Manchester (UK Parliament constituency)

Manchester had first been represented in Parliament in 1654, when it was granted one seat in the First Protectorate Parliament. However, as with other boroughs enfranchised during the Commonwealth, it was disenfranchised at the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

The subsequent growth of Manchester into a major industrial city left its lack of representation a major anomaly, and demands for a seat in Parliament led to a mass public meeting in August 1819. This peaceful rally of 60,000 pro-democracy reformers, men, women and children, was attacked by armed cavalry resulting in 15 deaths and over 600 injuries,{{cite web |title=New plaque tells truth of Peterloo killings 188 years on |last=Ward |first=David| work=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian News and Media Ltd. |location=London | date=27 December 2007 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/dec/27/past.politics |access-date= 25 March 2008 }} and became known as the Peterloo Massacre.

Reform was attempted unsuccessfully by Lord John Russell, whose bills in 1828 and 1830 were rejected by the Commons. The city was finally enfranchised by the Reform Act 1832, and at the 1832 general election, Manchester returned two Members of Parliament (MPs). The Reform Act 1867 increased this in 1868 to three Members of Parliament.

Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the constituency was abolished with effect from the 1885 general election, when the city was split into six new single-member divisions: East, North, North East, North West, South, and South West.

{{Unreferenced section|date=July 2010}}

{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 6 Oct 1883: Manchester{{cite book|editor1-last=Craig|editor1-first=F. W. S.|editor-link=F. W. S. Craig|title=British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885|date=1977|publisher=Macmillan Press|location=London|isbn=978-1-349-02349-3|edition=1st|type=e-book|pages=206–207}}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = William Houldsworth

|votes = 18,188

|percentage = 74.5

|change = +29.4

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Richard Pankhurst

|votes = 6,216

|percentage = 25.5

|change = −29.4

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 11,972

|percentage = 49.0

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 24,404

|percentage = 46.2

|change = −27.8 (est)

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 52,831

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Conservative Party (UK)

|swing = +29.4

}}

{{Election box end}}

• Caused by Birley's death.

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1880: Manchester (3 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = John Slagg

|votes = 24,959

|percentage = 27.5

|change = +2.6

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Jacob Bright

|votes = 24,789

|percentage = 27.4

|change = +3.3

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Hugh Birley

|votes = 20,594

|percentage = 22.7

|change = −3.0

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = William Houldsworth

|votes = 20,268

|percentage = 22.4

|change = −2.9

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 4,521

|percentage = 5.0

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 45,305 (est)

|percentage = 74.0 (est)

|change = +9.5

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 61,234

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box gain with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|loser = Conservative Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Conservative Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 19 Feb 1876: Manchester}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Jacob Bright

|votes = 22,770

|percentage = 52.0

|change = +3.0

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Francis Powell{{cite news|title=Borough of Manchester Election, 1876|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000206/18760212/125/0001|work=Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser|date=12 February 1876|page=1|via = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}

|votes = 20,985

|percentage = 48.0

|change = −3.0

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,785

|percentage = 4.0

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 43,755

|percentage = 70.5

|change = +6.0

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 62,074

}}

{{Election box gain with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|loser = Conservative Party (UK)

|swing = +3.0

}}

{{Election box end}}

• Caused by Callender's death.

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1874: Manchester (3 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Hugh Birley

|votes = 19,984

|percentage = 25.7

|change = +4.1

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = William Romaine Callender

|votes = 19,649

|percentage = 25.3

|change = +7.6

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Bazley

|votes = 19,325

|percentage = 24.9

|change = +3.3

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Jacob Bright

|votes = 18,727

|percentage = 24.1

|change = +5.8

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 922

|percentage = 1.2

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 38,843 (est)

|percentage = 64.5 (est)

|change = +5.2

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 60,222

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Conservative Party (UK)

|swing = −0.2

}}

{{Election box gain with party link|

|winner = Conservative Party (UK)

|loser = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing = +1.5

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing = −1.3

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1868: Manchester (3 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Hugh Birley

|votes = 15,486

|percentage = 21.6

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Bazley

|votes = 14,192

|percentage = 19.8

|change = −12.6

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Jacob Bright

|votes = 13,154

|percentage = 18.3

|change = −4.5

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Joseph Hoare

|votes = 12,684

|percentage = 17.7

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Ernest Charles Jones

|votes = 10,662

|percentage = 14.9

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Mitchell Henry

|votes = 5,236

|percentage = 7.3

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 28,620 (est)

|percentage = 59.3 (est)

|change = +2.6

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 48,256

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 4,824

|percentage = 6.7

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box gain with party link|

|winner = Conservative Party (UK)

|loser = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,508

|percentage = 2.1

|change = −2.5

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box new seat win|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

}}

{{Election box end}}

• Seat increased to three members.

{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 27 November 1867: Manchester}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Jacob Bright

|votes = 8,160

|percentage = 53.6

|change = +30.8

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = John Marsland Bennett{{cite news|title=Manchester|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000686/18671115/066/0004|work=Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer|date=15 November 1867|page=4|via = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}

|votes = 6,420

|percentage = 42.2

|change = New

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Mitchell Henry{{cite news|title=Representation of Manchester - Candidature of Mr Mitchell Henry|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000206/18671126/047/0001|work=Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser|date=26 November 1867|location=Manchester|page=1|via = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}

|votes = 643

|percentage = 4.2

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,740

|percentage = 11.4

|change = +6.8

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 15,223

|percentage = 70.7

|change = +14.0

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 21,542

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing = N/A

}}

{{Election box end}}

• James' death caused a by-election. Bright was an advanced Liberal, and Henry was a Whig liberal.{{cite news|title=Manchester|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000399/18671116/025/0005|work=Westmorland Gazette|date=16 November 1867|location=Cumbria|page=5|via = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1865: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Bazley

|votes = 7,909

|percentage = 32.4

|change = +2.8

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Edward James

|votes = 6,698

|percentage = 27.4

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Jacob Bright

|votes = 5,562

|percentage = 22.8

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Abel Heywood

|votes = 4,242

|percentage = 17.4

|change = −4.0

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,136

|percentage = 4.6

|change = −2.7

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 12,206 (est)

|percentage = 56.7 (est)

|change = −12.8

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 21,542

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing = N/A

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing = N/A

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1859: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Bazley

|votes = 7,545

|percentage = 29.6

|change = −1.1

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = James Aspinall Turner

|votes = 7,300

|percentage = 28.6

|change = −0.2

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Liberal Party (UK)

|candidate = Abel Heywood

|votes = 5,448

|percentage = 21.4

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Joseph Denman{{cite news|title=Manchester|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000206/18590430/035/0006|work=Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser|date=30 April 1859|pages=6–7|via = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}{{cite news|title=Manchester|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001308/18590504/148/0007|work=Wolverhampton Chronicle and Staffordshire Advertiser|date=4 May 1859|page=7|via = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}

|votes = 5,201

|percentage = 20.4

|change = New

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,852

|percentage = 7.2

|change = −1.1

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 12,747 (est)

|percentage = 69.5 (est)

|change = −6.1

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 18,334

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Liberal Party (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 17 November 1858: Manchester}}

{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link|

|party = Whigs (British political party)

|candidate = Thomas Bazley

}}

{{Election box hold with party link no swing|

|winner = Whigs (British political party)

}}

{{Election box end}}

• Caused by Potter's death.

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1857: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = John Potter

|votes = 8,368

|percentage = 30.7

|change =

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = James Aspinall Turner

|votes = 7,854

|percentage = 28.8

|change =

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Milner Gibson

|votes = 5,588

|percentage = 20.5

|change = −8.9

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = John Bright

|votes = 5,458

|percentage = 20.0

|change = −8.0

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 2,396

|percentage = 8.8

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 13,634 (est)

|percentage = 75.6 (est)

|change = +5.3

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 18,044

}}

{{Election box gain with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|loser = Radicals (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|loser = Radicals (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1852: Manchester (2 seats){{cite news|title=Stonehaven Journal|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001271/18520720/017/0002|date=20 July 1852|page=2|via = British Newspaper Archive|url-access=subscription }}}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = Thomas Milner Gibson

|votes = 5,762

|percentage = 29.4

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = John Bright

|votes = 5,475

|percentage = 28.0

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = George Loch

|votes = 4,364

|percentage = 22.3

|change = New

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Joseph Denman

|votes = 3,969

|percentage = 20.3

|change = New

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,111

|percentage = 5.7

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 9,785 (est)

|percentage = 70.3 (est)

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 13,921

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Radicals (UK)

|swing = N/A

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Radicals (UK)

|swing = N/A

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1847: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = John Bright

}}

{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Milner Gibson

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 12,841

}}

{{Election box hold with party link no swing|

|winner = Radicals (UK)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box gain with party link no swing|

|winner = Radicals (UK)

|loser = Whig (British political party)

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 13 July 1846: Manchester}}

{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Milner Gibson

}}

{{Election box hold with party link no swing|

|winner = Radicals (UK)

}}

{{Election box end}}

• Caused by Gibson's appointment as Vice-President of the Board of Trade

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1841: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = Mark Philips

|votes = 3,695

|percentage = 28.3

|change = −49.3

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Milner Gibson

|votes = 3,575

|percentage = 27.3

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = George Murray

|votes = 3,115

|percentage = 23.8

|change = +12.6

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = William Entwisle

|votes = 2,692

|percentage = 20.6

|change = +9.4

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 6,539 (est)

|percentage = 60.4 (est)

|change = {{circa|+5.5}}

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 10,818

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 120

|percentage = 1.0

|change = −13.4

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|swing = −31.0

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 460

|percentage = 3.5

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box gain with party link|

|winner = Radicals (UK)

|loser = Whig (British political party)

|swing =

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 7 September 1839: Manchester}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whigs (British political party)

|candidate = Robert Hyde Greg

|votes = 3,096

|percentage = 50.5

|change = −27.1

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = George Murray

|votes = 2,969

|percentage = 48.4

|change = +26.0

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = Thomas Perronet Thompson

|votes = 63

|percentage = 1.0

|change = N/A

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 127

|percentage = 2.1

|change = −12.3

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 6,128

|percentage = 54.8

|change = −0.1

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 11,185

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|swing = −26.6

}}

{{Election box end}}

• Caused by Poulett-Thomson's resignation after being appointed Governor-General of Canada

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1837: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = Charles Poulett-Thomson

|votes = 4,158

|percentage = 40.8

|change = +6.0

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = Mark Philips

|votes = 3,750

|percentage = 36.8

|change = +4.0

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = William Ewart Gladstone

|votes = 2,281

|percentage = 22.4

|change = −3.9

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,469

|percentage = 14.4

|change = +7.9

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 6,146

|percentage = 54.9

|change = −11.5

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 11,185

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|swing = +4.0

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|swing = +3.0

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin | title=By-election, 30 April 1835: Manchester}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = Charles Poulett-Thomson

|votes = 3,183

|percentage = 63.4

|change = −4.2

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Benjamin Braidley

|votes = 1,837

|percentage = 36.6

|change = +10.3

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 1,346

|percentage = 26.8

|change = +20.3

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 5,020

|percentage = 59.5

|change = −6.9

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 8,432

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|swing = −4.7

}}

{{Election box end}}

• Caused by Poulett-Thomson's appointment as President of the Board of Trade

{{Election box begin | title=General election 1835: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = Charles Poulett-Thomson

|votes = 3,355

|percentage = 34.8

|change = +13.5

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link|

|party = Whig (British political party)

|candidate = Mark Philips

|votes = 3,163

|percentage = 32.8

|change = +2.6

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Conservative Party (UK)

|candidate = Benjamin Braidley

|votes = 2,535

|percentage = 26.3

|change = +10.2

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = Charles Wolseley

|votes = 583

|percentage = 6.1

|change = −7.4

}}

{{Election box majority|

|votes = 628

|percentage = 6.5

|change = +4.1

}}

{{Election box turnout|

|votes = 5,595

|percentage = 66.4

|change = −11.9

}}

{{Election box registered electors|

|reg. electors = 8,432

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|swing = +8.6

}}

{{Election box hold with party link|

|winner = Whig (British political party)

|swing = +3.2

}}

{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change | title=General election 1832: Manchester (2 seats)}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|

|party = Whigs (British political party)

|candidate = Mark Philips

|votes = 2,923

|percentage = 30.2

}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|

|party = Whigs (British political party)

|candidate = Charles Poulett-Thomson

|votes = 2,068

|percentage = 21.3

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change|

|party = Whigs (British political party)

|candidate = Samuel Jones-Loyd

|votes = 1,832

|percentage = 18.9

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change|

|party = Tories (British political party)

|candidate = John Thomas Hope

|votes = 1,560

|percentage = 16.1

}}

{{Election box candidate with party link no change|

|party = Radicals (UK)

|candidate = William Cobbett

|votes = 1,305

|percentage = 13.5

}}

{{Election box majority no change|

|votes = 236

|percentage = 2.4

}}

{{Election box turnout no change|

|votes = 5,267

|percentage = 78.3

}}

{{Election box registered electors no change|

|reg. electors = 6,726

}}

{{Election box new seat win|

|winner = Whigs (British political party)

}}

{{Election box new seat win|

|winner = Whigs (British political party)

}}

{{Election box end}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20060520143104/http://www.manchester.gov.uk/elections/archive/gen1900.htm Manchester City Council Archive]

{{Manchester Constituencies}}

{{Reflist}}

Category:Parliamentary constituencies in Manchester (historic)

Category:Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1654

Category:Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1832

Category:Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 1885