolar and Protein Synthesis Machinery Dysfunction |journal=Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |language=en |volume=12 |page=220 |doi=10.3389/fncel.2018.00220|pmid=30123109|pmc=6086011|issn=1662-5102 |doi-access=free}} He completed his PhD in 2017, and is now an Independent Research Fellow in Sussex Neuroscience at the University of Sussex. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts in 2018.{{Cite web |url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/broadcast/read/46453 |title='Champion of Science' recognised for positive impact of research communication |last=Allen |first=Stephanie |website=The University of Sussex|access-date=2019-02-10}} He is also a visiting faculty member at Yobe State University, Nigeria and founder of the Biomedical Science Research and Training Centre (BioRTC){{Cite web |title=Our Story |url=https://biortc.com/our_story/ |access-date=2023-10-12 |website=BioRTC |language=en-US}} in Yobe State University.

During his PhD, Dr Maina revealed the localization of tau in the nucleolar remodelling complex in cultured cells and human brains and its role in nucleolar transcription and nucleolar stress response.{{cite journal |author1=Maina, M.B. |author2=Bailey, L.J. |author3=Wagih, S. |display-authors=et al |title=The involvement of tau in nucleolar transcription and the stress response |journal=Acta Neuropathologica Communications |date=31 July 2018 |volume=6 |issue= 1|page=70 |doi=10.1186/s40478-018-0565-6 |pmid=30064522 |pmc=6066928 |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |last1=Bukar Maina M, Al-Hilaly YK, Serpell LC |title=Nuclear Tau and Its Potential Role in Alzheimer's Disease |journal=Biomolecules |date=7 Jan 2016 |volume=6 |issue=1 |page=9 |doi=10.3390/biom6010009 |pmid=26751496 |pmc=4808803 |doi-access=free }}{{cite journal |author1=Maina, M. B. |author2=Bailey, L. J. |author3=Doherty, A. J. |author4=Serpell, L. C. |title=The Involvement of Aβ42 and Tau in Nucleolar and Protein Synthesis Machinery Dysfunction |journal=Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |date=3 August 2018 |volume=12, 385575. |page=220 |doi=10.3389/fncel.2018.00220 |doi-access=free |pmid=30123109 |pmc=6086011 }} Traditionally, tau has been studied as a microtubule-associated protein, and its role in microtubules and aggregation has been widely studied to explain tauopathies - a group of diseases in which tau misfunctions. Dr Maina's work revealed that tau has other roles in the nucleolus, a finding that significantly aided the development of a new field focusing on tau biology in the nucleus. Dr. Maina continued his investigation as a postdoctoral fellow in the Serpell lab using a combination of biophysics, cell culture, and high-content imaging, leading him to show that 1) paired helical filaments in Alzheimer’s disease are cross-linked via ditorysine bonds, a process that triggers the formation of insoluble tau in vitro.{{cite journal |author1=Maina, M. B. |author2=Al-Lihaly, K. Y. |author3=Burra, G. |author4=Rickard, J. E. |author5=Harrington, C. R. |author6=Wischik, C. M. |author7=Serpell, L. C. |title=Oxidative Stress Conditions Result in Trapping of PHF-Core Tau (297–391) Intermediates |journal=Cells |date=22 March 2021 |volume=10 |issue=3 |page=703 |doi=10.3390/cells10030703 |doi-access=free|pmid=33809978 |pmc=8005035 }}{{cite journal |author1=Maina, M. B. |author2=Al-Hilaly, Y. K. |author3=Oakley, S. |author4=Burra, G. |author5=Khanom, T. |author6=Biasetti, L. |author7=Mengham, K. |author8=Marshall, K. |author9=Harrington, C. R. |author10=Wischik, C. M. |author11=Serpell, L. C. |title=Dityrosine Cross-links are Present in Alzheimer's Disease-derived Tau Oligomers and Paired Helical Filaments (PHF) which Promotes the Stability of the PHF-core Tau (297–391) In Vitro |journal=Journal of Molecular Biology |date=15 October 2022 |volume=434, 167785 |issue=19 |doi=10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167785 |doi-access=free |pmid=35961386 |hdl=2164/19515 |hdl-access=free }} 2) the self-assembly process of amyloid beta is critical for its toxicity, explaining why oligomers confer more toxicity than amyloid beta fibrils.{{cite journal |author1=Maina, M. B. |author2=Burra, G. |author3=Al-Hilaly, Y. K. |author4=Mengham, K. |author5=Fennell, K. |author6=Serpell, L. C. |title=Metal- and UV- Catalyzed Oxidation Results in Trapped Amyloid-β Intermediates Revealing that Self-Assembly Is Required for Aβ-Induced Cytotoxicity |journal=iScience |date=23 October 2020 |volume=23, 101537 |issue=10 |doi=10.1016/j.isci.2020.101537 |doi-access=free |pmid=33083713 |pmc=7516296 |bibcode=2020iSci...23j1537M }}{{cite journal |author1=Vadukul, D. M. |author2=Maina, M. |author3=Franklin, H. |author4=Nardecchia, A. |author5=Serpell, L. C. |author6=Marshall, K. E. |title=Internalisation and toxicity of amyloid-β 1-42 are influenced by its conformation and assembly state rather than size |journal=FEBS Letters |date=1 September 2020 |volume=594 |issue=21 |pages=3490–3503 |doi=10.1002/1873-3468.13919 |doi-access=free |hdl=2078.1/250020 |hdl-access=free }}

Recognizing the potential influence of ancestral backgrounds on nucleolar pathways and tauopathies, and acknowledging the underrepresentation of Africans in tauopathy research despite Africa's rich genetic diversity, Dr. Maina took the initiative to bridge this research gap through the development of less invasive models. In Nigeria, he collaborated extensively with local stakeholders in Yobe State, through which his team at BioRTC is pioneering the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from indigenous Nigerians.{{cite journal |last1=Zaid Muhammad, Phoebe W. Brown, Larema Babazau, Abdulrahman I. Alkhamis, Baba W. Goni, Haruna A. Nggada, Kefas M. Mbaya, Selina Wray, Isa H. Marte, Celeste M. Karch, Louise C. Serpell, Mahmoud B. Maina |title=Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a healthy adult indigenous Nigerian participant |journal=bioRxiv |date=July 21, 2023 |doi=10.1101/2023.07.21.550059 |s2cid=260118428 |url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.07.21.550059v1 |access-date=26 November 2023|doi-access=free }} His research seeks to dissect the functional role of tau in the nucleolus and the cellular and molecular mechanisms of nucleolar dysfunction in tauopathies, with a particular emphasis on the role of African ancestry.

Growing up in Nigeria, Maina said he was inspired by his father's science book to become a scientist. However, there was a high level of misconceptions about science and a lack of visible science role models in his community, which hinders many young people from developing an interest in science disciplines.{{Cite web|url=http://talk.jnjinnovation.com/article/champions-science-storytelling-challenge-%E2%80%93-yase-edition-winner-announced |title=Champions of Science Storytelling Challenge – YASE Edition Winner Announced! {{!}} J&J Innovation Center |website=talk.jnjinnovation.com|access-date=2019-02-11}} As a result Maina founded the outreach program for TReND in Africa, an organisation that aims to improve scientific development in Sub-Saharan Africa, for example by organising workshops on open hardware and neuroscience,{{Cite web|url=https://mci-neuroscience.com/trend-in-africa-workshop-visit/ |title=TReND in Africa Workshop Visit|date=2018-05-03|website=Micro Control Instruments|language=en|access-date=2018-12-20}} and science fairs for students and teachers.{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nnorth-east/250284-science-fair-teachers-students-holds-yobe.html|title=Science fair for teachers, students holds in Yobe|date=2017-11-22|website=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-12-20}} He also started the Science Communication Hub in Nigeria,{{Cite web |url=http://thefutureafrica.com/awards/davido-samson-itodo-tomi-adeyemi-nemitari-ajienka-and-mahmoud-maina-meet-the-honorees-for-the-future-awards-africa-prize-for-young-person-of-the-year-2018/|title=Davido, Samson Itodo, Tomi Adeyemi, Nemitari Ajienka and Mahmoud Maina {{!}}{{!}} Meet the honorees for The Future Awards Africa Prize for Young Person of the Year 2018|date=2018-12-04|website=The Future Awards Africa |language=en-GB|access-date=2018-12-20}} a platform that aims to connect scientists from Nigeria and increase the visibility of Nigerian and African scientists.{{Cite web|url=https://www.scicomnigeria.org/about-us|title=About {{!}} Science Communication Hub Nigeria |website=Home {{!}} Science Communication Hub Nigeria|language=en|access-date=2018-12-20}} He has published about neuroscience research in Nigeria{{Cite web|url=https://elifesciences.org/interviews/1c6c6d1f/mahmoud-bukar-maina|title=Global Science: Neuroscience in Nigeria|date=2018-08-29|website=eLife|language=en|access-date=2018-12-20}}{{Cite journal|last1=Maina|first1=Mahmoud Bukar |last2=Mohammed|first2=Yunusa Garba|last3=Bukar|first3=Ali Maina|last4=Ahmad|first4=Umar|last5=Tijjani Salihu |first5=Abubakar|last6=Ibrahim|first6=Harun A.|last7=Abdurrazak|first7=Muhammad|last8=Hamidu|first8=Suleiman Kwairanga |last9=Yaro|first9=Aisha Umar|last10=Awadelkareem|first10=Mosab Ali|last11=Nasr|first11=Fayza Eid|date=June 2019|title=African neuroscience on the global stage: Nigeria as a model|journal=The European Journal of Neuroscience|volume=49|issue=12|pages=1544–1551 |doi=10.1111/ejn.14372|issn=1460-9568|pmid=30758873|doi-access=free}} and in Africa's 54 countries,{{Cite journal|last1=Maina|first1=M. B.|last2=Ahmad|first2=U.|last3=Ibrahim|first3=H. A.|last4=Hamidu|first4=S. K.|last5=Nasr|first5=F. E. |last6=Salihu|first6=A. T.|last7=Abushouk|first7=A. I.|last8=Abdurrazak|first8=M.|last9=Awadelkareem|first9=M. A. |last10=Amin|first10=A.|last11=Imam|first11=A.|date=2020-06-04|title=20 years of African Neuroscience: Waking a sleeping giant |url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.03.131391v1|journal=bioRxiv|language=en|pages=2020.06.03.131391|doi=10.1101/2020.06.03.131391 |s2cid=219535302|doi-access=free}} as part of his ongoing work to enhance neuroscience research in Africa.

In 2019 Maina started the African Science Literacy Network, a project aimed at training scientists and journalists in effectively communicating research.{{Cite web|url=https://www.afriscitech.com/en/news/on-schedule/1004-african-science-literacy-network-science-communication-and-journalism-workshop-holds-in-abuja|title=African Science Literacy Network: Science Communication and Journalism workshop holds in Abuja|last=Tsanni|first=Abdullahi|date=12 August 2019|website=www.afriscitech.com|language=en-gb|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-11-07}} In September 2019 Maina organised a workshop which launched the project.{{Cite web|url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/broadcast/read/50234|title=Sussex neuroscientist working to improve science communication in Nigeria|last=Allen|first=Stephanie|website=The University of Sussex|language=en|access-date=2019-11-07}} Realising that while communicating science and raising awareness about to the public is crucial, a critical hindrance for scientific progress in Africa is the lack of many hubs with the appropriate infrastructure to pursue science locally. Using his connections with TReND in Africa and with the support of the Yobe State Government, Maina established the Biomedical Science Research and Training Centre (BioRTC) in Yobe State University in 2021. Through BioRTC, Maina and his team with the support of diverse funders, including the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative are training the next generation of African scientists especially in areas of neuroscience, open hardware and bioimaging {{Cite web |url=https://osf.io/preprints/africarxiv/j7at3/ |access-date=2023-10-12 |website=osf.io |title=OSF }}

As a neuroscientist, he is currently developing the first sets of induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) models from ethnically diverse African donors to increase the inclusion of African iPSC models in neurodegenerative disease research. He argues that "Africa has the greatest genetic diversity, yet African models barely exist in global neuroscience."{{cite web |last1=ALBA Network |title=ALBA-FKNE DIVERSITY PRIZE 2022 WINNER |url=https://www.alba.network/alba-fkne-diversity-prize-2022-winner#:~:text=Dr%20Mahmoud%20Bukar%20Maina&text=Dr%20Maina%20has%20been%20awarded,diversity%20in%20basic%20neuroscience%20research. |website=ALBA NETWORK |access-date=24 August 2022}}

Maina's work also canvasses for an increase in the research output of neuroscientists on the African continent, arguing that neuroscience, which is currently driven by local priorities, has to be multidirectional; solving disease and brain-related problems while adopting artificial intelligence.{{cite journal |last1=Adepoju |first1=Paul |title=Cohesion needed to improve neuroscience research in Africa |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-021-00073-6 |journal=Nature Africa |year=2021 |doi=10.1038/d44148-021-00073-6 |s2cid=239675031 |access-date=24 August 2022|url-access=subscription }}

For his outreach work, he has received the Royal Society of Biology Science Communication Award in 2017 and the Young African Scientists in Europe award for the Champion of Science Storytelling Challenge.{{Cite web |url=https://talk.jnjinnovation.com/article/champions-science-storytelling-challenge-%E2%80%93-yase-edition-winner-announced |title=Champions of Science Storytelling Challenge – YASE Edition Winner Announced! |publisher=J&J Innovation Center |website=talk.jnjinnovation.com|access-date=2018-12-20}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.positivenaija.com/dr-mahmoud-bukar-maina-wins-2018-champions-of-science-storytelling-challenge-yase-edition/|title=Dr. Mahmoud Bukar Maina Wins 2018 Champions of Science Storytelling Challenge (YASE Edition) |last=Ogbe |first=Toju |date=2018-10-17 |website=PositiveNaija |language=en-US |access-date=2018-12-20}}{{Cite web |url=https://yenlive.com/news/index.php/en/news/899-leading-nigerian-science-education-advocate-wins-champion-of-science-award-in-europe |title=Leading Nigerian science education advocate, wins 'Champion of Science' Award in Europe|website=yenlive.com|language=en-gb |access-date=2019-02-10}} In December 2018, he was nominated for The Future Awards Africa Prize for Young Person of the Year 2018, both for his research in degenerative diseases and for his outreach work. In 2019, he was awarded the New England BioLabs Passion in Science Humanitarian Duty Award {{Cite web|url=https://international.neb.com/about-neb/news-and-press-releases/new-england-biolabs-announces-2019-passion-in-science-awards-recipients|title=New England Biolabs® Announces 2019 Passion in Science Awards® Recipients {{!}} NEB|website=international.neb.com|access-date=2019-05-20}} and Kroto Public Engagement Award by Sussex's School of Life Sciences.{{Cite web|last=Gowers|first=Jessica|title=Winners of the Kroto Award for Public Engagement announced at symposium |url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/broadcast/read/50547|access-date=2020-06-12|website=The University of Sussex}} He is a recipient of the ALBA-FKNE Diversity Prize (2022) "for his longstanding efforts to expand science capacity in Africa and promote diversity in basic neuroscience research."{{cite web |last1=ALBA Network |title=ALBA-FKNE DIVERSITY PRIZE 2022 WINNER |url=https://www.alba.network/alba-fkne-diversity-prize-2022-winner#:~:text=Dr%20Mahmoud%20Bukar%20Maina&text=Dr%20Maina%20has%20been%20awarded,diversity%20in%20basic%20neuroscience%20research. |website=ALBA NETWORK |access-date=24 August 2022}}

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• {{Twitter|id=mahmoudbukar|name=Mahmoud Maina}}

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Category:Nigerian neuroscientists

Category:Nigerian biologists

Category:21st-century Nigerian scientists

Category:Academics of the University of Sussex