Manchu chess
{{Short description|Variant of xiangqi created during the Qing dynasty}}
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| {{Xiangqi-position |rd|hd|ed|ad|gd|ad|ed|hd|rd | | | | | | | | | | |cd| | | | | |cd| |sd| |sd| |sd| |sd| |sd | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |sl| |sl| |sl| |sl| |sl | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |rl| |el|al|gl|al|el| | |25}}Manchu chess board and starting setup. The red chariot can also be placed on i1.{{harvnb|Wei|1990|p=237}} |
Manchu chess{{harvnb|Finkel|2007|p=126}} ({{zh|c=满洲棋|p=Mǎnzhōuqí}}{{harvnb|Xu|1984|p=4173}}), also known as Yitong{{harvnb|Cazaux|Knowlton|2017|p=105}} or Yitong chess ({{zh|c=一统棋|p=Yìtǒngqí}}{{harvnb|Wei|1990|p=236}}), is a variant of xiangqi. It was created during the Qing dynasty by the Bannermen and was one of the most popular board games among them.{{cite web |url=http://m.lnwhgx.org/Website/lnmzzyk/part4/4-3-4-2.html |title=Manchu Chess (满洲棋) |access-date=2017-11-26 |publisher=Liaoning Antique Archaeology Institute }}{{in lang|zh-hans}}
Rules
{{Main|Xiangqi#Pieces}}
Black's pieces are set up and move the same as in xiangqi, but horses, cannons, and one of the chariots are absent for Red. The remaining chariot has the combined powers of the chariot, horse, and cannon. Although Black appears to have the advantage, the lethality of the red chariot can easily lead to a losing endgame if Black does not play cautiously. The red chariot is believed to be the representation of Solon soldiers who were brave and battle-hardened during the Manchu conquest of China.{{harvnb|Xu|1984|pp=4173–4174}}
See also
Citations
{{reflist|30em}}
References
- {{Cite book |last1 = Cazaux |first1=Jean-Louis |last2= Knowlton |first2= Rick |title = A World of Chess: Its Development and Variations through Centuries and Civilizations |publisher = McFarland |year = 2017 |isbn = 9781476629018 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=1u02DwAAQBAJ&q=%22yitong%22&pg=PA395 }}
- {{Cite book |last = Finkel |first=Irving L. |title = Ancient Board Games in Perspective: Papers from the 1990 British Museum Colloquium, with Additional Contributions |publisher = British Museum Press |year = 2007 |isbn = 9780714111537 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=B20NAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Manchu+chess%22 }}
- {{Cite book |last = Wei |first=Zhixin |title = Peculiar Xiangqi Situation (象棋奇局) |publisher = Shaanxi Science and Technology Press |year = 1990 |isbn = 9787536907881 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0IPTcKCJU4gC&q=%22%E4%B8%80%E7%BB%9F%E6%A3%8B%22&pg=PA236 }}{{in lang|zh-hans}}
- {{Cite book |last =Xu |first=Ke |title = Qing Petty Matters Anthology (清稗类钞) |publisher = Zhonghua Book Company |year = 1984 |isbn = 9787101010732|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=F-YWAQAAIAAJ&q=%E6%BB%A1%E6%B4%B2%E6%A3%8B+%E6%B8%85%E7%A8%97%E7%B1%BB%E9%92%9E }}{{in lang|zh-hant}}
{{Chess variants|state=collapsed}}
Category:Abstract strategy games