Manavgat River

{{Infobox river

| name = Manavgat River

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| image = Manavgat waterfall by tomgensler.JPG

| image_caption = Manavgat River flowing over the Manavgat Waterfall

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| pushpin_map = Turkey

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| subdivision_name1 = Turkey

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| mouth_elevation = {{convert|1350|m|abbr=on}}

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Manavgat River originates on the eastern slopes of Western Taurus Mountains in Turkey. In ancient times it was called Melas ({{langx|grc|Μέλας}}).[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=cilicia-geo Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854), William Smith, LLD, Ed., CILICIA]

At an elevation of 1,350 m, the outflow of several small springs joins together to become the headwaters of the Manavgat.{{Cite book|title=Natural Wonders of the World|publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc|year=1980|isbn=0-89577-087-3|editor-last=Scheffel|editor-first=Richard L.|location=United States of America|pages=225|editor-last2=Wernet|editor-first2=Susan J.}} The largest of these springs is called Dumanli, whose name means "place where there is fog", because of the dense mist that forms above the spring. In addition to the springs from the Taurus Mountains, the Manavgat is also fed underground from large lakes to the north of the mountains, on the Anatolian Plateau. Pliny the Elder considered that the river was the boundary between ancient Pamphylia and Cilicia.{{Cite Pliny|5.22}}

From there, the river flows south over conglomerated strata for about 90 km, descending through a series of canyons. Finally, it washes over the Manavgat Waterfall and through the coastal plain and into the Mediterranean Sea. There are many caves in the river watershed area, the most interesting being the Altınbeşik cave.{{cite web

|url = http://www.turkeyodyssey.com/articles/manavgat-river.html

|title = Manavgat River

|publisher = turkeyodyssey

|access-date = 2008-02-16

|url-status = dead

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080602214551/http://www.turkeyodyssey.com/articles/manavgat-river.html

|archive-date = 2008-06-02

}}

The maximum flow of the Manavgat River is 500 m³/second, with an average of 147 m³/second. Using the average flow as a measure, the Manavgat River accounts for a very small amount of the water flowing into the Mediterranean. There are two dams over the river: Oymapınar Dam and the Manavgat Dam.{{cite web|url=http://www.ipcri.org/watconf/papers/ibrahim.pdf|title=Manavgat River Water as a Limited but Alternative Water Resource for Domestic Use in Middle East|access-date=2008-02-16|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227021417/http://www.ipcri.org/watconf/papers/ibrahim.pdf|archive-date=2008-02-27}}

Studies have shown that water drains into the Manavgat River basin from its surface watershed and also from endorheic basins, especially those to the east of the river.{{cite book

|author= Ian Simmers

|year=1987

|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W0uvL96OaMoC&dq=manavgat+river&pg=PT429

|title=Estimation of Natural Groundwater Recharge

|publisher=Springer

|isbn=9789027726322

|access-date=2008-02-16

}}

In 1992, the Turkish State Hydraulics Work (DSI) was given the job of developing a water supply project for domestic use from the Manavgat river.

File:Oymapinar_reservoir_7.JPG|Oymapinar reservoir

File:Oymapinar_reservoir_15.JPG|Oymapinar reservoir of Manavgat

File:Cruise_ship_in_Turkish_Riviera.jpg|Traditional cruise ships for Manavgat

File:Manavgat_River_%26_Mediterranean_Sea_With_Boat.jpg|Cruise ships for Manavgat

File:Oymapinar_reservoir_3.JPG