Manhattan Life Insurance Company

Manhattan Life was incorporated on May 29, 1850, capitalizing on the recent trend of buying life insurance.{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19693532/the_manhattan_life_insurance/|title=The Manhattan Life Insurance|date=1850-08-16|work=The Evening Post|access-date=2018-04-30|location=New York, New York|language=en|via=Newspapers.com {{OpenAccess}}}} Alonzo Alvord was its first President, a serial entrepreneur who started as a haberdasher,{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19693707/the_oval_clinton_hat/|title=The Oval Clinton Hat|date=1824-05-04|work=Evening Post|access-date=2018-04-30|language=en|via=Newspapers.com {{OpenAccess}}}} had been an insurance agent and insurance company officer for about three years, and dabbled in politics.{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19693943/whig_state_nominations/|title=Whig State Nominations|date=1842-11-08|work=New-York Tribune|access-date=2018-04-30|language=en|via=Newspapers.com {{OpenAccess}}}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19694246/williamsburgh_fire_insurance_company/|title=Williamsburgh Fire Insurance Company|date=1847-07-21|work=The Brooklyn Eagle|access-date=2018-04-30|language=en|via=Newspapers.com {{OpenAccess}}}}

After the New York Deposit Law was passed in 1851, Manhattan Life created a joint-stock company. The goal was to provide corporate stability by creating a board of directors with a financial interest in the management. The new corporate structure protected the interests of policyholders by creating a mutual system whose profits belong to the insured. As an additional safeguard, one-half of the directors were to be policyholders whose premiums were at least $100 per year and all policyholders whose premiums equaled or exceeded $75 were entitled to vote. The company was successful and maintained a favorable record.{{Citation | title = The History of Life Insurance in the United States to 1870: With an Introduction to Its Development Abroad | publisher = University of Pennsylvania | pages = 114–115 | date = 1920}}

In early 1854, Manhattan Life issued its first group policy to a company that was transporting 700 labourers from China to the United States. Manhattan Life assumed a quarter of the financial risk, with other companies taking on the rest. The underwriting included a stipulation that a doctor be present on the ship, and that other needs pertaining to 'mortality' were available.{{cite news|title=Loose Change: Builders, insurers worry about mold|last=DiStefano|first=Joseph N.|date=May 14, 2002|newspaper=The Philadelphia Inquirer|pages=E01}}{{Citation|title=Slavery Era Insurance Registry Report May 2002|url=http://www.insurance.ca.gov/01-consumers/150-other-prog/10-seir/slavery-era-report.cfm|publisher=California Department of Insurance|access-date=January 26, 2015}}

By the end of the voyage, 11 laborers had died of disease and three had jumped overboard. Manhattan Life Insurance paid out a quarter of the total loss and made a $432 profit.

Between 1984 and 1986, the Manhattan Life parent company moved from a mixed stock and policy holder (mutual) model to a full stock ownership, moving Manhattan Life Insurance Company into the model with them.{{cite news | title = Manhattan National Corp | newspaper = Wall Street Journal | pages = Section 1; Page 31, Column 2 | date = September 6, 1984 }} The company was formerly a subsidiary of the Manhattan Life Corporation.{{cite news | title = Manhattan National Liquidation | newspaper = Wall Street Journal | pages = Section A; Page 2, Column 2 | date = November 15, 1991 }}

A 2009 New York State department of Financial Services report found a number of policyholder disclosure violations.{{cite web | url = http://www.dfs.ny.gov/insurance/exam_rpt/65870c09.pdf | title = REPORT ON EXAMINATION OF THE MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY| publisher = State of New York | date = June 28, 2011 | access-date = 12 May 2015}} A follow-up examination by the same department in 2014 revealed that subsequent actions were taken by the company to satisfy each of the citations in a manner acceptable to the Department.{{cite web | url = http://www.dfs.ny.gov/insurance/exam_rpt/65870c12.pdf | pages = 19, 21 | title = REPORT ON EXAMINATION OF THE MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY| publisher = State of New York | date = May 2, 2014 | access-date = August 27, 2015}}

In June 2020, ManhattanLife has confirmed that it plans to grow its national existence with the purchase of Standard Life and Casualty Insurance Company.{{Cite web|date=29 June 2020|title=ManhattanLife to acquire Standard Life and Casualty Insurance Company|url=https://www.reinsurancene.ws/manhattanlife-to-acquire-standard-life-and-casualty-insurance-company/|access-date=18 August 2020|website=Reinsurance News}}

For over forty years, Manhattan Life was content to rent office space, which was considered cheaper than buying real estate. In 1892, a majority of its board of directors decided that the firm should have its own home office. The company purchased two old buildings. With two years left on its lease as 156 Broadway, it prepared to build.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1892/02/26/archives/in-and-about-the-city-a-fourteenstory-building-the-manhattan-life.html|title=In and About the City; a Fourteen-Story Building. the Manhattan Life Insurance Company to Have New Quarters.|date=1892-02-26|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502071613/https://www.nytimes.com/1892/02/26/archives/in-and-about-the-city-a-fourteenstory-building-the-manhattan-life.html|archive-date=2018-05-02|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19695623/in_and_about_the_city/ Alt URL] In 1894, the company completed the first skyscraper in New York, and the tallest building in the world at the time: the Manhattan Life Insurance Building at 66 Broadway.{{Citation |title=Manhattan Life Insurance Building |url=http://www.emporis.com/building/manhattanlifeinsurancebuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025054247/http://www.emporis.com/building/manhattanlifeinsurancebuilding-newyorkcity-ny-usa |url-status=usurped |archive-date=October 25, 2012 |publisher=Emporis |access-date=July 11, 2013}}{{Citation|title=Manhattan Life Insurance Building|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7343|access-date=July 11, 2013}}The Underwriter, Life and Casualty: Historical and Biographical, Fidelity Publishing Company, 1896, p. 92. Demolition was set to start February 1, 1893,{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19695986/manhattan_life_insurance_co/|title=Manhattan Life Insurance Co.|date=1893-01-19|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=2018-04-30|language=en|via=Newspapers.com}} but was delayed several weeks by a dispute - sometimes violent - with a retail tenant.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1893/02/15/archives/wrecked-the-restaurant-violent-efforts-to-oust-a-new-street-tenant.html|title=Wrecked the Restaurant; Violent Efforts to Oust a New Street Tenant. Mr. Gossford Wants $1,000 for Moving -- First Came a Shower of Bricks and Mortar, Then a Midnight Raid -- Now the Courts Take a Hand.|date=1893-02-15|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180502071821/https://www.nytimes.com/1893/02/15/archives/wrecked-the-restaurant-violent-efforts-to-oust-a-new-street-tenant.html|archive-date=2018-05-02|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|via=Newspapers.com {{OpenAccess}}}} [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19696730/wrecked_the_restaurant/ Alt URL] Though originally planned for fourteen floors, it was ultimately constructed with 18, but having a two-story setback on Broadway.

It was sold by the company in 1926, to Manufacturers Trust Company, though there is no indication that Manhattan Life moved out after the sale. The building was in turn sold two years later to Central Union Trust Company of New York, which promptly moved its headquarters there from down the block at 80 Broadway, so that it could sell the other building and adjacent buildings it owned to Irving Trust.{{Citation|title=66 BROADWAY SOLD; LONG A LANDMARK; Central Union Trust Reported Buyer of Manhattan Life Insurance Building. IT HOLDS ADJACENT SITE Land and 18-Story Building, Put Up in 1894, Is Assessed at $4,000,000 by the City.|url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10F17F93A59127A93CAA81789D85F4C8285F9&scp=1&sq=Manhattan+Life+Insurance+Building&st=p|work=New York Times|access-date=July 11, 2013}} Irving Trust built its much larger One Wall Street headquarters there, later buying 66 Broadway in order to build an extension of One Wall.{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/19689774/news_of_bankers_and_banks/|title=News of Bankers and Banks|date=1928-05-02|work=Brooklyn Eagle|access-date=2018-04-30|language=en|via=Newspapers.com {{OpenAccess}}}}

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Category:Life insurance companies of the United States

Category:Insurance companies based in New York City

Category:Financial services companies established in 1850