Marishes
{{Short description|Civil parish in North Yorkshire, England}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox UK place
| official_name = Marishes
| type = Civil parish
| country = England
| unitary_england = North Yorkshire
| lieutenancy_england = North Yorkshire
| region = Yorkshire and the Humber
| static_image_name = C of E Church, Low Marishes - geograph.org.uk - 1989429.jpg
| static_image_alt = A small brick buot church with a sharp steeple on the right hand side
| static_image_caption = Anglican church in Low Marishes
| area_total_sq_mi =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_footnotes =
| population = 140
| population_ref = (2015) NYCC{{cite web |title=2015 Population Estimates Parishes |url=https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/sites/default/files/fileroot/About%20the%20council/North%20Yorkshire%20statistics/Parish_mid-year_population_estimates_2015.pdf |website=northyorks.gov.uk |access-date=25 September 2022 |page=16 |date=December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604015709/https://www.northyorks.gov.uk/sites/default/files/fileroot/About%20the%20council/North%20Yorkshire%20statistics/Parish_mid-year_population_estimates_2015.pdf|archive-date=4 June 2022|url-status=dead}}
| os_grid_reference = SE815774
| map_type =
| map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|54.190|-0.753|display=inline, title}}
| label_position =
| post_town = MALTON
| postcode_area = YO
| postcode_district = YO17
| dial_code = 01653
| constituency_westminster = Thirsk and Malton
}}
Marishes is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. The parish has an area of some {{convert|1,199|hectare|order=flip}}, and is located between Malton and Pickering in the low-lying Vale of Pickering. Whilst the main occupation of the residents in the parish is agricultural in nature, the area is known for its onshore gas field. In 2015, the population of the parish was estimated to be 140.
History
Marishes parish occupies a swathe of low-lying land, bordered on three sides by watercourses; the River Derwent to the east, the Costa Beck to the west and the River Rye to the south.{{cite map|title =Howardian Hills & Malton |map =300 |year = 2015|scale =1:25,000 |series =Explorer |publisher =Ordnance Survey |isbn =978-0-319-24552-1 }} The parish has two hamlets, High Marishes, and Low Marishes, which are {{convert|20.6|m|order=flip}} and {{convert|20.4|m|order=flip}} above sea level respectively.{{cite web |title=High Marishes |url=https://getoutside.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/local/high-marishes-ryedale |website=getoutside.ordnancesurvey.co.uk |access-date=25 September 2022}}{{cite web |title=Low Marishes |url=https://getoutside.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/local/low-marishes-ryedale |website=getoutside.ordnancesurvey.co.uk |access-date=25 September 2022}} The name derives from the Old Norse Mersc, meaning The Marshes. The land was mostly marsh until it was drained.{{cite book |last1=Ekwall |first1=Eilert |author-link=Eilert Ekwall |title=The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names |date=1960 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=0-19-869103-3 |page= 314|edition=4}}{{#tag:ref|Various parts of the parish had names prefixed with personal names, but all ending in a variant of Mersc; Aschilesmares, Aschelesmere, Chiluesmares, Chiluesmarsc, Kilverdesmersh, Culverthesmersch, Maxudesmares, and Maxudesmersc.{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=A. H. |title=The Place Names of the North Riding of Yorkshire |date=1979|orig-date=1928|oclc= 19714705|publisher=English Place Name Society|page=84}}|name=Mersc|group=note}} The area was mentioned in the Domesday Book as Loft Marishes, but no recorded population.{{cite web |title=Loft Marishes {{!}} Domesday Book |url=https://opendomesday.org/place/SE8779/loft-marishes/ |website=opendomesday.org |access-date=25 September 2022}} At the Dissolution, Loft Marishes/Loftmarish belonged to Rievaulx Abbey (along with Deerholme, a named place in the modern parish). It was last mentioned in 1649.{{sfn|Page|1968|p=470}}
The size of the parish has changed over time; in 1872 it was {{convert|2,289|acre}},{{cite web |title=Marishes North Riding |url=https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/13386 |website=visionofbritain.org.uk |access-date=25 September 2022}} and by 1890, it was {{convert|2,858|acre}}.{{sfn|Bulmer|1890|p=1,007}} At the 1901 census it covered {{convert|2,335|acre}},{{cite book |editor1-last=Page |editor1-first=William |title=The Victoria history of the county of York. vol 3 |date=1907 |publisher=Constable & Co |location=London |page=519|oclc=500092527}} and at the 2011 census it was {{convert|1,199|ha|order=flip}}.{{NOMIS2011|id=E04007605|title=Marishes Parish|accessdate=25 September 2022}} A Wesleyan chapel was erected in 1848, and an Anglican church in 1863.{{sfn|Page|1968|p=463}} The church, which is in the hamlet of Low Marishes, is still a place of worship (as a chapel-of-ease) in the Benefice of Pickering with Lockton and Levisham.{{cite web |title=St Francis |url=https://www.achurchnearyou.com/church/19328/more-information/ |website=www.achurchnearyou.com |access-date=25 September 2022}} The structure is a grade II listed building and is noted for its unusual spire, being prominent in the flat landscape.{{NHLE|desc=Low Marishes Church |num=1268468 |grade=II|access-date=25 September 2022 }}{{cite web |title=St Peter's and St Paul's Church Pickering |url=https://www.pickeringchurch.com/the-benefice.html |website=pickeringchurch.com |access-date=25 September 2022}} In 2004, an application was made to allow for automatic licensing for weddings, and it was found that the church had been running for 140 years without a licence for public worship. It was at this time that the dedication to St Francis was approved.{{cite news |title=Church to correct error 140 years late |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AWGLNB&t=continent%3AEurope%21Europe/country%3AEngland%21England&sort=YMD_date%3AA&page=4&fld-base-0=alltext&maxresults=20&val-base-0=%22Marishes%22&docref=news/10D85B0052B94ABF |access-date=25 September 2022 |work=infoweb.newsbank.com |date=18 October 2004|url-access=subscription}}
In 1893, the parish was described as a "township and chapelry in the Whitby Division of the [North] Riding." The school, which had been built in 1830, had an enrolment of 23 pupils, but could accommodate 45.{{cite book |title=Kelly's Directory of N & E Ridings of Yorkshire, 1893. [Part 1: Places] |date=1893 |publisher=Kellys Directories |location=London |page=150|oclc=970376017}} An ecclesiastical parish profile in 2020, found that most of the current residents are employed in agriculture, and are scattered across the parish, with almost 20 houses in High Marishes, and 16 dwellings in Low Marishes.{{cite web |title=The Benefice of Pickering with Levisham, Lockton and Marishes |url=https://dioceseofyork.org.uk/uploads/attachment/4556/pickering-profile.pdf |website=dioceseofyork.org.uk |page=7 |date=2020}}
The parish is bisected by the A169 Road, which connects Malton in the south, with Pickering in the north.{{cite news |last1=Shields |first1=Rachel |title=A169 - As a sampler to the delights of God's Own County, the road from Malton to Whitby is hard to beat. Rachel Shields guides us up through the North Yorkshire Moors and then down to the sea |work=The Independent |date=15 August 2010 |page=6|issn=1741-9743}} The parish used to have a railway station on the Malton to Pickering line, but this closed in March 1965.{{cite book |last1=Hoole |first1=K. |title=Railway stations of the North East |date=1985 |publisher=David & Charles |location=Newton Abbot |isbn=0-7153-8527-5 |page=178}} The station was known as {{rws|Marishes Road}}, and was located on the road between the A169 and Thornton-le-Dale, outside of both Marishes hamlets. Public transport is now provided on the A169 with the Coastliner buses (number 840) between Leeds, York and Pickering.{{cite web |title=Marishes |url=https://bustimes.org/localities/marishes |website=bustimes.org |access-date=25 September 2022}}
= Gas field =
Marishes parish sits atop a gas field, which produces hydrocarbons for a gas-fired power station at East Knapton. Drilling in the area was first undertaken in 1937, and gas fields under the parish were first discovered in 1988. Production from Marishes started in 1998.{{cite web |last1=Harrison |first1=D. J. |last2=Henney |first2=P. J. |last3=Minchin |first3=D. |last4=McEvoy |first4=F. M. |last5=Cameron |first5=D. G. |last6=Hobbs |first6=S. F. |title=Mineral Resource Information in Support of National, Regional and Local Planning: North Yorkshire (comprising North Yorkshire, Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors National Parks and City of York) |url=https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/mineralsuk/download/england/northYorkshire.pdf |website=bgs.ac.uk |access-date=26 September 2022 |page=19 |date=2006}} The gas is from a field known as the Kirkham Abbey Formation, which is known to be heavy with hydrogen sulphide (sour gas).{{cite book |last1=Harrison |first1=D. |last2=Haarhoff |first2=M. |last3=Heath-Clarke |first3=M. |last4=Hodgson |first4=W. |last5=Hughes |first5=F. |last6=Ware |first6=D. |last7=Mortimer |first7=A. |editor1-last=Goffey |editor1-first=G. |editor2-last=Gluyas |editor2-first=J. G. |title=United Kingdom oil and gas fields : 50th anniversary commemorative volume |date=2020 |publisher=Geological Society of London |location=London |isbn=978-1786204752 |page=82 |chapter=1: Onshore UK}}
Governance
Historically in the wapentake of Pickering Lythe, and in the ecclesiastical parish of Pickering, the parish is roughly {{convert|3|mi}} south of Pickering and some {{convert|5|mi|0}} north of Malton.{{cite web |title=Genuki: In 1822, the following places were in the Parish of Pickering:, Yorkshire (North Riding) |url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/NRY/Pickering/more |website=www.genuki.org.uk |access-date=25 September 2022}} The parish was part of the Ryedale district between 1974 and 2023. It is now administered by North Yorkshire Council.
The parish forms part of the Thirsk and Malton constituency for elections to the UK parliament.{{cite web |title=Election Maps - Marishes |url=https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/election-maps/gb/?x=481743&y=477797&z=6&bnd1=CPC&bnd2=WMC&labels=off |website=www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk |access-date=25 September 2022}}
In the 2001 census, the population of the parish was 123,{{NOMIS2001|id=36UF070|title=Marishes Parish|accessdate=25 September 2022}} which had risen to 132 at the 2011 census. In 2015, North Yorkshire County Council estimated the population of the parish to be 140.
| class="wikitable"
|+Population of Marishes 1801–2015 !1801 !1811 !1821 !1831 !1841 !1851 !1861 !1871 !1881 !1891 !1901 !1911 !1921 !1931 !1951 !1961 !1971 !2001 !2011 !2015 |
| 200 |
Notes
{{reflist|group="note"}}
References
{{Reflist}}
= Sources =
- {{cite book |editor1-last=Page |editor1-first=William |title=The Victoria history of the county of York, North Riding |date=1968 |publisher=Dawsons of Pall Mall for the University of London Institute of Historical Research |location=London |isbn=0712903100}}
- {{cite book |editor1-last=Bulmer |editor1-first=T. |title=History, topography, and directory of North Yorkshire : comprising its ancient and modern history |date=1890 |publisher=Bulmer & Co |location=Preston|oclc=650384999}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- [https://www.ryedale.gov.uk/content/uploads/2021/06/Marishes.pdf Parish boundary for polling purposes]