Marcello Bacciarelli
{{Short description|Italian-born Polish painter (1731–1818)}}
{{Infobox artist
| name = Marcello Bacciarelli
| image = Bacciarelli Self-portrait in brown frock coat.jpg
| image_size = 240px
| caption = Self-portrait, 1793
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 16 February 1731
| birth_place = Rome, Papal States
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1818|1|5|1731|2|16}}
| death_place = Warsaw, Congress Poland
| nationality = Polish-Italian
| known_for = Painting, drawing
| training =
| movement = Baroque, Neoclassicism
| notable_works =
| patrons =
| awards =
}}
Marcello Bacciarelli ({{IPA|it|marˈtʃɛllo battʃaˈrɛlli}}; 16 February 1731 – 5 January 1818) was an Italian-born painter of the late-baroque and Neoclassic periods active in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Biography
He was born in Rome, and studied there under Marco Benefial. In 1750, with the recommendation of the architect Gaetano Chiaveri, Marcello was recruited to Dresden in Saxony, where he was employed by Elected King Augustus III of Poland.[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZlZekvF_efkC Catalogue of the Collection of Miniatures the Property of JP Morgan, Volume 3] by GC Williamson (1905). After the death of King Augustus, Marcello went to Vienna, and thence to Warsaw. In Dresden, he met Bernardo Bellotto and worked with this Italian painter throughout his life. He was recruited by King Stanisław II Augustus in 1766 to become the Director of the newly founded Royal Buildings and Estates.
In Dresden, he married Friederike Richter, a woman painter known for miniature portraits.
In Vienna, Marcello painted portraits of the imperial family, including the four daughters of Maria Teresa, Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen and her husband, prince Albert.K. Niemira, Piu bravo pittore che fosse in Vienna, or Marcello Bacciarelli on the Habsburg Court and in Viennese Salons, „Journal of the National Museum in Warsaw”, 2019, no 8 (44), pp. 223-253. In Warsaw, he painted a set of portraits depicting nearly all Polish kings, from Bolesław I the Brave to the last king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Stanisław II Augustus who was also Bacciarelli's patron and admirer. He also made a portrait of Izabela Lubomirska in her wedding gown, that she commissioned years later after her marriage.[http://www.wilanow-palac.pl/the_ideal_eighteenth_century_wedding_gown_of_izabela_lubomirska.html The Ideal Eighteenth-Century Wedding Gown of Izabela Lubomirska] at the Wilanów Palace Museum (accessed 9 November 2011)] Bacciarelli was also keen in painting culturally significant scenes from the history of Poland. Following the partitions of Poland and after Napoleon's rise to power he moved to the Duchy of Warsaw, a client state of the First French Empire and died in 1818.
A number of his paintings were painted for King Stanisław II Augustus of Poland and are in the Royal Castle in Warsaw. These include:
- Strength, Reason, Belief, and Justice, in the Old Audience Chamber
- The Flourishing of the Arts, Sciences, Agriculture, and Trade on the ceiling of the Old Audience Chamber
- Rebecca and Eleazar in the King's Bedroom
- Esther and Ahasuerus in the King's Bedroom
During Bacciarelli's early years in Warsaw, the young Alexander Kucharsky began to train as a painter in his studio.[http://www.museelouisxvii.com/kucharsky.htm Le peintre KUCHARSKY] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209175322/http://www.museelouisxvii.com/kucharsky.htm |date=2012-02-09 }} at museelouisxvii.com (accessed 28 December 2007) Another notable pupil of Bacciarelli's was Kazimierz Wojniakowski.
Gallery
File:Stanisław II August Poniatowski in coronation clothes.PNG|Stanisław II Augustus, King of Poland
File:Marcello Bacciarelli - Heinrich Graf von Brühl.jpeg|Count Brühl
File:Bacciarelli - Jan Kazimierz.jpeg|King John II Casimir
File:August II the Strong by Marcello Bacciarelli.PNG|Augustus the Strong
File:Bacciarelli Marie Christine 1766.jpg|Arch- duchess Maria Christina
File:Bacciarelli Blue Marquise.jpg|Blue Marquise
File:Bacciarelli Anna Lampel.jpg|Anna Lampel
File:Izabella Poniatowska Branicka.jpg|Izabella Branicka
File:Stanisław Poniatowski (1676-1762).PNG|Stanisław Ponia- towski
File:Countess Henrietta Friederika von Bünau.jpg|Countess Henrietta Friederika von Bünau
References
{{commons category|Marcello Bacciarelli}}
- {{cite book| first=Michael| last=Bryan| year=1886| title=Dictionary of Painters and Engravers, Biographical and Critical |volume=I: A-K | editor = Robert Edmund Graves| publisher=George Bell and Sons|location=London |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4GYCAAAAYAAJ&q=DICTIONARY+AACHEN+AALST| page= 66}}
{{reflist}}
{{See also|Bacciarelli}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bacciarelli, Marcello}}
Category:18th-century Polish–Lithuanian painters
Category:19th-century Polish painters
Category:19th-century Italian male artists
Category:18th-century Italian painters
Category:Italian male painters
Category:19th-century Italian painters
Category:Court painters of Polish kings
Category:Polish people of Italian descent