Mahoney tables

The Mahoney tables are a set of reference tables used in architecture, used as a guide to climate-appropriate design. They are named after architect Carl Mahoney,{{cite web|url=http://cma.alphalink.com.au/

|accessdate=2008-02-08

|title=Carl Mahoney and Associates - International Development, Organization Design, Planning and Environment

|date=2002-09-30

}} who worked on them together with John Martin Evans,{{cite web

|url=http://www.fadu.uba.ar/sitios/cihe/cihe.htm

|accessdate=2008-02-08

|title=CENTRO DE INVESTIGACION HABITAT Y ENERGIA

|date=2003-06-04

|language=es

|quote=Directores: Profs. Arqs. John Martin Evans y Silvia de Schiller

|first=Diego

|last=Pimentel

|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225160919/http://www.fadu.uba.ar/sitios/cihe/cihe.htm

|archivedate=2007-12-25

|url-status=dead

}} and Otto Königsberger.{{cite web

|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu/Otto%20Koenigsberger/OHK.htm

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031206151952/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu/Otto%20Koenigsberger/OHK.htm

|url-status=dead

|archive-date=2003-12-06

|accessdate=2008-02-08

|date=2007-06-19

|title=Otto Koenigsberger (1908-1999)

}} They were first published in 1971 by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.{{cite book|url=http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?query_id=0&page=0&osti_id=5094402

|accessdate=2008-02-08

|title=Climate and House Design

|first=Otto

|last=Koenigsberger

|publisher=United Nations

|date=1969-01-01

}}

{{Quote|The concept developed by Mahoney (1968) in Nigeria provided the basis of the

Mahoney Tables, later developed by Koenigsberger, Mahoney and Evans (1970),

published by the United Nations in English, French and Spanish, with large sections

included in the widely distributed publication by Koenigsberger et al. (1978).

The Mahoney Tables (Evans, 1999; Evans, 2001) proposed a climate analysis sequence

that starts with the basic and widely available monthly climatic data of temperature,

humidity and rainfall, such as that found in HMSO (1958) and Pearce and Smith (1990),

or data published by national meteorological services, for example SMN (1995).

Today, the data for most major cities can be downloaded directly from the Internet

(from sites such as http://www.wunderground.com/global/AG.html, 2006).|John Martin Evans|The Comfort Triangles{{cite book|chapter-url=http://www.darenet.nl/nl/page/repository.item/show?saharaIdentifier=tuddare:oai:tudelft.nl:374779

|accessdate=2008-02-08

|title=The comfort triangles: a new tool for bioclimatic design

|author=Evans, J.M.

|date=2007-10-15

|chapter=7.3

}} {{Dead link|date=November 2010|bot=H3llBot}}}}

The tables use readily available climate data and simple calculations to give design guidelines, in a manner similar to a spreadsheet, as opposed to detailed thermal analysis or simulation. There are six tables; four are used for entering climatic data, for comparison with the requirements for thermal comfort; and two for reading off appropriate design criteria.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jt8BvpULmK8C&q=%22using+the+mahoney+tables%22

|accessdate=2008-02-08

|title=Passive and Active Environmental Controls

|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional

|first=Dean

|last=Heerwagen

|year=2003

|isbn=0-07-292228-1

}} A rough outline of the table usage is:

1. Air Temperatures. The max, min, and mean temperatures for each month are entered into this table.
2. Humidity, Precipitation, and Wind. The max, min, and mean figures for each month are entered into this table, and the conditions for each month classified into a humidity group.
3. Comparison of Comfort Conditions and Climate. The desired max/min temperatures are entered, and compared to the climatic values from table 1. A note is made if the conditions create heat stress or cold stress (i.e. the building will be too hot or cold).
4. Indicators (of humid or arid conditions). Rules are provided for combining the stress (table 3) and humidity groups (table 2) to check a box classifying the humidity and aridity for each month. For each of six possible indicators, the number of months where that indicator was checked are added up, giving a yearly total.
5. Schematic Design Recommendations. The yearly totals in table 4 correspond to rows in this table, listing schematic design recommendations, e.g. 'buildings oriented on east–west axis to reduce sun exposure', 'medium-sized openings, 20%–40% of wall area'.
6. Design Development Recommendations. Again the yearly totals from table 4 are used to read off recommendations, e.g. 'roofs should be high-mass and well insulated'.