Main Line for Europe
{{Short description|Paris-Bratislava railway upgrade plan}}
{{Update|date=March 2022}}
File:Magistrale for Europe.gif
The Magistrale for Europe{{Cite book |editor-last=Bruinsma |editor-first=Frank |date=2007 |title=Railway Development: Impacts on Urban Dynamics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wMhi0nyS-uYC&pg=PA72 |location=Heidelberg |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |page=72 |isbn=9783790819724 |accessdate=20 June 2020}}{{Cite book |editor-last=Kaw |editor-first=Jon Kher |date=2020 |title=The Hidden Wealth of Cities: Creating, Financing, and Managing Public Spaces |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=swbWDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT98 |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=World Bank Publications |page=98 |isbn=9781464814938 |accessdate=20 June 2020}} (German: Magistrale für Europa;{{Cite news |url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/bayern/augsburg-ulm-deutsche-bahn-ausbau-1.4652510 |title=Im Schneckentempo zur Schnellfahrstrecke |author=Florian Fuchs and Claudia Henzler |work=Süddeutsche Zeitung |date=24 October 2019 |accessdate=20 June 2020 |language=de}} French: Magistrale européenne{{Cite news |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/2017/03/24/01003-20170324ARTFIG00314-ces-projets-francais-realises-grace-aux-aides-europeennes.php |title=Ces projets français réalisés grâce aux aides européennes |author=Charles Gautier |work=Le Figaro |date=24 March 2017 |accessdate=20 June 2020 |language=fr}}) or Main Line for Europe{{Cite web |title=Main Line for Europe |author= |work=MainLineforEurope.org |date= |access-date=13 July 2024 |url= https://mainlineforeurope.org/en/}} is a Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T) project for the creation of a high-speed railway line between Paris and Bratislava, with a branch-off to Budapest. It was listed as TEN project No. 17 (Paris—Bratislava) by the European Commission in 1995, and is already under way.{{cite web
| title = TEN-T priority axes and projects 2005
| work =Trans-European Transport Network
| publisher =European Commission
| year =2005
| url =http://ec.europa.eu/ten/transport/projects/doc/2005_ten_t_en.pdf
| accessdate = }} (14.4 MB, axis No 17, p44)
The project was planned to be completed by 2020, however the entire project has not been delivered on time, with only some of the sections running. It will link 34 million people in five European countries. The overall length of the route from Paris to Budapest is {{convert|1562|km|mi|abbr=on}}.
Sections
{{Annotated image
| image = High Speed Railroad Map of Europe.svg
| image-width = 1600
| image-left = -385
| image-top = -700
| width = 500
| height = 200
| float =
| annotations =
| caption = Detail from the map of Europe's high-speed rail lines (colored), where can be seen the Main Line for Europe's route (Paris-Strasbourg-Stuttgart-München-Salzburg-Linz-Wien-Bratislava-Budapest) and its current maximum operational speed.
{{legend-line|#ae00ff solid 2px| Max operational speed 310-320 km/h}}
{{legend-line|#ff0000 solid 2px| Max operational speed 270-300 km/h}}
{{legend-line|#e39d1a solid 2px| Max operational speed 240-260 km/h}}
{{legend-line|#ffee00 solid 2px| Max operational speed 200-230 km/h}}
{{legend-line|#009804 dotted 2px| Under construction for max operational speed ≥ 200 km/h}}
{{legend-line|#777777 solid 2px| Max operational speed < 200 km/h}}
}}
Parts of the route were formerly served by Orient Express trains, which ceased operations in 2009. Today TGV rail connections exist from Paris to Stuttgart or at longest Munich. The Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) currently provide direct Railjet and EuroNight connections between Munich and Budapest in addition to direct Nightjet connection between Vienna and Paris since December 2021.
= France =
File:Paris-Gare de l'Est-2009.jpg
The French part of the line is the LGV Est européenne high-speed railway. Its first section as far as Baudrecourt east of Metz has been in use since 2007 whilst the second section to Vendenheim near Strasbourg opened in July 2016.{{cite web |url=http://www.eurailpress.de/article/view/4/finanzierungsvereinbarung-fuer-2-phase-der-lgv-est-unterzeichnet.html |title=Finanzierungsvereinbarung für 2. Phase der LGV Est unterzeichnet |accessdate=2011-07-16 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524184311/http://www.eurailpress.de/article/view/4/finanzierungsvereinbarung-fuer-2-phase-der-lgv-est-unterzeichnet.html |archivedate=2010-05-24 |language=de}} The new railway line provides a maximum speed up to {{Cvt|320|km/h|4=0}} and reduced the travel time from Gare de Paris-Est to the largely refurbished Gare de Strasbourg to {{TimeHMS|1|45}}.[https://www.sncf-connect.com/train/horaires/paris/strasbourg Infos horaires train Paris-Strasbourg] on the sncf-connect website (22 April 2025).
= Germany =
In Germany, the line follows the Appenweier–Strasbourg railway (Europabahn) from the Rhine Bridge to Appenweier and then the Mannheim–Karlsruhe–Basel railway (Rheintalbahn) down to Bruchsal. The Europabahn is built for a maximum speed of {{Cvt|200|km/h|4=0}}, while the Rheintalbahn to Rastatt Süd is for {{Cvt|250|km/h|4=0}}. The second part of the new Rheintalbahn (Rastatt Süd to Bruchsal) is to be completed by 2014{{Update inline|date=February 2023}}. At the Bruchsal Rollenberg junction the MoE joins the Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway which was built for {{Cvt|250|km/h|4=0}}. Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof is currently being rebuilt (scheduled for completion in 2025) as a through station in the course of the controversial Stuttgart 21 project. Despite some protests, a 2011 statewide referendum upheld the majority support and thus the political decision to rebuild the station and let the Magistrale for Europe project proceed.
File:StuttgartHauptbahnhofNordfluegel 2010-08-26.jpg
In Stuttgart, the line joins the Stuttgart–Augsburg new and upgraded railway (including the Stuttgart–Wendlingen and Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed railway lines replacing the Fils Valley Railway), which Wendlingen- Ulm section is completed at the end of 2022 and provides a maximum speed of {{Cvt|250|km/h|4=0}} between Stuttgart and Ulm and {{Cvt|200|km/h|4=0}} on the Ulm–Augsburg railway line. The Munich–Augsburg railway is being upgraded to separate slower traffic (freight and short-distance trains) from high speed trains, which will be able to reach {{Cvt|230|km/h|4=0}}. From München-Pasing station trains may run directly to München Ost without passing München Hauptbahnhof. Plans for the reconstruction of the Munich main station similar to Stuttgart 21 have been abandoned.
Trains from München Ost shall reach Salzburg Hauptbahnhof via the upgraded Munich–Mühldorf railway, providing a maximum speed of {{Cvt|160|km/h}}, and the Mühldorf–Freilassing railway line. In Freilassing the MoE joins the Rosenheim–Salzburg railway leading across the Austrian border including a new third track serving the Salzburg S-Bahn commuter network.
= Austria =
File:Wien 10 Hauptbahnhof a.jpg
In Austria, the Western Railway line was extended to reduce travel time between Munich, Salzburg, Linz, and Vienna to one hour each. The section between the Attnang-Puchheim rail hub and Wels Hauptbahnhof near Linz was already upgraded until October 2012 to provide a maximum speed of {{Cvt|230|km/h|4=0}}. Between Linz and Vienna a new parallel high-speed railway line (Neue Westbahn) for a maximum speed of {{Cvt|250|km/h|4=0}} was completed in 2015, including the Wienerwald Tunnel.
In Vienna, the former Südbahnhof terminal station was demolished and replaced by the new Wien Hauptbahnhof. From here, trains run on the Eastern Railway line to Bratislava-Petržalka railway station, including a connection to Vienna International Airport. East of Vienna, a southeastern branch-off leads via Győr to Budapest.
Route
class="wikitable"
!class="hintergrundfarbe6"|Section !class="hintergrundfarbe6"|Distance !class="hintergrundfarbe6"|Opening !class="hintergrundfarbe6"|Duration before1 !class="hintergrundfarbe6"|Recent duration1 !class="hintergrundfarbe6"|Planned duration1 | |||||
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
|rowspan=2|Paris–Strasbourg | rowspan=2|440.2 kmThe length of the high-speed Paris-Strasbourg line is 440.2 km (22.703 km of classical line from Paris-Est to the junction with the LGV + 406 km LGV Est + 11.5 km from the Strasbourg station to the junction with the LGV), compared with 502 km for the classical line. | Paris–Baudrecourt 2007 | rowspan=2|237 min (ø 127 km/h) | rowspan=2|105 min (ø 252 km/h) | rowspan=2| - |
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
|Baudrecourt–Vendenheim 2016 | |||||
Strasbourg–Karlsruhe | 81.6 km21.3 km Strasbourg - Appenweier Nord (Abzw) on the Appenweier–Strasbourg railway + 39.537 km Appenweier Nord (Abzw) - Rastatt on the Mannheim–Karlsruhe–Basel railway + 20.783 km Rastatt - Karlsruhe Hbf on the Rhine Railway. | a portion (Appenweier-Karlsruhe) is in use now | 40 min (ø 122 km/h) | 25 min (ø 194 km/h) | |
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
|Karlsruhe–Stuttgart | 90 km | in use | 61 min (ø 89 km/h) | 35 min (ø 154 km/h) | 35 min (ø 154 km/h) |
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
|rowspan=2|Stuttgart–Ulm | 25.2 km | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|54 min (ø 104 km/h) | rowspan=2|28 min (ø 174 km/h) | ||
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
| Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed railway 2022{{Cite web |title=New Wendlingen-Ulm line: pacesetter for rail transport throughout Germany goes into operation |author= |work=deutschebahn.com |date=9 December 2022 |access-date=13 July 2024 |url= https://www.deutschebahn.com/en/presse/press_releases/New-Wendlingen-Ulm-line-pacesetter-for-rail-transport-throughout-Germany-goes-into-operation-9918718}} | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
| Ulm–Augsburg | 85 km | Ulm–Augsburg railway upgrade 2025 | | 41 min (ø 126 km/h) | 26 min (ø 198 km/h) | |||||
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
|Augsburg–Munich | 61 km | 2011 | 37 min (ø 99 km/h) | 18 min (ø 203 km/h) | |
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
|rowspan=3|Munich–Mühldorf–Salzburg | 85 km |rowspan=3| |rowspan=3|87 min (ø 106 km/h) |rowspan=3|62 min (ø 148 km/h) | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
| 65 km | |||||
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
| 5 km | Freilassing–Salzburg upgrade 2009 | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
|rowspan=3|Munich–Rosenheim–Salzburg | 65 km |rowspan=3| |rowspan=3|? min (ø ? km/h) |rowspan=3|? min (ø ? km/h) | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
| 82 km | |||||
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
| 5 km | Freilassing–Salzburg upgrade 2009 | |||||
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
|rowspan=3|Salzburg–Linz | rowspan=3|127 km | Salzburg–Attnang-Puchheim 2013 | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3|64 min (ø 119 km/h) | rowspan=3|60 min (ø 127 km/h) |
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
| Attnang-Puchheim–Wels 2011 | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;" | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
| Linz–St. Pölten | 130 km | Doubling to 4 tracks 2024–2030{{cite web | title=Vier Gleise für ein Halleluja: Lückenschluss Weststrecke | website=Unsere ÖBB | url=https://www.unsereoebb.at/de/artikel/2021/lueckenschluss-weststrecke | language=de | access-date=13 July 2024}} | | 48 min (ø 163 km/h) | 44 min (ø 177 km/h) | |||||
style="background-color: #ccffcc;"
| St.Pölten-Vienna | 44 km | 2012 | 41 min (ø 64 km/h) | 25 min (ø 106 km/h) | | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
| Vienna–Budapest | 263 km | | | 181 min (ø 87 km/h) | | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
| Vienna–Marchegg–Bratislava | 65 km | Marchegger Ostbahn upgrade 2025{{Cite web |title=Streckenausbau Wien − Bratislava. Bauabschnitt Niederösterreich |author= |work=infrastruktur.oebb.at |date=June 2020 |access-date=13 July 2024 |url= https://infrastruktur.oebb.at/de/projekte-fuer-oesterreich/bahnstrecken/weststrecke-wien-salzburg/ausbau-marchegger-ostbahn/rund-um-den-bau/printproduktionen-wbr/dokument?datei=Projektbrosch%C3%BCre+Ausbau+Wien-Bratislava%2C+Bauabschnitt+N%C3%96+%28Marchegger+Ostbahn%29 |lang=de}}{{Cite web |title=Marchegger Ostbahn schon 2025 zweigleisig |author= |work=noe.ORF.at |date= |access-date=13 July 2024 |url= https://noe.orf.at/stories/3104429// |lang=de}} | 57 min (ø 68 km/h) | |||||
style="background-color: #ffdac2;"
| Vienna–Parndorf–Bratislava | 80 km | 2013 | | | 55 min (ø 87 km/h) | |||||
colspan=8|total: | |||||
Paris–Budapest | 1562 km | 722 min (12:02)1 2 (ø 132 km/h) | 614 min (10:14)1 2 (ø 155 km/h) | ||
Paris–Bratislava (northern line) | 1364 km | 598 min (9:58)1 2 (ø 140 km/h) | 468 min (7:40)1 2 (ø 178 km/h) | ||
Paris–Bratislava (southern line) | 1379 km | 488 min (8:08)1 2 (ø 173 km/h) | |||
Paris–Munich | 843 km | 484 min (8:04)1 2 (ø 108 km/h) | 317 min (5:17) 1 (ø 166 km/h) | 242 min (4:02) 1 (ø 216 km/h) |
1 It is calculated with the fastest possible durations between the towns.
2 Real duration is longer due to changing.
Source (unless stated otherwise): [https://web.archive.org/web/20090424053903/http://www.magistrale.org/download/rapport%20annuel%20Peter%20Balazs%20DE.pdf annual report 2006/07 of Péter Balázs]
See also
{{Portal|Trains}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://magistrale.org/?lang=en Main Line for Europe]
{{Magistrale for Europe}}
{{Trans-European Transport Networks}}