Marcello Gigante

Gigante was born in Buccino, near Salerno, and studied Classics at the University of Naples Federico II.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}} He graduated in 1944 defending a dissertation in Greek literature, tutored by Vittorio de Falco and Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}{{Sfn|Càssola|2003–2004|p=345}} His dissertation was on the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}{{Sfn|Càssola|2003–2004|p=345}} In 1947 he won a scholarship awarded by the Istituto Italiano per gli Studi Storici (IISS), which he had been frequenting since its foundation in 1946 by Benedetto Croce.{{Sfn|Pugliese Carratelli|2002|p=6}}

From 1949 to 1960 he taught Greek and Latin languages and literatures in high schools in Naples. In 1951 he was habilitated to university teaching and from 1953 he worked as appointed professor in Byzantine literature at the University of Naples. In 1956 he was awarded an annual scholarship by the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung and worked as researcher at the University of Bonn.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}

In 1958 Gigante won a national selection for university professors and in 1960 was nominated full tenured professor in Byzantine philology at the University of Trieste.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}{{Sfn|Càssola|2003–2004|p=345}} From 1961 he also taught History of Ancient Philosophy.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}} In 1968 he moved back to Naples and became full professor in Greek and Latin grammar at the Federico II University, moving to the chair of Greek literature in 1981.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}} In 1969 he founded the Centro Internazionale per lo Studio dei Papiri Ercolanesi (CISPE) and in 1971 he created the chair of Herculaneum papyrology, which he held from 1971 to 1983. He retired in 1995 and was nominated Emeritus in 1998.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}

Gigante served as chair of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Trieste (1966–68) and of the Institute (later Department) of Classical philology of the University of Naples for a cumulative twenty-two years. From 1982 to his death he served as the president of the Associazione Italiana di Cultura Classica. In 1983 he chaired the XVII International Congress of Papyrology (held in Naples). In 1987 he was awarded a honorary degree by the University of Athens.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}{{Sfn|Càssola|2003–2004|p=345}}

Gigante was married to Valeria (née Lanzara) since 1960, who had previously studied under him at the Antonio Genovesi High School in Naples.{{Harvnb|Longo Auricchio|2018}}. She worked as a teacher of Classics in high school and published annotated translations of Hellenistic poets.{{Harvnb|Arato|2018}}, {{Harvnb|Callimaco|1984}}, {{Harvnb|Licofrone|2000}}, {{Harvnb|Nicandro|2022}}, {{Harvnb|Posidippo|2009}}, {{Harvnb|Teocrito|1992}}. They had four children, Giulia (Naples 1960),She is credited as translator of {{Harvnb|Wilson|1990}}. Mauro (Trieste 1962 – Naples 1969), Bruna (Naples 1970) and Claudio (Naples 1972).{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}

Although Gigante worked extensively in the field of Byzantine studies — most notably on Theodore Metochites and some Italo-Greek poets — and began his academic career as a Byzantinist,See {{Harvnb|Tessier|2003–2004}}. his main focus was on the history of ancient philosophy (mainly Epicureanism and the poet Philodemus of Gadara) and the Herculaneum papyri. His first printed paper was on papyrological matters — a commentary on P. Ryl. 460, an anonymous historiographical work on Philip II of Macedon's Asian campaign{{Sfn|Gigante|1946}} — and he published a critical edition with commentary of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia.{{Harvnb|Gigante|1949}}; compare {{Harvnb|Gigante|1948}}. Other classical texts he critically edited and/or commented are the speech Against Epicrates by Lysias and the Constitution of Athens attributed to Xenophon.{{Harvnb|Gigante|1953a}}, {{Harvnb|Lysias|1960}}. His third monograph, which some consider his best work,{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}} was a detailed analysis of Pindar's fragment 169 Schröder.{{Harvnb|Gigante|1956}}, repr. {{Harvnb|Gigante|1993a}}. His research papers on Greek and Latin classical poetry were reprinted in 2006.{{Sfn|Gigante|2006}} He collaborated with the scientific journal «La Parola del Passato», founded by Pugliese Carratelli, since its first volume and officially entered the board in 1948 as secretary.He remained in the scientific and editorial board for the rest of his life.

According to his tutor and friend Pugliese Carratelli, Gigante had the opportunity to study and become interested in the history of ancient philosophy while attending the weekly meetings at the IISS, which led to his full translation of the Lives of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laërtius{{Harvnb|Diogene Laerzio|1962}}, {{Harvnb|Diogene Laerzio|1998}}. and the collected edition he promoted of the fragments of the lesser Platonic philosophers.{{Sfn|Pugliese Carratelli|2002|p=6}}

In the field of Byzantine studies, he published the editio princeps of an essay by Theodore Metochites on Demosthenes and Aelius Aristides,{{Harvnb|Gigante|1965}}; {{Harvnb|Metochite|1969}}. a collection of minor Italo-Greek poets,{{Harvnb|Gigante|1979}}. the poems of Eugenius of Palermo and the Anacreontics of Sophronius.{{Harvnb|Sophronius|1957}}, {{Harvnb|Eugenius Panormitanus|1964}}. He also studied Maximus Planudes and his translation of the Somnium Scipionis.{{Harvnb|Gigante|1958}}. Part of his papers pertaining to Byzantine studies were reprinted in 1981.{{Sfn|Gigante|1981c}} He continued to work on Byzantine texts, and specifically on Metochites's On Education, until the early 1980s.{{Harvnb|Follieri|1997|p=30 n. 147}}. Gigante delivered a communication to the Viennese International Congress of Byzantine Studies (1981) announcing the editio princeps of Metochites' essay (which he never published): {{Harvnb|Gigante|1982|p=}}.

At the same time, he became increasingly interested in the Herculaneum papyri since he was a student, and he had the opportunity to meet a major expert in the field, Wolfgang Schmidt, when Schmidt travelled to Naples in 1953 to study P.Herc. 831 (a text by Demetrius Lacon), and again in 1956–57 in Bonn.{{Sfn|Longo Auricchio|2018}}{{Harvnb|Gigante|1993c}}; {{Harvnb|Leone|2007|pp=63–66}}. He began systematically working on the Herculaneum papyri after his return to Naples, founding the CISPE, a specific scholarly journal («Cronache Ercolanesi», from 1971), and organizing the study and editing of the scrolls though scholarships and Master's dissertations which he personally assigned and tutored. Starting from the early 1960s, he also researched the life and works of Philodemus, the poet-philosopher best represented in the Herculaneum papyri.{{Harvnb|Gigante|1969}}, {{Harvnb|Gigante|1998a}}, {{Harvnb|Gigante|1998b}}, {{Harvnb|Gigante|2002a}}. He edited the Glossarium Epicureum left unpublished by Hermann Usener{{Sfn|Usener|1977}} and published two volumes (one posthumous) of his own Herculaneum papers.{{Harvnb|Gigante|1993b}} and {{Harvnb|Gigante|2002b}}.

In 1983 he chaired the XVII International Congress of Papyrology, which included a specific section devoted to Herculaneum papyri, and in 1993 an international congress on Epicureanism.See the proceedings: {{Harvnb|Gigante|1984}}, {{Harvnb|Giannantoni|Gigante|1996}}.

A list of his research papers and reviews published in «La Parola del Passato» is printed in {{Harvnb|Gigante|2002c|p=|pp=21–24}}.

• {{Cite book |last= |first= |title=Le elleniche di Ossirinco |publisher=Gismondi |year=1949 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |series=Convivium, 9 |location=Rome}}
• {{Cite book |last= |first= |title=La costituzione degli Ateniesi. Studi sullo Pseudo-Senofonte |publisher=Giannini |year=1953a |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |location=Naples}}
• {{Cite book |last= |first= |title=Poeti italobizantini del secolo XIII |publisher=Libreria Scientifica Editrice |year=1953b |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |edition= |series=Collana di studi greci, 22 |location=Naples}} Preliminary editions and further materials:
• {{Cite journal |last=Borsari |first=Silvano |date=1951a |title=Poeti italo-bizantini di terra d'Otranto nel secolo XIII (I.–III.) |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=19 |issue= |pages=287–315|last2=Gigante|first2=M.}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1951b |title=Poeti bizantini di terra d'Otranto nel secolo XIII (IV.) |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=20 |issue= |pages=367–390}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1954 |title=Poeti italobizantini di Terra d’Otranto. Altri versi di Giovanni Grasso |journal=Ἑλληνικά |volume=13 |issue= |pages=111–121}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Borsari |first=S. |last2=Gigante |first2=M. |date=1953 |title=Ancora sui poeti bizantini di terra d'Otranto |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=29 |issue= |pages=140–156}}A reply to {{Harvnb|Parlàngeli|Parlàngeli|1951}}, {{Harvnb|Parlàngeli|1953a}} and {{Harvnb|Parlàngeli|1953b}}. See {{Harvnb|Capone|2022}}.
• {{Cite book |last= |first= |title=Poeti bizantini di terra d'Otranto del secolo XIII |publisher=Università di Napoli |year=1979 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |edition=2nd |series=Byzantina et Neo-hellenica Neapolitana, 7 |location=Naples}}
• {{Cite book |last= |first= |title=Poeti bizantini di terra d'Otranto del secolo XIII |publisher=Congedo |year=1985 |isbn=9788877862952 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |edition=reprint of 2nd |series=Storia e cultura, 4 |location=Galatina}}
• {{Cite book |last=Sophronius |first= |title=Anacreontica |publisher=Gismondi |year=1957 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |location=Rome}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1958 |title=Ciceronis somnium Scipionis in Graecum a Maximo Planude translatum |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=59–60 |issue= |pages=173–194}}
• {{Cite book |last=Lysias |first= |author-link=Lysias |title=Contro Epicrate |publisher=Loffredo |year=1960 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |edition=2nd |location=Naples}}
• {{Cite book |last=Diogene Laerzio |first= |title=Vite dei Filosofi |publisher=Laterza |year=1962 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |location=Rome – Bari|author-link=Diogenes Laertius}}
• {{Cite book |last=Diogene Laerzio |first= |title=Vite dei Filosofi |publisher=Laterza |year=1998 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |location=Rome – Bari|edition=2nd|volume=I–II}}
• {{Cite book |last=Eugenius Panormitanus |first= |title=Versus iambici |publisher=Istituto Siciliano di Studi Bizantini e Neoellenici |year=1964 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |series=Testi e monumenti: Testi, 10 |location=Palermo}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1965 |title=Il saggio critico di Teodoro Metochites su Demostene e Aristide |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=100 |issue= |pages=51–92}}
• Reprint with addenda: {{Cite book |last=Metochite |first=Teodoro |title=Saggio critico su Demostene e Aristide |publisher=Istituto Editoriale Cisalpino |year=1969 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |series=Testi e documenti per lo studio dell'Antichità, 27 |location=Milano–Varese}}

• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1946 |title=Frammenti di un'epitome di φιλιππικά (P. Ryl. 490) |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=1 |issue= |pages=127–137}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1948 |title=Lo storico di Ossirinco |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=9 |issue= |pages=228–244}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Nomos basileus |publisher=Edizioni Glaux |year=1956 |location=Naples}}
• Reprint: {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Nomos basileus |publisher=Bibliopolis |year=1993a |isbn=9788870882827 |location=Naples}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1967 |title=Per l'interpretazione di Teodoro Metochites quale umanista bizantino |journal=Rivista di Studi Bizantini e Neoellenici |volume=14 |issue= |pages=11–25}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Ricerche filodemee |publisher=Macchiaroli |year=1969 |location=Naples|series=Biblioteca de «La Parola del Passato», 6}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Saggi di papirologia ercolanese |last2=Jensen |first2=Christian |last3=Schmidt |first3=Wolfgang |publisher=Morano |year=1979 |location=Naples}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Scetticismo ed epicureismo |publisher=Bibliopolis |year=1981a |location=Naples}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Cinismo e Epicureismo |publisher=Bibliopolis |year=1981b |location=Naples|isbn=9788870882810|series=Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano Studi Filosofici, 29}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M. |date=1982 |title=Logos basileus. Cenni introduttivi all'inedito Protrettico di Teodoro Metochites |journal=Jahrbuch der österreichischen Byzantinistik |volume=32 |issue=4 |pages=359–378}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Filodemo in Italia |publisher=Le Monnier |year=1990 |location=Florence|isbn=88-00-83623-2|series=Bibliotechina del Saggiatore ; 49}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Altre ricerche filodemee |publisher=Macchiaroli |year=1998a |location=Naples|series=Biblioteca de «La Parola del Passato», 18|isbn=9788822209535}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Filodemo nella storia della letteratura greca |publisher=Accademia di Archeologia Lettere e Belle Arti |year=1998b |location=Naples|series=Memorie dell'Accademia di Archeologia Lettere e Belle Arti, 11|isbn=}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Il libro degli epigrammi di Filodemo |publisher=Bibliopolis |year=2002a |location=Naples}} (posthumous)

• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Scritti sulla civiltà letteraria bizantina |publisher=Bibliopolis |year=1981c |location=Naples|isbn=9788870880311}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Ἄτακτα. Contributi alla papirologia ercolanese |publisher=Leo S. Olschki |year=1993b |location=Florence|isbn=9788822209320|series=Biblioteca de «La Parola del Passato», 17|volume=I}}
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Ἄτακτα. Contributi alla papirologia ercolanese |publisher=Leo S. Olschki |year=2002b |location=Florence |isbn=9788822209375 |series=Biblioteca de «La Parola del Passato», 19 |volume=II}} (posthumous)
• {{Cite book |last=Gigante |first=M. |title=Scritti sulla poesia greca e latina |publisher=Fridericiana Editrice Universitaria |year=2006 |isbn=9788883380273 |volume=I–II |location=Naples}} (posthumous)

• {{Cite book |last=Usener |first=Hermann |title=Glossarium Epicureum |publisher=Edizioni dell'Ateneo & Bizzarri |year=1977 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |series=Lessico Intellettuale Europeo, 14 |location=Rome|isbn=9788822209740|author-link=Hermann Usener|editor-last2=Schmidt|editor-first2=W.}}
• {{Cite book |last= |first= |title=Atti del XVII Congresso di Internazionale di Papirologia: Napoli, 17-26 maggio 1983 |publisher=CISPE |year=1984 |editor-last=Gigante |editor-first=M. |volume=I–III |location=Naples}}
• {{Cite book |last= |first= |title=Epicureismo greco e romano: Atti del congresso internazionale: Napoli, 19-26 maggio 1993 |publisher=Bibliopolis |year=1996 |editor-last=Giannantoni |editor-first=Gabriele |volume=I–III |location=Naples |editor-last2=Gigante |editor-first2=M.}}

• {{Cite journal |last=Capone |first=Alessandro |date=2022 |title=Oronzo Parlàngeli e i poeti bizantini di terra d'Otranto del XIII secolo |journal=Lingue e Linguaggi |volume=51 |issue= |pages=251–261 |doi=10.1285/i22390359v51p251}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Càssola |first=Filippo |date=2003–2004 |title=Ricordo di Marcello Gigante |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10077/925 |journal=Incontri Triestini di Filologia Classica |volume=3 |pages=345–350}}
• {{Cite book |last=Follieri |first=Enrica |author-link=Enrica Follieri |title=Byzantina et Italograeca. Studi di filologia e di paleografia |publisher=Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura |year=1997 |isbn=9788890013843 |editor-last=Acconcia Longo |editor-first=Augusta |series=Storia e Letteratura, 195 |location=Rome |pages=29–30 |chapter=La filologia bizantina in Italia nel secolo XX |editor-last2=Perria |editor-first2=Lidia |editor-last3=Luzzi |editor-first3=Andrea}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M |date=1993c |title=Marginalia Bonnensia (Bonn 1956/57) |journal=Eikasmos |volume=4 |issue= |pages=27–32|url=https://www2.classics.unibo.it/eikasmos/index.php?page=pdfview&mark=ricerca&title=Testo%20pieno&pdf=../../eikasmos/eik_pdf/1993/Gigante_93.pdf}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Gigante |first=M |date=2002c |title=Trenta anni |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=322 |issue= |pages=10–24 |url=}}
• {{Cite book |last=Leone |first=Giuliana |title=Hermae. Scholars and Scholarship in Papyrology |publisher=Fabrizio Serra |year=2007 |series=Biblioteca degli «Studi di Egittologia e di Papirologia», 7 |volume=II |location=Pisa – Rome |pages=63–80 |chapter=Wolfgang Schmid (1913-1980)|isbn=9788862273374|editor-last=Capasso|editor-first=Mario}}
• {{Cite web |last=Longo Auricchio |first=Francesca |date=2018 |title=Marcello GIGANTE |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/marcello-gigante_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ |website=Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Parlàngeli |first=Oronzo |date=1953a |title=Sulla scuola poetica greco-salentina del XIII secolo |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=29 |issue= |pages=132–139}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Parlàngeli |first=O. |date=1953b |title=Review of {{harvnb|Gigante|1953b}} |journal=Paideia |volume=10 |issue=2–3 |pages=133–137}}
• {{Cite book |last=Parlàngeli |first=Addolorata |title=Atti dell’VIII congresso di studi bizantini (Palermo, 3–10 aprile 1951) |last2=Parlàngeli |first2=O. |publisher=Associazione Nazionale per gli Studi Bizantini |year=1951 |series=Studi Bizantini e Neoellenici, 7 |volume=I |location=Rome |pages=160–176 |chapter=La scuola poetica greco-salentina del XIII secolo}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Pugliese Carratelli |first=G. |date=2002 |title=Ricordo di Marcello Gigante |journal=La Parola del Passato |volume=322 |issue= |pages=5–9 |url=}}
• {{Cite journal |last=Tessier |first=Andrea |date=2003–2004 |title=Ricordo di Marcello Gigante bizantinista |url=http://hdl.handle.net/10077/926 |journal=Incontri Triestini di Filologia Classica |volume=3 |pages=351–356}}
• {{Cite book |last=Wilson |first=Nigel G. |title=Filologi bizantini |publisher=Morano |others=Foreword by M. Gigante |year=1990 |series=Collana di Filologia Classica, 5 |location=Naples |translator-last=Gigante |translator-first=Giulia}}

• {{Cite book |last=Arato |first= |author-link=Aratus |title=Fenomeni |publisher=Garzanti |others= |year=2018 |isbn=9788811811664 |editor-last=Gigante Lanzara |editor-first=V. |series= |location=Milan |translator-last= |translator-first=}}
• {{Cite book |last=Callimaco |first= |author-link=Callimachus |title=Inni, Chioma di Berenice |publisher=Garzanti |others= |year=1984 |isbn= |editor-last=Gigante Lanzara |editor-first=V. |series= |location=Milan |translator-last= |translator-first=}}
• {{Cite book |last=Licofrone |first= |author-link=Lycophron |title=Alessandra |publisher=BUR |others= |year=2000 |isbn=8817173320 |editor-last=Gigante Lanzara |editor-first=V. |series= |location=Milan |translator-last= |translator-first=}}
• {{Cite book |last=Nicandro |first= |author-link=Nicander |title=Theriaka – Alexipharmaka |publisher=Leo S. Olschki |others= |year=2022 |isbn=9788822268242 |editor-last=Gigante Lanzara |editor-first=V. |series=Biblioteca dell'«Archivum Romanicum» • Serie I: Storia, Letteratura, Paleografia, 524 |location=Florence |translator-last= |translator-first=}}
• {{Cite book |last=Posidippo |first= |author-link=Posidippus (epigrammatic poet) |title=Epigrammi |publisher=Bibliopolis |others= |year=2009 |isbn=9788870885835 |editor-last=Gigante Lanzara |editor-first=V. |series= |location=Naples |translator-last= |translator-first=}}
• {{Cite book |last=Teocrito |first= |author-link=Theocritus |title=Idilli |publisher=Garzanti |others= |year=1992 |isbn=9788811811428 |editor-last=Gigante Lanzara |editor-first=V. |series= |location=Milan |translator-last= |translator-first=}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gigante, Marcello}}

Category:Italian academics

Category:Italian papyrologists

Category:University of Naples Federico II alumni